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Tkdl, geographical indicaton bill, government bills
- TKDL is a digital library managed by CSIR that contains over 200,000 formulations from classical Indian texts related to Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, and Yoga medicine. It was created to prevent biopiracy and protect India's traditional knowledge. - Geographical indications identify goods originating from a specific region and whose qualities are due to that region. India has several systems to register and protect GIs both domestically and internationally. - The AYUSH department oversees research and development of Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy in India through various councils like CCRAS, CCRS, CCRU, and CCR
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Tkdl, geographical indicaton bill, government bills
- 1. - B YM R . V I S H WA J E E T V U PA D H Y E TKDL, GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATON BILL, GOVERNMENT BILLS IN AYUSH, ISM, CCRAS, CCRS, CCRU, CCRH
- 2. TKDL (TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDEDIGITAL LIBRARY) • India possess a rich traditional knowledge which is generally being passed down by word of mouth from one generation to another. • Most part of this traditional knowledge is inaccessible to common since it is described in ancient classical and other literature. • There is also a threat of misuse of such knowledge through obtaining patents on non-original innovations which is a great loss to the country. • TKDL addresses these issues.
- 3. WHAT IS TKDL? •Traditional knowledge digital library managed by the CSIR, TKDL is a computerized database of documented information available in Indian texts, relating to Indian systems of medicine. • Over 10years, more than 2lakh formulations of Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Yoga have been documented under the TKDL.
- 4. HOW TKDL ISEVOVLED? • TKDL uses the tools of information technology and a novel classification system to make available traditional knowledge in digital form. • Vinod Kumar Gupta, who set up TKDL, devised a modern classification based on the structure of International Patent Classification (IPC) for India’s traditional systems: Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha and Yoga. • Set up in 2001, as a collaboration between the council of scientific and industrial research (CSIR) and the department of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy (dept. Of AYUSH), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
- 5. CONT… • As of2010, it had transcribed 148 books on Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha and Yoga in public domain, into 34 million pages of information, translated into five languages- English, German, French, Spanish, Japanese. • Data on 80,000 formulations in Ayurveda, 1,000,000 in Unani and 12,000 in Siddha had already been put in the TKDL. • Plus it has signed agreements with leading international patent offices such as European Patent Office (EPO), United Kingdom Trademark and Patent Office (UKPTO) and the United States Patent and Trademark Office to protect Traditional knowledge from piracy, by giving patent examiners at international patent offices access to TKDL database for patent search and examination.
- 6. IMPORTANCE OF TKDL •The objective of the library is to protect the ancient and traditional knowledge of the country from exploitation through bio-piracy and unethical patent, by documenting it electronically and classifying it as per international patent classification systems. • Apart from that, non-patent database also serves to foster modern research based on traditional knowledge, as it simplifies access to this vast knowledge, be it of traditional remedies, or practices. • It has also signed agreements with leading international patent offices such as European Patent office (EPO) United Kingdom Trademark and Patent office (UKTPO) and The United States Patent and Trade mark office to protect traditional knowledge from bio piracy, by giving patent examiners at International Patent Offices to access to the TKDL database for patent search and examinations purpose.
- 7. CONT... • TKDL providesinformation on traditional knowledge existing in the country, in languages and format understandable by patent examiners at International Patent Offices (IPOs), so as to prevent the grant of wrong patents. • TKDL thus acts as a bridge between the traditional knowledge information existing in local languages and the Patent Examiners at IPOs. • The Project TKDL involves documentation of the traditional knowledge available in public domain in the form of existing literature related to Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha and Yoga, in digitalized format in 5 International languages such as English, German, French, Japanese and Spanish.
- 8. GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION • Itis an indication which identifies goods as agricultural goods, natural goods or manufactured goods. • Originating or manufactured in the territory of a country or a region or locality. • Where a given quality, reputation or other characteristics of such goods is essentially attributed to its geographical origin. • Indication referring to a country or to a place situated therein as being the country or place of origin of a product. • Refers to the geographical origin of the product. • NO special characteristic implied. • Appellation of origin-Used on products that have a specific quality that is exclusively or essentially due to the geographical environment in which the products are produced.
