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Functional domains of Gcn5p include a C-terminal bromodomain, which is required for SAGA-mediated nucleosomal acetylation, the HAT domain, and an Ada2p interaction domain (17, 22, 23). Ada2p is a transcriptional coactivator, also found in ADA, SAGA, and SLIK/SALSA, whose presence enhances Gcn5p HAT activity (22, 24). Gcn5p-containing HAT complexes are recruited to specific promoters by the transcriptional activator Gcn4p (25, 26). Although it does not affect the enzyme's in vitro activity, post-translational modification of Gcn5p by sumoylation has also been suggested to contribute to the regulation of transcription (27).

Although histone H4 is not a direct target of Gcn5p in vivo, GCN5 deletion results in decreased acetylation of H4 sites (28). gcn5 mutations also cause disruption of chromatin structure, transcriptional defects at promoter regions, and meiotic arrest in diploid cells (29, 30, 31). Homologs of Gcn5p have been identified in Toxoplasma gondii, S. pombe, Tetrahymena, Arabidopsis, Drosophila, mouse, and human. Mammals have two Gcn5p homologs, the closely related proteins GCN5L2 (OMIM) and p300/CREB-binding protein-associated factor (PCAF; OMIM) (reviewed in 2).", "date_edited": "2006-04-25"}, "literature_overview": {"primary_count": 300, "additional_count": 302, "review_count": 163, "go_count": 13, "phenotype_count": 36, "disease_count": 0, "interaction_count": 261, "regulation_count": 17, "ptm_count": 5, "funComplement_count": 0, "htp_count": 68, "total_count": 901}, "disease_overview": {"manual_disease_terms": [], "htp_disease_terms": [], "computational_annotation_count": 0, "date_last_reviewed": null}, "ecnumbers": [{"display_name": "2.3.1.48", "link": "/ecnumber/EC:2.3.1.48"}], "URS_ID": null, "main_strain": "S288C", "regulation_overview": {"regulator_count": 1, "target_count": 875, "paragraph": {"text": "Gcn5p is the catalytic acetyltransferase subunit of three chromatin modifying histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complexes that regulate gene expression: ADA, SAGA and SLIK (SAGA-like)/SALSA. Gcn5p targets N-terminal lysine residues K11/K16 and K9/K14/K18/K23/K27 in histones H2B and H3 respectively. While recombinant Gcn5p acts on free histones, in association with HAT complexes, Gcn5p acetylates histones contained in nucleosomes which facilitates chromatin accessibility for binding of additional transcription factors and the transcriptional preinitiation complex. The ADA, SAGA and SLIK/SALSA complexes also regulate the retrograde response which involves signal transduction from the mitochondria to the nucleus. In response to hypoxia, nuclear Gcn5p relocalizes to the cytosol.", "date_edited": "2016-10-15", "references": [{"id": 629405, "display_name": "Grant PA, et al. (1997)", "citation": "Grant PA, et al. (1997) Yeast Gcn5 functions in two multisubunit complexes to acetylate nucleosomal histones: characterization of an Ada complex and the SAGA (Spt/Ada) complex. Genes Dev 11(13):1640-50", "pubmed_id": 9224714, "link": "/reference/S000045957", "year": 1997, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.11.13.1640"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9224714"}]}, {"id": 460823, "display_name": "Koutelou E, et al. (2010)", "citation": "Koutelou E, et al. (2010) Multiple faces of the SAGA complex. Curr Opin Cell Biol 22(3):374-82", "pubmed_id": 20363118, "link": "/reference/S000133667", "year": 2010, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceb.2010.03.005"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2900470/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20363118"}]}, {"id": 397497, "display_name": "Dastidar RG, et al. (2012)", "citation": "Dastidar RG, et al. (2012) The nuclear localization of SWI/SNF proteins is subjected to oxygen regulation. Cell Biosci 2(1):30", "pubmed_id": 22932476, "link": "/reference/S000150673", "year": 2012, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2045-3701-2-30"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3489556/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22932476"}]}, {"id": 378856, "display_name": "Lim S, et al. (2013)", "citation": "Lim S, et al. (2013) Separation of a functional deubiquitylating module from the SAGA complex by the proteasome regulatory particle. Nat Commun 4:2641", "pubmed_id": 24136112, "link": "/reference/S000155491", "year": 2013, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3641"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24136112"}]}]}}, "reference_mapping": {"629668": 1, "585423": 2, "548312": 3, "621519": 4, "412599": 5, "496894": 6, "414052": 7, "397202": 8, "397497": 9, "1907365": 