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Abstract Expressionism
- 1. Abstract ExpressionismAbstract Expressionism ByJason Brown, Jai Govind, Michael Ung
- 2. Brief History First appearedin New York City after World WarAn art movement in mid 20th century The roots of abstract expressionism goes back to Russian- born painter Wassily Kandinsky European painters inspired the use of Abstract Expressionism
- 3. The New YorkSchool Informal group of American poets, painters, dancers, and musicians active in the 1950s – 1960s in NYC. The artists often used Surrealism as an inspiration
- 4. Influences Figurative paintings ofthe 1930s Great Depression Era Social Realism Regionalist The Museum of Modern Art
- 5. Criticism Rejected the movementfor its artistic value John Canaday “Happy New Year” Artists had a hard time appealing to critics during the first few years The artists were torn between independent objectives and pressures of war and society Critics loved the main artists but hated those who tried to follow them
- 6. Action Painting • Createdby Jackson Pollock • Definition: spontaneously splattering, smearing, or dripping paint onto a canvas • Improvised with emphasis on the act of painting • The final work was only an artistic object, not the art • Term coined by the critic Harold Rosenberg • Other notable action painters: Lee Krasner, Willem de Kooning, and Franz Kline
- 7. Jackson Pollock Born January28, 1912, in Cody Wyoming Father abandoned his family when he was eight 1930, followed his oldest brother to NY Used unconventional objects and methods to paint Started naming his works only with numbers Influenced by Picasso, Miró, Siquieros, and the Surrealists
- 8. Pollock’s Wife Lee Krasner,born October 27, 1908 Started early to be an artists. 1926, enrolled at Cooper Union for the Advancement of Art and Science; 1928, transferred to the National Academy of Design where she painted her first important work SelfPortrait in 1930 Pollock helped her mature as an artist, and she helped him a little as well 1953-1955 she made a significant technical move into the medium of collage
- 9. Criticisms Many believe hisart did not take talent Bruno Alfieri was one of the most outspoken critics Claimed, “It is easy to detect the following things in all of his paintings: chaos; absolute lack of harmony; complete lack of structural organization; total absence of technique, however rudimentary; once again, chaos.”
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- 11. (left) Going West(1934-35)
- 12. Imperative – Krasnercollage
- 13. Franz Kline (1910-1962) Bornin Wilkes, PA Complicated childhood: Father committed suicide. Mother remarried. His mother sent him to an institution afterwards for fatherless boys (orphanage). Left on his own, Kline worked as a cartoonist for his high school newspaper. Attended Boston University. Later Heatherly’s School for Art in London.
- 14. Influence After returning toNew York from London, he worked odd jobs. Much of his is early art works were shaped around the Old Masters. 1943- He met Willem de Kooning and began to frequent the Cedar Bar. Under the Abstract Expressionists, he abandoned figuration and adopted the gestural abstract technique. He experimented and explored black and white palette of ink on paper sketches.
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- 16. Style He used theblack and white palette technique on canvases using house-paint and brushes. He always used house-paint because it has low viscosity. His abstract paintings were usually of furniture like chairs, tables, and ordinary household items. Phonebooks.
- 17. Projector Kline’s paper sketchesexpanded his palette technique because he later enlarged those with the projector.
- 18. Painting Number 2(1954)
- 19. Color Field Painting Lessfocused on the process of making the art Tension created by overlapping and interacting areas of flat colors Area of colors can be amorphous or clearly geometric Often painted on huge canvases Began around 1950
- 20. Color Field Painting •Key Characteristics: • Bright, local colors • Emphasize the flatness of the canvas or paper • Tension between the colors and shapes • Interactions of shapes through overlapping or interpenetrations blurs spacial distinctions • Encourages the viewer to experience the color as an enormous,
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- 24. Willem de Kooning BornApril 24, 1904 and died March 19, 1997 Dutch-born American painter who was one of the key artist in AbEx Painted both styles Went to Rotterdam Academy of Fine Arts and Techniques for eight years He moved to America as a stowaway in 1926 Influenced by Arshile Gorky in 1938 In 1940s he started his Women series and other biomorphic forms
- 25. Willem de Kooning •In 1946, de Kooning became too poor to afford supplies so he turned to black and white household enamels • De Kooning’s style was an emphasis on complex figures • Late 1950s – early 1960s : de Kooning entered a new phase of pure abstraction and landscape • Later on in his life, de Kooning was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease
- 26. Willem de Kooning •Main techniques: • Main style was “Action Painting” • Spontaneous brushwork • Abstract shapes to represent real world items • Human figures and landscapes • Would sometimes start on his art and then finish it at a later time
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- 30. Women Series Began topaint his Women series in 1950 Used experiences from his life as influences Represented the conflicting feelings of his mother and woman Released his inner feelings that were locked inside of him
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- 32. Mark Rothko Born in1903 in Dvinsk, Russia As a child, we remembered the local beating of Jews in his hometown. His paintings were described by many people to be like going to the cinema. Rothko wanted to evoke emotional response from his viewers.
- 33. Style/Frames Rothko’s paintings arethinly washed layers of colors that interact and swim into another. His paintings are not framed because he believed that framed paintings were considered to be imaginary. He layered color over color over color in his paintings which shows the complexity in his paintings. He wanted the viewers to stand in the painting to admire it, and so he had them hung low on the walls.
- 34. Slow Swirl atthe Edge of the Sea (1944)
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- 42. Barnett Newmann Born 1905in New York City, New York Worked on Expressionist art in 1930s Pushed Color Field Painting to its limits Very huge paintings and “Zips”
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- 44. Summary and Ending Thereis no real ending date; however, the movement went from the 1940s through the 50s Followed by Pop Art Came out of the Great Depression and a need to express the subconscious (Surrealism did not have the “real” element needed) Brought art focus from Europe to America Allowed artists to be innovative, led by the abstract expressionism artists, but still their own style