- 9. FEATURES OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION •Collective community rights-protects groups of producers • Exclusive(no individual right) • No right to assign-increases scope of protection • Right in perpetuity-remains with the community • Knowledge underlying GI remains in the public domain • Protects goods that are already famous-reputation must pre exist • Functions like a trademark
- 10. GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION CANBE APPLIED TO- • Agricultural goods • Handicraft goods • Manufactured goods • Natural goods • Food stuffs
- 11. PROTECTION OF GIINTERNATIONALLY • Paris convention(1883):False indication • Madrid agreement(1891):False and deceptive indication • Lisbon agreement(1958):Define appellation of origin • TRIPS agreement(1994):First International treaty bound to protect GIs and to enforce its application
- 12. WHO CAN APPLYFOR THE REGISTRATION OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION • Any association of persons, producers, organization or authority established by or under the law. • Registered proprietor • Authorized user • producer
- 13. CONTENTS FOR APPLICATIONOF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION • Every application for the registration must contain- • A statement as to how GIs serves to designate goods as originating from the concerned territory of the country/region/locality in the country • The class of goods to which the GI shall apply • The geographical map of the country, region or locality in the country in which the goods originate or being manufactured.
- 14. CONT… • The particularsregarding the appearance of the GIs as to whether it comprises of the- • Words or figurative elements or both • Shall be in prescribed format • Mechanism to ensure quality standards, uniqueness • Special human skills • Name and address of the associations • Inspection structure for maintaining quality • Protection measures for eliminating infringement
- 15. TEN STEP GUIDEFOR REGISTRATION 1.FILLING OF APPLICATION 2.PRELIMINARY SCRUTINY 3.CONSTITUTION OF CONSULTATIVE GROUPS OF EXPERTS 4.EXAMINATION 5.SHOW CAUSE NOTICE 6.PUBLICATION IN GI JOURNAL 7.OPPOSITION 8.REGISTRATION 9.APPEAL 10.RENEWAL
- 16. AYUSH(AYURVEDA, YOGA ANDNATUROPATHY, UNANI, SIDDHAAND HOMEOPATHY) • Department of Indian System of Medicine and Homeopathy(ISM and H) was created in March,1995 and renamed as Department of AYUSH in November,2003 with a view to providing focused attention to development of Education and Research in AYUSH systems. • The Department continued to lay emphasis on up-gradation of AYUSH educational standards, quality control and standardization of drugs, improving the availability of medicinal plant material, research and development and awareness generation about the efficacy of the systems domestically and internationally.
- 17. OBJECTIVES • To upgradethe educational standards in the ISM and H colleges in the country. • To strengthen existing research institutions and ensure a time bound research program on identified diseases for which these systems have an effective treatment. • To draw up schemes for promotion, cultivation and regeneration of medicinal plants used in these systems. • To evolve Pharmacopoeia standards for ISM and H drugs.
- 18. STAFF • Administrative staff- •Union Minister for health and family welfare • State Minister for health and family welfare • Official staff of AYUSH-New Delhi- • Secretary, Joint Secretary, Deputy Secretary, Under Secretary • Director, Joint Director, Deputy Director • Advisor, Assistant Advisors • Research Officers, Technical Officers, Statistical Officer and Section Officer • Directors of CCRAS, CCRUM, CCRYN, CCRH • Directors of NATIONAL INSTITUTION OF ISM AND H
- 19. CCRAS(CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCHIN AYURVEDA SCIENCE) • CCRAS is an apex body in India for understanding, coordinating, aiding and promoting research in Ayurveda. • The council was established in March 1987 after re- organization of CCRIM and H(Central Council for Research in Indian Medicine and Homeopathy) • The council carries out its activities through the network of research and centers functioning under its direct control and through a number of units located in universities/hospital in different part of country. • The CCRAS is an autonomous body of department of AUSH, ministry of health and family welfare, Government of India.
- 20. AIM • To enhancethe capability of council as a premier institution for research in Ayurvedic science and to forge strategic alliance with similar establishments and constantly strive for excellence in basic and applied knowledge for understanding of cause and preventing human disease and their management.