10, "594392": 11, "549611": 12, "548315": 13, "634771": 14, "629405": 15, "648214": 16, "639334": 17, "555555": 18, "557238": 19, "641621": 20, "540172": 21, "593760": 22, "547429": 23, "645504": 24, "580369": 25, "531054": 26, "524776": 27, "585446": 28, "643643": 29, "620410": 30, "649311": 31, "633904": 32, "622573": 33, "620134": 34, "492457": 35}, "history": [{"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: AAS104", "date_created": "2010-03-04", "references": [{"id": 620134, "display_name": "Thireos G, et al. (1984)", "citation": "Thireos G, et al. (1984) 5' untranslated sequences are required for the translational control of a yeast regulatory gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 81(16):5096-100", "pubmed_id": 6433345, "link": "/reference/S000049088", "year": 1984, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.81.16.5096"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC391644/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6433345"}]}]}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: ADA4", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": [{"id": 633904, "display_name": "Marcus GA, et al. (1994)", "citation": "Marcus GA, et al. (1994) Functional similarity and physical association between GCN5 and ADA2: putative transcriptional adaptors. EMBO J 13(20):4807-15", "pubmed_id": 7957049, "link": "/reference/S000044435", "year": 1994, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06806.x"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC395419/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7957049"}]}]}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: GCN5", "date_created": "2000-05-19", "references": [{"id": 629668, "display_name": "Georgakopoulos T and Thireos G (1992)", "citation": "Georgakopoulos T and Thireos G (1992) Two distinct yeast transcriptional activators require the function of the GCN5 protein to promote normal levels of transcription. EMBO J 11(11):4145-52", "pubmed_id": 1396595, "link": "/reference/S000045869", "year": 1992, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05507.x"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC556924/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1396595"}]}]}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: KAT2", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": [{"id": 492457, "display_name": "Allis CD, et al. (2007)", "citation": "Allis CD, et al. (2007) New nomenclature for chromatin-modifying enzymes. Cell 131(4):633-6", "pubmed_id": 18022353, "link": "/reference/S000125239", "year": 2007, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2007.10.039"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18022353"}]}]}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: SWI9", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": [{"id": 622573, "display_name": "Breeden L and Nasmyth K (1987)", "citation": "Breeden L and Nasmyth K (1987) Cell cycle control of the yeast HO gene: cis- and trans-acting regulators. Cell 48(3):389-97", "pubmed_id": 3542227, "link": "/reference/S000048261", "year": 1987, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(87)90190-5"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3542227"}]}]}], "complexes": [{"format_name": "CPX-608", "display_name": "ADA complex"}, {"format_name": "CPX-656", "display_name": "SAGA complex"}, {"format_name": "CPX-675", "display_name": "SLIK (SAGA-like) complex"}]}, tabs: {"id": 1278263, "protein_tab": true, "interaction_tab": true, "summary_tab": true, "go_tab": true, "sequence_section": true, "expression_tab": true, "phenotype_tab": true, "literature_tab": true, "wiki_tab": false, "regulation_tab": true, "sequence_tab": true, "history_tab": true, "homology_tab": true, "disease_tab": false} }; GCN5 | SGD

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GCN5 / YGR252W Overview

Standard Name
GCN5 1
Systematic Name
YGR252W
SGD ID
SGD:S000003484
Aliases
ADA4 32 , SWI9 33 , AAS104 34 , KAT2 35
Feature Type
ORF , Verified
Description
Catalytic subunit of ADA and SAGA histone acetyltransferase complexes; modifies N-terminal lysines on histones H2B and H3; acetylates Rsc4p, a subunit of the RSC chromatin-remodeling complex, altering replication stress tolerance; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; mutant displays reduced transcription elongation in the G-less-based run-on (GLRO) assay; greater involvement in repression of RNAPII-dependent transcription than in activation 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10
Name Description
General Control Nonderepressible 4
Comparative Info
Sequence Details

Sequence

The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.

