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Loss of either PDR1 or PDR3 results in differential drug tolerance, and loss of both pdr1 and pdr3 results in severe drug hypersensitivity. Single pdr1 null mutants are markedly decreased in their resistance to different drugs while the affect of a single pdr3 null mutation is less severe (5 and 18). Hyperactive mutants of Pdr1p and Pdr3p often lead to enhanced drug resistance due to an increase in drug transporters (reviewed in 7), but only about 10% of the roughly 200 genes containing a PDRE-like element in their promoters respond transcriptionally to the hyperactive forms of Pdr1p and Pdr3p, indicating that factors beyond the presence of a PDRE may be necessary for transcriptional activation by Pdr1p and Pdr3p (reviewed in 8).", "date_edited": "2007-09-28"}, "literature_overview": {"primary_count": 147, "additional_count": 184, "review_count": 52, "go_count": 8, "phenotype_count": 15, "disease_count": 0, "interaction_count": 75, "regulation_count": 15, "ptm_count": 9, "funComplement_count": 0, "htp_count": 29, "total_count": 452}, "disease_overview": {"manual_disease_terms": [], "htp_disease_terms": [], "computational_annotation_count": 0, "date_last_reviewed": null}, "ecnumbers": [], "URS_ID": null, "main_strain": "S288C", "genetic_position": -8.0, "regulation_overview": {"regulator_count": 10, "target_count": 176, "paragraph": {"text": "PDR1 encodes a transcription factor that is a member of the C6 zinc finger class, containing a DNA binding domain also known as the Zn2Cys6 binuclear zinc cluster or zinc knuckle. Pdr1p activates transcription of genes involved in pleiotropic drug resistance, such as the ATP-binding cassette transporter genes PDR5, SNQ2, and YOR1, whose products mediate drug efflux from the cell. Pdr1p targets also have roles in hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) tolerance, ethanol tolerance, the salt stress response, and sphingolipid biosynthesis. Pdr1p binds to multiple PDREs (pleiotropic drug resistance elements) in the promoters of target genes, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with other transcription factors, including Pdr3p and Stb5p. PDR3, a paralog of PDR1, is also a target of Pdr1p regulation. Pdr1p is phosphorylated, although the regulatory significance of this is unknown.", "date_edited": "2016-10-15", "references": [{"id": 409119, "display_name": "Hahn S and Young ET (2011)", "citation": "Hahn S and Young ET (2011) Transcriptional regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: transcription factor regulation and function, mechanisms of initiation, and roles of activators and coactivators. Genetics 189(3):705-36", "pubmed_id": 22084422, "link": "/reference/S000147436", "year": 2011, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.111.127019"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3213380/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22084422"}]}, {"id": 447332, "display_name": "Leverentz MK and Reece RJ (2006)", "citation": "Leverentz MK and Reece RJ (2006) Phosphorylation of Zn(II)2Cys6 proteins: a cause or effect of transcriptional activation? Biochem Soc Trans 34(Pt 5):794-7", "pubmed_id": 17052200, "link": "/reference/S000136958", "year": 2006, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BST0340794"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17052200"}]}, {"id": 513438, "display_name": "MacPherson S, et al. (2006)", "citation": "MacPherson S, et al. (2006) A fungal family of transcriptional regulators: the zinc cluster proteins. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 70(3):583-604", "pubmed_id": 16959962, "link": "/reference/S000118518", "year": 2006, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00015-06"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1594591/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16959962"}]}, {"id": 599712, "display_name": "Balzi E and Goffeau A (1995)", "citation": "Balzi E and Goffeau A (1995) Yeast multidrug resistance: the PDR network. J Bioenerg Biomembr 27(1):71-6", "pubmed_id": 7629054, "link": "/reference/S000055982", "year": 1995, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02110333"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7629054"}]}, {"id": 412873, "display_name": "Zhao XQ and Bai FW (2012)", "citation": "Zhao XQ and Bai FW (2012) Zinc and yeast stress tolerance: micronutrient plays a big role. J Biotechnol 158(4):176-83", "pubmed_id": 21763361, "link": "/reference/S000146125", "year": 