- 21. OBJECTIVES OF CCRAS •Formulate aims and patterns of research on scientific lines in Ayurvedic system of medicine. • Initiate, Aid, Develop, Encourage, Co-ordinate scientific research in fundamental and applied aspects of Ayurveda. • Propagate basic knowledge and experimental measures relating to the cause and prevention of disease and exchange information with other institution with a similar approach. • Promote and assist institutions of research in the study of diseases, their prevention and cure especially with emphasis on covering the rural population of the country.
- 22. CCRS(CENTRAL COUNCIL FORRESEARCH IN SIDDHA MEDICINE) • It is an apex body for the formulation, co-ordination and scientific validation of siddha system of medicine and was established as a separate research council w.e.f september 2010. • The research activities of CCRS are carried out through 6 peripheral institutes/units in the state of Tamilnadu, Kerala, New Delhi and the U.T. of Puducherry. • These units include 1 central research institute at chennai, 2 regional research institutes at Puducherry and Thiruvananthapuram, 2 clinical research unit at Palayamkottai and Karolbagh, 1 medicinal plants garden at Mettur. • This is inclusive of 2 attached hospitals at chennai and Puducherry, 2 attached dispensaries at Palayamkottai, Thiruvananthapuram and Karolbagh.
- 23. CONT… • The councilconcentrates on finding effective and low cost remedies for various disease conditions through systemic research. • The research activities of the council includes clinical research, fundamental research, drug research and literary research. • The siddha pharmacopoeia committee with the mandate of establishing quality parameters for siddha drugs and formulations is working under the auspices of ministry of AYUSH. It is currently functioning at CCRS, Chennai.
- 24. CCRU(CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCHIN UNANI MEDICINE) • The central council for research in Unani medicine is an autonomous organization under the ministry of AYUSH, government of India. • The council was established on 30 Marc 1978 under societies registration act, 1860. • However, it started functioning independently from 10 January 1979.
- 25. OBJECTIVES OF CCRU •Formulation of aims and patterns of research on scientific lines in Unani medicine to undertake research or any other programs in Unani medicine. • Prosecution of assistance in research and propagation of knowledge and experimental measures generally in connection with the causation, mode of spread and prevention of diseases. • To initiate, aid, develop and coordinate scientific research on different aspects, fundamental and applied, of Unani medicine, and to promote and assist institutions of research for the study of diseases, their prevention, causation and remedy. • To finance enquiries and researches for the furthernace of objectives of council.
- 26. CONT… • To exchangeinformation with other institutions, associations and societies interested in the objectives similar to those of the council especially in the observation and study of diseases in the east in general, and in India in particular. • To prepare, print, publish, and exhibit any articles, posters, pamphlets, periodicals and books for furtherance of the objectives of the council and to contribute to such literature.
- 27. ACTIVITIES • The councilsresearch program comprise of clinical research, drug standardization research, literary research and survey and cultivation of medicinal plants. • Besides, research oriented extension health services and information, education and communication (ICE) activities are also part of the councils program. • Research activities are being carried out through a network of 23 institutes/units functioning in different parts of country.
- 28. CCRH(CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCHIN HOMEOPATHY MEDICINE) • The central council for research in Homeopathy established on 30th March 1978 is an apex organization under the ministry of AYUSH, government of India, for undertaking coordinating, developing, disseminating and promoting research in homeopathy on scientific lines. • The council with its headquarters at New Delhi has a network of 22 institutes/units, all over India. • These include 2 central research institutes, 8 regional research institutes, 1 Homeopathic drug research institutes, 8 clinical research units, 1 drug standardization unit, 1 clinical verification unit and 1 survey of medicinal plants and collection units.
- 29. CONT… • There are4 functional OPDs for providing homeopathic treatment in allopathic hospitals. • Council has upgraded CRU, Agartala to regional research institute to gear up the research work in north-east region. • Apart from these, the council has developed highly advanced and technically equipped infrastructure of virology laboratory at Dr. Anjali Chatterjee regional research institute, Kolkata to carry out molecular biological work.
- 30.