Analyze Sequence

S288C only

BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation

S288C vs. other species

BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi

S288C vs. other strains

Strain Alignment | Variant Viewer

Protein Details

Protein

Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.

Summary
Relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia
Length (a.a.)
439
Mol. Weight (Da)
51065.8
Isoelectric Point
6.62
Median Abundance (molecules/cell)
2135 +/- 870
Half-life (hr)
7.6

Alleles

Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.

View all GCN5 alleles in SGD search

Gene Ontology Details

Gene Ontology

GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.

Summary
Subunit of SAGA, ADA, and SLIK histone acetyltransferase complexes involved ih chromatin modification and transcription regulation

View computational annotations

Molecular Function

Manually Curated

Biological Process

Manually Curated

Cellular Component

Manually Curated

Complex

Macromolecular complex annotations are imported from the Complex Portal. These annotations have been derived from physical molecular interaction evidence extracted from the literature and cross-referenced in the entry, or by curator inference from information on homologs in closely related species or by inference from scientific background.

Phenotype Details

Phenotype

Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.

Summary
Non-essential gene in reference strain S288C; null mutants grow slowly, have increased lifespan, flocculate more readily, cannot utilize glutamine or maltose, have abnormal spindles and buds, decreased ethanol tolerance, are defective in endocytosis, are sensitive to heat, metals, nucleotide analogs, TOR inhibitor rapamycin and various antibiotics, and are auxotrophic for myo-inositol; overexpression slows vegetative growth, increases lifespan, enhances invasive growth

Classical Genetics

null
overexpression
unspecified
reduction of function

Large-scale Survey

null
overexpression
repressible
reduction of function
Interaction Details

Interaction

Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.

1396 total interactions for 654 unique genes

Physical Interactions

  • Affinity Capture-MS: 428
  • Affinity Capture-RNA: 6
  • Affinity Capture-Western: 94
  • Biochemical Activity: 55
  • Co-crystal Structure: 2
  • Co-fractionation: 3
  • Co-localization: 5
  • Co-purification: 31
  • Protein-peptide: 1
  • Reconstituted Complex: 21
  • Two-hybrid: 5

Genetic Interactions

  • Dosage Growth Defect: 2
  • Dosage Lethality: 6
  • Dosage Rescue: 16
  • Negative Genetic: 270
  • Phenotypic Enhancement: 34
  • Phenotypic Suppression: 26
  • Positive Genetic: 62
  • Synthetic Growth Defect: 168
  • Synthetic Lethality: 115
  • Synthetic Rescue: 46
Regulation Details

Regulation

The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.

Summary
Gcn5p is the catalytic acetyltransferase subunit of three chromatin modifying histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complexes that regulate gene expression: ADA, SAGA and SLIK (SAGA-like)/SALSA. Gcn5p targets N-terminal lysine residues K11/K16 and K9/K14/K18/K23/K27 in histones H2B and H3 respectively. While recombinant Gcn5p acts on free histones, in association with HAT complexes, Gcn5p acetylates histones contained in nucleosomes which facilitates chromatin accessibility for binding of additional transcription factors and the transcriptional preinitiation complex. The ADA, SAGA and SLIK/SALSA complexes also regulate the retrograde response which involves signal transduction from the mitochondria to the nucleus. In response to hypoxia, nuclear Gcn5p relocalizes to the cytosol.
Regulators
1
Targets
875
Expression Details

Expression

Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.

Summary Paragraph

A summary of the locus, written by SGD Biocurators following a thorough review of the literature. Links to gene names and curated GO terms are included within the Summary Paragraphs.

Last Updated: 2006-04-25

Literature Details

Literature

All manually curated literature for the specified gene, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review). Click "Literature Details" to view all literature information for this locus, including shared literature between genes.

Primary
300
Additional
302
Reviews
163

Resources

AlphaFold Protein Structure | E.C.2.3.1.48 | Entrez Gene | Entrez RefSeq Protein | FungiDB | Search all NCBI | UniParc | UniProtKB