2012, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2011.06.038"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21763361"}]}, {"id": 524956, "display_name": "Jungwirth H and Kuchler K (2006)", "citation": "Jungwirth H and Kuchler K (2006) Yeast ABC transporters-- a tale of sex, stress, drugs and aging. FEBS Lett 580(4):1131-8", "pubmed_id": 16406363, "link": "/reference/S000114184", "year": 2006, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2005.12.050"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16406363"}]}]}}, "reference_mapping": {"613236": 1, "541979": 2, "526423": 3, "397497": 4, "621957": 5, "555507": 6, "513438": 7, "546343": 8, "524956": 9, "637623": 10, "637809": 11, "507862": 12, "561389": 13, "587125": 14, "525273": 15, "561723": 16, "540112": 17, "635778": 18, "649549": 19, "639619": 20, "648942": 21, "624781": 22, "599597": 23}, "history": [{"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: PDR1", "date_created": "2000-05-19", "references": [{"id": 613236, "display_name": "Balzi E, et al. (1987)", "citation": "Balzi E, et al. (1987) The multidrug resistance gene PDR1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 262(35):16871-9", "pubmed_id": 3316228, "link": "/reference/S000051413", "year": 1987, "urls": [{"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3316228"}]}]}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: TPE3", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": []}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: AMY1", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": [{"id": 649549, "display_name": "Lucchini G, et al. (1979)", "citation": "Lucchini G, et al. (1979) Nuclear inheritance of resistance to antimycin A in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Gen Genet 177(1):139-43", "pubmed_id": 395411, "link": "/reference/S000039897", "year": 1979, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00267263"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/395411"}]}]}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: ANT1", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": [{"id": 639619, "display_name": "Cohen JD and Eaton NR (1979)", "citation": "Cohen JD and Eaton NR (1979) Genetic analysis of multiple drug cross resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a nuclear-mitochondrial gene interaction. Genetics 91(1):19-33", "pubmed_id": 372044, "link": "/reference/S000042513", "year": 1979, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/91.1.19"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1213929/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/372044"}]}]}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: BOR2", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": [{"id": 648942, "display_name": "Nass G and Poralla K (1976)", "citation": "Nass G and Poralla K (1976) Genetics of borrelidin resistant mutants of Saccharomyces cerivisiae and properties of their threonyl-tRNA-synthetase. Mol Gen Genet 147(1):39-43", "pubmed_id": 785224, "link": "/reference/S000039625", "year": 1976, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00337933"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/785224"}]}]}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: CYH3", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": [{"id": 624781, "display_name": "Saunders GW, et al. (1979)", "citation": "Saunders GW, et al. (1979) Inheritance of multiple drug resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: linkage to leu1 and analyses of 2 micron DNA in partial revertants. Mol Gen Genet 175(1):45-52", "pubmed_id": 390306, "link": "/reference/S000047515", "year": 1979, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00267854"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/390306"}]}]}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: NRA2", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": []}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: SMR2", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": []}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: TIL1", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": []}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: TPE1", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": [{"id": 599597, "display_name": "Kean LS, et al. (1997)", "citation": "Kean LS, et al. (1997) Plasma membrane translocation of fluorescent-labeled phosphatidylethanolamine is controlled by transcription regulators, PDR1 and PDR3. J Cell Biol 138(2):255-70", "pubmed_id": 