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CSS L13 STRUCTURED CABLING SYSTEM
This document outlines the competencies related to structured cabling systems in computer networking, including the types of LAN cables, their uses, and related standards organizations. It details various cable types such as coaxial, twisted pair, and fiber optic, explaining their construction, characteristics, and applications. Additionally, it highlights the historical evolution of relevant cabling standards and testing parameters in telecommunications.
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Overview of the presentation focused on computer system servicing in structured cabling systems.
Learners will understand LAN cable roles, types, standardization organizations, and cabling evolution.
Definitions of key terms related to cabling and networking, including TC, AL, ANSI, TIA, EIA, ISO.
Continued definitions of cabling terms including ACR, BER, FEXT, NEXT, STP, and UTP.
Explanation of network cabling as the medium for information transfer, detailing types and relevance.
Overview of the primary types of LAN cables: Coaxial, Twisted Pair, and Fiber Optic.
Details about coaxial cable construction and its common usage by telecommunication companies.
Common connectors used with coaxial cables, emphasizing the BNC connector type.
Introduction to twisted pair cables, highlighting shielded and unshielded variations.
Discussion of UTP qualities and EIA/TIA standards for different categories of twisted pair cable.
Explanation of cable shielding acronyms for twisted pair cables and standard identifiers.
Describes fiber optic cables, including its construction and advantages over electrical signals.
Discussion on growing internet traffic and network upgrades leading to increased fiber optic usage.
Overview of various fiber optic connector types and their applications in networking.
Components of fiber optic connectors: ferrule, connector body, and coupling device.
Introduction to cabling standards and organizations involved in establishing networking standards.
Key milestones in the evolution of ANSI/EIA/TIA cabling standards since 1991.
Detailed outline of ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B series and specific copper requirements.
Detailed specifications related to copper cabling under the ANSI/TIA standards.
Specifications and guidelines for fiber optic cabling established by ANSI/TIA.
Overview of EN 50173 standards for various premises and applications.
Explanation of testing parameters for cabling standards including maximum link and channel lengths.
Summary of final thoughts and conclusions regarding cabling testing and standards.
Acknowledgment of resources and references for additional information on structured cabling.
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CSS L13 STRUCTURED CABLING SYSTEM
- 1. Computer System ServicingNCII L13 STRUCTURED CABLING SYSTEM Marvin B. Broñoso CSS Teacher/Trainer [email protected] 0918 697 5164
- 2. Learning Competencies At theend of this module the learners will be able to . . . ○ Describe the role of different LAN cable in computer network according to its type. ○ Explain and enumeratethe different types of LAN cable and its use. ○ List the standardization organization in computer networking and structured cabling system. ○ List the evolution and characteristic of computer cabling standardization.
- 3. TERMINOLOGIES • TC –Thin Copper • AL – Aluminum • ANSI – American National Standard Institute • TIA – Telecommunication Industry Association • EIA – Electronic Industry Association • ISO – International Organization for Standardization • Network Topology – Infrastructure of computer network • Ethernet Cable – Cable use to connect your computer to the network.
- 4. TERMINOLOGIES • ACR –Attenuation to Cross-Talk Ration • BER – Bit Error Rate • FEXT – Far End Cross-Talk • NEXT – Near End Cross-Talk • STP – Shielded Twisted Pair • UTP – Unshielded Twisted Pair
- 5. WHAT IS NETWORKCABLING Cable is the medium through which information usually moves from one network device to another. There are several types of cable which are commonly used with LANs. In some cases, a network will utilize only one type of cable, other networks will use a variety of cable types. The type of cable chosen for a network is related to the network's topology, protocol, and size. Understanding the characteristics of different types of cable and how they relate to other aspects of a network is necessary for the development of a successful network.
- 6. LAN CABLE TYPES COAXIALTWISTED PAIR FIBER OPTIC
- 7. (1) COAXIAL CABLE Coaxialcable is commonly used by cable operators, telephone companies, and internet providers around the world to convey data, video, and voice communications to customers. It has also been used extensively within homes. Coaxial cable is a type of cable that has an inner conductor surrounded by an insulating layer, surrounded by a conductive shielding. Many also have an insulating outer jacket The diagram below illustrates the construction of a typical cable. Electrical signal flows through 1. Center Conductor 2. Center Conductor bond 3. Dielectric 4. First Outer Conductor 5. Second Outer Conductor 6. Third Outer Conductor 7. Fourth Outer Conductor 8. Corrosion Resistant Protectant 9. Jacket 10. Integral Messenger
- 8. (1) COAXIAL CABLE Themost common type of connector used with coaxial cables is the Bayone-Neill- Concelman (BNC) connector. To help avoid problems with your network, always use the BNC connectors that crimp, rather screw, onto the cable.
- 9. (2) TWISTED PAIR Twistedpair cabling comes in two varieties: shielded and unshielded. Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) is the most popular and is generally the best option for school networks
- 10. (2) TWISTED PAIR Thequality of UTP may vary from telephone-grade wire to extremely high-speed cable. The cable has four pairs of wires inside the jacket. Each pair is twisted with a different number of twists per inch to help eliminate interference from adjacent pairs and other electrical devices. The tighter the twisting, the higher the supported transmission rate and the greater the cost per foot. The EIA/TIA (Electronic Industry Association/Telecommunication Industry Association) has established standards of UTP and rated eight categories of wire as shown in the next slide.
