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In the yeast genome, there are five genes known to encode aldehyde dehydrogenases, as well as an additional gene with sequence similarity. Ald2p and Ald3p are cytosolic enzymes which use only NAD+ as cofactor. Both genes are induced in response to ethanol or stress and repressed by glucose. Ald4p and Ald5p are mitochondrial, use NAD and NADP as cofactors, and are K+ dependent. Ald4p, the major isoform, is glucose repressed and ald4 mutants do not grow on ethanol, while Ald5p, the minor isoform, is constitutively expressed (10, 11). ALD6 encodes the Mg2+ activated cytosolic enzyme, which uses NADP+ as cofactor and is constitutively expressed. HFD1 has been predicted to encode a fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (3, 12, 9, 13).Null mutations in ALD6 confer a reduced growth rate in glucose relative to wild type cells, and growth is severely impaired in ethanol (1). During nitrogen starvation, however, an ald6 null mutation enhances viability. Apparently Ald6p activity is detrimental for survival under this condition, as Ald6p is degraded via the autophagy pathway in nitrogen starved cells (7). Aldehyde dehydrogenases are conserved across many species and are key enzymes in metabolic pathways, some of which function to detoxify harmful chemical intermediates. In humans, mutations in aldehyde dehydrogenase genes (ALDH1, ALDH2, ALDH4 and ALDH10) are associated with alcoholism and carcinogenesis. In plants, these enzymes play important roles in fertility and in fruit ripening (3 and references therein).", "date_edited": "2009-08-26"}, "literature_overview": {"primary_count": 69, "additional_count": 176, "review_count": 66, "go_count": 10, "phenotype_count": 11, "disease_count": 0, "interaction_count": 84, "regulation_count": 12, "ptm_count": 18, "funComplement_count": 0, "htp_count": 37, "total_count": 434}, "disease_overview": {"manual_disease_terms": [], "htp_disease_terms": [], "computational_annotation_count": 0, "date_last_reviewed": null}, "ecnumbers": [{"display_name": "1.2.1.4", "link": "/ecnumber/EC:1.2.1.4"}], "URS_ID": null, "main_strain": "S288C", "regulation_overview": {"regulator_count": 33, "target_count": 0, "paragraph": {"text": "ALD6/YPL061W promoter is bound by 9 different transcription factors in response to heat; ALD6 transcription is regulated by Yap1p in response to hydrogen peroxide and by Ino2p in response to glucose starvation; ALD6/YPL061W transcription is upregulated by Stb5p in response to glucose starvation and by Gcn4p in response to boron; Ald6 protein activity is regulated by Atg1p and Cdc5p", "date_edited": "2025-03-24", "references": [{"id": 1990960, "display_name": "Bergenholm D, et al. (2018)", "citation": "Bergenholm D, et al. (2018) Reconstruction of a Global Transcriptional Regulatory Network for Control of Lipid Metabolism in Yeast by Using Chromatin Immunoprecipitation with Lambda Exonuclease Digestion. mSystems 3(4)", "pubmed_id": 30073202, "link": "/reference/S000218435", "year": 2018, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00215-17"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6068829/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30073202"}]}, {"id": 2380747, "display_name": "Dokl\u00e1dal L, et al. (2021)", "citation": "Dokl\u00e1dal L, et al. (2021) Phosphoproteomic responses of TORC1 target kinases reveal discrete and convergent mechanisms that orchestrate the quiescence program in yeast. Cell Rep 37(13):110149", "pubmed_id": 34965436, "link": "/reference/S000312707", "year": 2021, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110149"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34965436"}]}, {"id": 2488500, "display_name": "King GA, et al. (2023)", "citation": "King GA, et al. (2023) Meiotic nuclear pore complex remodeling provides key insights into nuclear basket organization. J Cell Biol 222(2)", "pubmed_id": 36515990, "link": "/reference/S000341354", "year": 2023, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202204039"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9754704/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36515990"}]}, {"id": 402334, "display_name": "Uluisik I, et al. (2011)", "citation": "Uluisik I, et al. (2011) Boron stress activates the general amino acid control mechanism and inhibits protein synthesis. PLoS One 6(11):e27772", "pubmed_id": 22114689, "link": "/reference/S000149426", "year": 2011, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027772"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3219688/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22114689"}]}, {"id": 1991725, "display_name": "Ouyang L, et al. (2018)", "citation": "Ouyang L, et al. (2018) Integrated analysis of the yeast NADPH-regulator Stb5 reveals distinct differences in NADPH requirements and regulation in different states of yeast metabolism. FEMS Yeast Res 18(8)", "pubmed_id": 30107458, "link": "/reference/S000218483", "year": 2018, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsyr/foy091"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30107458"}]}, {"id": 414327, "display_name": "Venters BJ, et al. (2011)", "citation": "Venters BJ, et al. (2011) A comprehensive genomic binding map of gene and chromatin regulatory proteins in Saccharomyces. Mol Cell 41(4):480-92", "pubmed_id": 21329885, "link": "/reference/S000145602", "year": 2011, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2011.01.015"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3057419/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21329885"}]}, {"id": 561452, "display_name": "Cohen BA, et al. (2002)", "citation": "Cohen BA, et al. (2002) Discrimination between paralogs using microarray analysis: application to the Yap1p and Yap2p transcriptional networks. Mol Biol Cell 13(5):1608-14", "pubmed_id": 12006656, "link": "/reference/S000069926", "year": 2002, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.01-10-0472"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC111130/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12006656"}, {"display_name": "Reference supplement", "link": "http://salt2.med.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/ExpressDByeast/EXDDisplayEDS?EDSNo=36"}]}]}}, "reference_mapping": {"616874": 1, "541540": 2, "649448": 3, "517760": 4, "2530670": 5, "551180": 6, "543992": 7, "633040": 8, "572207": 9, "615437": 10, "610336": 11, "610582": 12, "525306": 13}, "history": [{"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: ALD1", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": [{"id": 615437, "display_name": "Wang X, et al. (1998)", "citation": "Wang X, et al. (1998) Molecular cloning, characterization, and potential roles of cytosolic and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenases in ethanol metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bacteriol 180(4):822-30", "pubmed_id": 9473035, "link": "/reference/S000050673", "year": 1998, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.180.4.822-830.1998"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC106960/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9473035"}]}]}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: ALD6", "date_created": "2000-05-19", "references": [{"id": 616874, "display_name": "Meaden PG, et al. (1997)", "citation": "Meaden PG, et al. (1997) The ALD6 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a cytosolic, Mg(2+)-activated acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. Yeast 13(14):1319-27", "pubmed_id": 9392076, "link": "/reference/S000050185", "year": 1997, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(199711)13:14<1319::AID-YEA183>3.0.CO;2-T"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9392076"}]}]}, {"category": "Nomenclature history", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Nomenclature history: Nomenclature of the aldehyde dehydrogenase-encoding genes was in flux before 1999, and in several cases the same gene name was assigned to different genes. The confusing issues, and the current nomenclature system, are explained in Navarro-Avino et al., Yeast 15(10A):829-42 (1999). Note that the name ALD1 is not in use as a standard name, since it was initially assigned to a sequence that later proved to be a cloning artifact (GenBank M57887.1).", "date_created": "2007-11-27", "references": []}], "complexes": []}; ALD6 Homology | SGD