9230069, "link": "/reference/S000056021", "year": 1997, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.138.2.255"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2138184/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9230069"}]}]}, {"category": "Nomenclature conflict", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Nomenclature conflict: OLI1 has been used to refer to both OLI1/Q0130, the mitochondrial gene encoding an ATP synthase subunit, and PDR1/YGL013C, which encodes a transcription factor.", "date_created": "2003-12-09", "references": []}, {"category": "Mapping", "history_type": "SEQUENCE", "note": "Mapping: Edition 10: data from cross GS1-16b x DR1 9/T8 were not included; there were anomalous data for the leu1-pdr1 interval", "date_created": "1989-10-01", "references": [{"id": 552023, "display_name": "Mortimer RK, et al. (1989)", "citation": "Mortimer RK, et al. (1989) Genetic map of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, edition 10. Yeast 5(5):321-403", "pubmed_id": 2678811, "link": "/reference/S000073208", "year": 1989, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320050503"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2678811"}]}]}, {"category": "Mapping", "history_type": "SEQUENCE", "note": "Mapping: Edition 10: pdr1 is probably allelic to AMY1, ant1, ate1, BOR2, cyh3, NRA2, oli1, smr2 and til1 (Mortimer and Schild, 1980, 1985)", "date_created": "1989-10-01", "references": [{"id": 552023, "display_name": "Mortimer RK, et al. (1989)", "citation": "Mortimer RK, et al. (1989) Genetic map of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, edition 10. Yeast 5(5):321-403", "pubmed_id": 2678811, "link": "/reference/S000073208", "year": 1989, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320050503"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2678811"}]}]}, {"category": "Mapping", "history_type": "SEQUENCE", "note": "Mapping: Edition 14: PDR1 has also been referred to as SCT1, but should not be confused with the SCT1/YBL011W gene encoding a high copy suppressor of choline-transport mutants.", "date_created": "1997-10-20", "references": [{"id": 587084, "display_name": "Cherry JM, et al. (1997)", "citation": "Cherry JM, et al. (1997) Genetic and physical maps of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nature 387(6632 Suppl):67-73", "pubmed_id": 9169866, "link": "/reference/S000060841", "year": 1997, "urls": [{"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3057085/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9169866"}]}]}, {"category": "Mapping", "history_type": "SEQUENCE", "note": "Mapping: Edition 15: Although PDR1 is probably allelic to a nuclear oli1 mutation (see note 10 above), it should not be confused with the oli1 locus of the mitochondrial genome that encodes the mitochondrial F0-ATP synthase subunit 9.", "date_created": "1998-11-10", "references": [{"id": 542517, "display_name": "Cherry JM, et al. (1998)", "citation": "Cherry JM, et al. (1998) \"Genetic and Physical Maps of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Edition 15)\". Pp. 414-420 in 1998 Yeast Genetics and Molecular Biology Meeting Program and Abstracts. Bethesda, MD: The Genetics Society of America", "pubmed_id": null, "link": "/reference/S000076263", "year": 1998, "urls": []}]}, {"category": "Nomenclature history", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Nomenclature history: The name ANT1 (standard name for ORF YPR128C) was used in one publication (Cohen JD, Eaton NR (1979) Genetics 91(1):19-33) to refer to the PDR1 locus (YGL013C).", "date_created": "2001-08-30", "references": [{"id": 639619, "display_name": "Cohen JD and Eaton NR (1979)", "citation": "Cohen JD and Eaton NR (1979) Genetic analysis of multiple drug cross resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a nuclear-mitochondrial gene interaction. Genetics 91(1):19-33", "pubmed_id": 372044, "link": "/reference/S000042513", "year": 1979, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/91.1.19"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1213929/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/372044"}]}]}], "complexes": []}, tabs: {"id": 1269049, "protein_tab": true, "interaction_tab": true, "summary_tab": true, "go_tab": true, "sequence_section": true, "expression_tab": true, "phenotype_tab": true, "literature_tab": true, "wiki_tab": false, "regulation_tab": true, "sequence_tab": true, "history_tab": true, "homology_tab": true, "disease_tab": false} }; PDR1 | SGD

