Introduction to Computers Lecture # 1

Introduction to Computers Lecture # 1

• 1.
  Introduction to Computer Lecture# 1 Course Instructor : Sehrish Rafiq Govt Girls Degree College Maneri Swabi Higher Education Department KPK
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  Recommended books • ComputerFundamentals by PK Sinha • Fundamental Concepts of Computer System by Asiya Sultan Ali & Amina Nudrat • Computer Fundamentals In Brief by Dr. Ahmed Sallam, Dr. Mohamed Khamiss Hussein, Dr. Mohamed Hamed Mousa, Dr. Ahmed Eltahawy, Dr. Mahmoud Elgayyar
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  Lecture overview • ComputerDefinition • Electronic Data Processing • Data and Information • Types of data • Characteristics of computer
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  What is acomputer? • The word computer is derived from the Latin word “computare” which means to compute. • A computer is an electronic device that can perform arithmetic operations at high speed. • A computer is also called an electronic data processor because it can store process and retrieve data whenever desired.
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  Electronic Data Processing (EDP) •The activity of processing data using a computer is known as Electronic Data Processing or simply data processing. • It is a series of steps, actions or operations that convert data in to meaningful information. • EDP transforms input in to output. • When data entered in to computer is manipulated, formulated, arranged, sorted or is passed through mathematical or statistical formulas it is known as EDP.
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  Electronic Data Processing InputProcessing OutputData Information
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  Data Vs. Information Data •Data is raw material used as input. • Anything in raw form not necessarily meaningful like numbers, words and facts are known as data. • E.g. Student admission forms Information • Information is processed data obtained as output after data processing. • Information is that data which has been manipulated and organized in such a form that it can help people in taking necessary decisions. • E.g. Merit list
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  Types of Data •Three types of data  Alphabetic data  Numeric data  Alphanumeric data
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  Characteristics of acomputer • Automatic • Reprogrammable • Data Processor • Speedy • Accurate • Diligent • Versatile • Power of remembrance • No IQ • No feelings
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  Continued… • Automatic  Itcarries out instructions with minimum human intervention. • Reprogrammable  It stores instructions in the form of programs which can be changed to perform other tasks. • Data Processor  It carries out operations on data to produce information.
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  Continued… • Speedy  Itcan perform its operations at very high speed usually measured in milliseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds and picoseconds. • Accurate  Its accuracy is high and its degree of accuracy depends on its design.  Computer errors caused by incorrect input or unreliable programs are often referred to as Garbage-In-Garbage- Out (GIGO).
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  Continued… • Diligent  Itis free from monotony, tiredness and lack of concentration.  It can continuously work for hours without creating any error or grumbling. • Versatile  It is capable of performing almost any task, if the task can be reduced to a finite series of logical steps. • Power of remembrance  It can store and recall any amount of information whenever desired.
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  Continued…  It forgetsor loses information only when it is asked to do that. • No IQ  A computer is a dummy device.  It does only what it is programmed to do.  It cannot take its own decision in any regard without programming. • No feelings  Computers have no emotions.  Their judgment is based on the instructions given to them in the form of programs that are written by human beings.
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  Enough For Today!!!