INFECTIOUS DISEASES / Virology
Research Interests
Virology, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, HIV-1, AIDS, tick-borne encephalitis, dengue, zika, arbovirus, innate immunity, stress response, virus-host interaction, microscopy, fluorescence, antivirals, diagnostics, surveillance, point-of-care testing
Description of Research
The main focus of our laboratory is the molecular and cell biology of virus-host interactions. We had a long-standing interest in HIV-1 transcriptional and post-transcriptional nuclear regulation, which shifted towards artropod-borne RNA viruses of increasing concern such as tick-borne encephalitis, dengue, west Nile and Zika.
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic the laboratory has been in the frontline to tackle SARS-CoV-2. To this end, we developed a platform of tools for the study of the virus-host crosstalk: from single protein-protein interactions to the dynamics of host and viral components. Activities included the formulation of protocols for SARS-CoV-2 molecular and serological diagnostics, and the production of on-line tutorials and reagents to enable the development of low-cost in-house assays. SARS-CoV-2 viruses circulating in several countries were sequenced for the first time, and the data was made available to the scientific community. A pipeline for testing antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 was set up, allowing the identification of novel drug candidates.
We are also interested in implementing viral diagnostics for developing countries by technically supporting local scientists and by developing point-of-care portable devices in collaboration with industrial partners. Finally, small molecules derived from screenings, repurposing or rational design are tested for antiviral activity.
Recent Publications
Bonotto RM, Mitrovic A, Sosic I, Pamela Martinez-Orellana, Federica Dattola, Gobec S, Kos J, Marcello A. Cathepsin inhibitors Nitroxoline and its derivatives inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection. Antiviral Research, 2023 ( DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105655).
Gioia U, Tavella S , Martínez-Orellana P, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection induces DNA damage, through CHK1 degradation and impaired 53BP1 recruitment, and cellular senescence. Nature Cell Biology 2023. doi.org/10.1038/s41556-023-01096-x.
Baba MM, Bitew M, Fokam J, Lelo EA, et al. Diagnostic performance of colorimetric RT LAMP for the identification of SARS-CoV-2: a multicentre prospective clinical evaluation in sub-Saharan Africa. EClinicalMedicine. 2021 Aug 28;40:101101. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101101. eCollection 2021 Oct.
Licastro D, Rajasekharan S, Dal Monego S, Segat L, D’Agaro P, Marcello A and the FVG Laboratory Group on COVID-19. Isolation and full-length genome characterization of SARS-CoV-2 from COVID-19 cases in Northern Italy. J Virol. 2020 May 18; 94 (11): e00543-20. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00543-20.
Mora-Cárdenas E, Aloise C, Faoro V, et al. Comparative specificity and sensitivity of NS1-based serological assays for the detection of flavivirus immune response. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020 Jan 29; 14 (1): e0008039. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008039.
Carletti T, Zakaria MK, Faoro V, Reale L, Kazungu Y, Licastro D, Marcello A. Viral priming of cell intrinsic innate antiviral signaling by the unfolded protein response. (2019) Nature Communications; 10(1):3889. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11663-2.





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