PDR1 / YGL013C Overview


Standard Name
PDR1 1
Systematic Name
YGL013C
SGD ID
SGD:S000002981
Aliases
AMY1 19 , ANT1 20 , BOR2 21 , CYH3 22 , NRA2 , SMR2 , TIL1 , TPE1 23 , TPE3
Feature Type
ORF , Verified
Description
Transcription factor that regulates the pleiotropic drug response; zinc cluster protein that is a master regulator involved in recruiting other zinc cluster proteins to pleiotropic drug response elements (PDREs) to fine tune the regulation of multidrug resistance genes; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; PDR1 has a paralog, PDR3, that arose from the whole genome duplication 2 3 4
Name Description
Pleiotropic Drug Resistance 1
Paralog
PDR3 3
Comparative Info
Sequence Details

Sequence

The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.


Summary
PDR1 has a paralog, PDR3, that arose from the whole genome duplication
Protein Details

Protein

Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.


Summary
Relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia
Length (a.a.)
1068
Mol. Weight (Da)
121789.0
Isoelectric Point
6.93
Median Abundance (molecules/cell)
1597 +/- 617
Half-life (hr)
11.4

Alleles

Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.


View all PDR1 alleles in SGD search

Gene Ontology Details

Gene Ontology

GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.


Summary
Sequence specific DNA-binding polymerase II transcription factor that activates expression of genes involved in drug response

View computational annotations

Cellular Component

Manually Curated
Phenotype Details

Phenotype

Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.


Summary
Non-essential gene in reference strain S288C; null and point mutations confer resistance or sensitivity to various drugs; in large-scale studies, null mutation confers increased competitive fitness in glycerol medium, decreased fitness in minimal medium, and altered resistance to a wide variety of drugs; overexpression causes slow growth
Interaction Details

Interaction

Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.


Summary
The pdr1 null mutant is viable; the null mutant of paralog pdr3 is viable; the pdr1 pdr3 double mutant displays a synthetic growth defect.

357 total interactions for 260 unique genes

Physical Interactions

  • Affinity Capture-MS: 72
  • Affinity Capture-RNA: 6
  • Affinity Capture-Western: 8
  • Biochemical Activity: 1
  • Co-crystal Structure: 1
  • Co-fractionation: 1
  • Co-localization: 1
  • PCA: 3
  • Proximity Label-MS: 1
  • Reconstituted Complex: 3
  • Two-hybrid: 7

Genetic Interactions

  • Dosage Growth Defect: 1
  • Dosage Lethality: 1
  • Dosage Rescue: 3
  • Negative Genetic: 165
  • Phenotypic Enhancement: 33
  • Phenotypic Suppression: 6
  • Positive Genetic: 16
  • Synthetic Growth Defect: 27
  • Synthetic Rescue: 1
Regulation Details

Regulation

The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.


Summary
PDR1 encodes a transcription factor that is a member of the C6 zinc finger class, containing a DNA binding domain also known as the Zn2Cys6 binuclear zinc cluster or zinc knuckle. Pdr1p activates transcription of genes involved in pleiotropic drug resistance, such as the ATP-binding cassette transporter genes PDR5, SNQ2, and YOR1, whose products mediate drug efflux from the cell. Pdr1p targets also have roles in hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) tolerance, ethanol tolerance, the salt stress response, and sphingolipid biosynthesis. Pdr1p binds to multiple PDREs (pleiotropic drug resistance elements) in the promoters of target genes, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with other transcription factors, including Pdr3p and Stb5p. PDR3, a paralog of PDR1, is also a target of Pdr1p regulation. Pdr1p is phosphorylated, although the regulatory significance of this is unknown.
Regulators
10
Targets
176
Expression Details

Expression

Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.


Summary Paragraph

A summary of the locus, written by SGD Biocurators following a thorough review of the literature. Links to gene names and curated GO terms are included within the Summary Paragraphs.


Last Updated: 2007-09-28

Literature Details

Literature

All manually curated literature for the specified gene, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review). Click "Literature Details" to view all literature information for this locus, including shared literature between genes.


Primary
147
Additional
184
Reviews
52

Resources