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ALD6 / YPL061W Homology

Standard Name
ALD6 1
Systematic Name
YPL061W
SGD ID
SGD:S000005982
Aliases
ALD1 10
Feature Type
ORF , Verified
Description
Cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase; activated by Mg2+ and utilizes NADP+ as the preferred coenzyme; required for conversion of acetaldehyde to acetate; constitutively expressed; localizes to the mitochondrial outer surface upon oxidative stress; negative regulator of nonselective autophagy; Stb5p directly regulates the expression of ALD6 mRNA and directly binds to the ALD6 promoter 2 3 4 5
Name Description
ALdehyde Dehydrogenase 1
Comparative Info

Homologs

Homology calls are sourced from the Alliance of Genome Resources. Many aspects of data integration presented at the Alliance require a common set of orthology relationships among genes for the organisms represented, including human. The Alliance provides the results of all methods that have been benchmarked by the Quest for Orthologs Consortium (QfO). The homolog inferences from the different methods have been integrated using the DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool (DIOPT), which integrates a number of existing methods including those used by the Alliance: Ensembl Compara, HGNC, Hieranoid, InParanoid, OMA, OrthoFinder, OrthoInspector, PANTHER, PhylomeDB, Roundup, TreeFam, and ZFIN.

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Species Gene ID Gene name Source

Functional Complementation

Information about cross-species functional complementation between yeast and other species, curated by SGD and the Princeton Protein Orthology Database (P-POD).

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Gene Species Gene ID Strain background Direction Details Source Reference

Fungal Homologs

Fungal Homology calls are sourced from AllianceMine, which compiles fungal homology calls from FungiDB, CGD, Panther, PomBase, TreeFam, HomoloGene, and SGD.

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Species Gene ID Gene name Description Source

External Identifiers

List of external identifiers for the protein from various database sources.

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External ID Source

Resources

Homologs

AGD | AnalogYeast | BLASTP at NCBI | FungiDB | PhylomeDB | PomBase | YGOB | YOGY

Protein Databases

AlphaFold Protein Structure | AlphaFold Protein Structure | GPMDB | ModelArchive | Pfam domains | SUPERFAMILY | TopologYeast | UniProtKB | UniProtKB

Localization

CYCLoPs | dHITS | LoQAtE | YeastGFP | YeastRC Public Images | YeastRGB | YPL+

Post-translational Modifications

CoSMoS.c. | PhosphoGRID | PhosphoPep

S288C only

BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation

S288C vs. other species

BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi

S288C vs. other strains

Strain Alignment | Variant Viewer

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