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- 12. (2) TWISTED PAIR Cabletype and its specification
- 13. (2) TWISTED PAIR CATEGORYCABLE SHIELDING The acronyms used to describe the cable shielding have changed over the last several years in order to avoid confusion of the different types of shielding found on Category cables today. The mechanical construction of the Category cables shielding is identified by specific abbreviations. These abbreviations or acronyms were established by the ISO/IEC 11801 standard and adopted by TIA/EIA. The standard abbreviations are as follows: TP = Twisted Pair U = Unshielded F = Foil Shield S= Braided Shield Example:F/UTP F: Describes the overall shielding type U: Describes the shielding of the pairs TP: Describes the Twisted Pairs The code before the slash describes the overall shielding. The second letter after the slash describes the shielding of the individual pairs.
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- 15. (3) FIBER OPTICCABLE Fiber optic cabling consists of a center glass core surrounded by several layers of protective materials. It transmits light rather than electronic signals eliminating the problem of electrical interference. This makes it ideal for certain environments that contain a large amount of electrical interference. It has also made it the standard for connecting networks between buildings, due to its immunity to the effects of moisture and lighting.
- 16. (3) FIBER OPTICCABLE The number of mobile internet users and the proliferation of connected devices have led to the exponential growth in global internet traffic. These traffic will make more network providers to upgrade their networks and introduce more optical assemblies like fiber optic cables, fiber optic connector, fiber optic transceiver, etc.
- 17. (3) FIBER OPTICCABLE Fiber optic connector types are as various as the applications for which they were developed. Different connector types have different characteristics, different advantages and disadvantages, and different performance parameters. But all connectors have the same three basic components: ferrule, connector body, cable, coupling device.
- 18. (3) FIBER OPTICCABLE Ferrule: the ferrule acts as a fiber alignment mechanism and holds the glass fiber. It has a hollowed-out center that forms a tight grip on the fiber. Ferrules are typically made of metal, ceramic or quality plastic. Connector Body: also known as the connector housing, the body holds the ferrule and attaches to the jacket and strengthens members of the fiber cable itself. It is usually constructed of metal or plastic and includes one or more assembled pieces which hold the fiber in place. Coupling Device: coupling device is a part of the connector body that keeps the connector in place when attached to another device like as bulkhead coupler and optical transceiver.
- 19. (3) FIBER OPTICCABLE Fiber Optic Connectors
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- 21. STANDARD ORGANIZATION EIA/TIA (USA) Electrical/Telecommunication IndustriesAssociation ANSI American National Standard Institute ISO/IEC International Organization for Standardization / International Electrotechnical Commission CENELC European Committee for electrotechnical Standardization IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineer
- 22. STANDARD HISTORY ANSI/EIA/TIA 568published in 1991 The 1st Commercial Building Telecommunications Wiring Standard The original document, together with TSB-36 & TSB-40 specified the basic transmission requirements of Category 3, 4 & 5 ANSI/EIA/TIA 568A published in 1995 Recognized Cables for Horizontal Cabling: 4 pair 100 UTP cables (including S/UTP) 2 pair 150 STP cables (IBM TYPE-1A) 2 fiber 62.5/125µ and 50/125µ fiber-optic cable
- 23. STANDARD HISTORY ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B Series ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1 GeneralInfrastructure requirements Copper and Fiber ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2 Copper requirements Cat3, Cat5, Cat5E ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.3 Fiber requirements
- 24. STANDARD HISTORY ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B-2 Series(COPPER) B-2.1 Category 6 specifications B-2.2 Balanced Twisted-Pair Cabling Components B-2.3 IL & RL Pass/Fail Determination B-2.4 Solderless Connection Reliability Requirements for Copper Connecting Hardware B-2.5 Corrections to TIA/EIA-568-B.2 B-2.6 Cat 6 Related Component Test Procedures B-2.7 Reliability Specification Requirements for Copper Connecting Hardware B-2.8 Additional Component Req. for DTE Power B-2.9 Additional Cat 6 Balance Requirements & Measurement Procedures B-2.10 Augmented Cat 6 Cabling (10G)) B-2.11 increased UTP and ScTP Cable Diameter
- 25. STANDARD HISTORY ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B-3 Series(FIBER) B-3.1 Laser Optimized (OM-3) MM – 10 Gigabit TSB 140 – Additional Guidelines for Field-Testing Length, Loss and Polarity of Optical Fiber Cabling Systems
- 26. STANDARD HISTORY CELENC EN50173-1 EN 50173-1 General Requirements EN 50173-2 Office (Commercial) Premises EN 50173-3 Industrial Premises EN 50173-4 Residential Premises EN 50173-5 Data Centers
- 27. TESTING PARAMETERS Commercial BuildingTelecommunications Cabling Standard Link - The transmission between any two interfaces of generic cabling without equipment & work area cables (where an optional transition connection is allowed) Maximum Link length is 90 Mtrs Channel - The end-to-end transmission path connectingany two pieces of application specific equipment with equipment & work area cables Maximum Channel length is 100 Mtrs
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