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Ribosomes are highly conserved large ribonucleoprotein (RNP) particles, consisting in yeast of a large 60S subunit and a small 40S subunit, that perform protein synthesis. Yeast ribosomes contain one copy each of four ribosomal RNAs (5S, 5.8S, 18S, and 25S; produced in two separate transcripts encoded within the rDNA repeat present as hundreds of copies on Chromosome 12) and 79 different ribosomal proteins (r-proteins), which are encoded by 137 different genes scattered about the genome, 59 of which are duplicated (7, 5). The 60S subunit contains 46 proteins and three RNA molecules: 25S RNA of 3392 nt, hydrogen bonded to the 5.8S RNA of 158 nt and associated with the 5S RNA of 121 nt. The 40S subunit has a single 18S RNA of 1798 nt and 33 proteins (8, 5). All yeast ribosomal proteins have a mammalian homolog (9).

In a rapidly growing yeast cell, 60% of total transcription is devoted to ribosomal RNA, and 50% of RNA polymerase II transcription and 90% of mRNA splicing are devoted to the production of mRNAs for r-proteins. Coordinate regulation of the rRNA genes and 137 r-protein genes is affected by nutritional cues and a number of signal transduction pathways that can abruptly induce or silence the ribosomal genes, whose transcripts have naturally short lifetimes, leading to major implications for the expression of other genes as well (10, 11, 12). The expression of some r-protein genes is influenced by Abf1p (13), and most are directly induced by binding of Rap1p to their promoters, which excludes nucleosomes and recruits Fhl1p and Ifh1p to drive transcription (14).

Ribosome assembly is a complex process, with different steps occurring in different parts of the cell. Ribosomal protein genes are transcribed in the nucleus, and the mRNA is transported to the cytoplasm for translation. The newly synthesized r-proteins then enter the nucleus and associate in the nucleolus with the two rRNA transcripts, one of which is methylated and pseudouridylated (view sites of modifications), and then cleaved into three individual rRNAs (18S, 5.8S, and 25S) as part of the assembly process (7). Separate ribosomal subunits are then transported from the nucleolus to the cytoplasm where they assemble into mature ribosomes before functioning in translation (15, 16). Blockage of subunit assembly, such as due to inhibition of rRNA synthesis or processing, results in degradation of newly synthesized r-proteins (17, 16). (For more information on the early steps of rRNA processing and small ribosomal subunit assembly, see the summary paragraph for the U3 snoRNA, encoded by snR17A and snR17B.)", "date_edited": "2007-02-14"}, "literature_overview": {"primary_count": 29, "additional_count": 59, "review_count": 7, "go_count": 3, "phenotype_count": 0, "disease_count": 0, "interaction_count": 104, "regulation_count": 6, "ptm_count": 14, "funComplement_count": 0, "htp_count": 37, "total_count": 236}, "disease_overview": {"manual_disease_terms": [], "htp_disease_terms": [], "computational_annotation_count": 0, "date_last_reviewed": null}, "ecnumbers": [], "URS_ID": null, "main_strain": "S288C", "regulation_overview": {"regulator_count": 10, "target_count": 0}, "reference_mapping": {"612181": 1, "592544": 2, "548623": 3, "526423": 4, "397935": 5, "2065584": 6, "592595": 7, "517471": 8, "556638": 9, "631529": 10, "554134": 11, "585697": 12, "608664": 13, "518051": 14, "592541": 15, "508692": 16, "508689": 17, "316136": 18}, "history": [{"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: RPL24A", "date_created": "2000-05-19", "references": [{"id": 551590, "display_name": "SGD (2007)", "citation": "SGD (2007) Information without a citation in SGD ", "pubmed_id": null, "link": "/reference/S000073348", "year": 2007, "urls": []}]}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: rp29", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": [{"id": 592544, "display_name": "Planta RJ and Mager WH (1998)", "citation": "Planta RJ and Mager WH (1998) The list of cytoplasmic ribosomal proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 14(5):471-7", "pubmed_id": 9559554, "link": "/reference/S000058461", "year": 1998, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(19980330)14:5<471::AID-YEA241>3.0.CO;2-U"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9559554"}]}]}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: YL21", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": [{"id": 592544, "display_name": "Planta RJ and Mager WH (1998)", "citation": "Planta RJ and Mager WH (1998) The list of cytoplasmic ribosomal proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 14(5):471-7", "pubmed_id": 9559554, "link": "/reference/S000058461", "year": 1998, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(19980330)14:5<471::AID-YEA241>3.0.CO;2-U"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9559554"}]}]}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: L24A", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": [{"id": 592544, "display_name": "Planta RJ and Mager WH (1998)", "citation": "Planta RJ and Mager WH (1998) The list of cytoplasmic ribosomal proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 14(5):471-7", "pubmed_id": 9559554, "link": "/reference/S000058461", "year": 1998, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(19980330)14:5<471::AID-YEA241>3.0.CO;2-U"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9559554"}]}]}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: L30A", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": [{"id": 592544, "display_name": "Planta RJ and Mager WH (1998)", "citation": "Planta RJ and Mager WH (1998) The list of cytoplasmic ribosomal proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 14(5):471-7", "pubmed_id": 9559554, "link": "/reference/S000058461", "year": 1998, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(19980330)14:5<471::AID-YEA241>3.0.CO;2-U"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9559554"}]}]}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: RPL30A", "date_created": "2010-02-16", "references": []}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: eL24", "date_created": "2016-08-09", "references": [{"id": 316136, "display_name": "Ban N, et al. (2014)", "citation": "Ban N, et al. (2014) A new system for naming ribosomal proteins. Curr Opin Struct Biol 24:165-9", "pubmed_id": 24524803, "link": "/reference/S000182084", "year": 2014, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbi.2014.01.002"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4358319/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24524803"}]}]}, {"category": "Name", "history_type": "LSP", "note": "Name: L24e", "date_created": "2012-11-02", "references": [{"id": 397935, "display_name": "Jenner L, et al. (2012)", "citation": "Jenner L, et al. (2012) Crystal structure of the 80S yeast ribosome. Curr Opin Struct Biol 22(6):759-67", "pubmed_id": 22884264, "link": "/reference/S000150523", "year": 2012, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbi.2012.07.013"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22884264"}]}]}, {"category": "Annotation change", "history_type": "SEQUENCE", "note": "Annotation change: RPL24A/YGL031C mRNA contains an intron in the 5' untranslated region (UTR).", "date_created": "2007-04-04", "references": [{"id": 508230, "display_name": "Juneau K, et al. (2007)", "citation": "Juneau K, et al. (2007) High-density yeast-tiling array reveals previously undiscovered introns and extensive regulation of meiotic splicing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104(5):1522-7", "pubmed_id": 17244705, "link": "/reference/S000120506", "year": 2007, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0610354104"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1780280/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17244705"}]}, {"id": 510418, "display_name": "Miura F, et al. (2006)", "citation": "Miura F, et al. (2006) A large-scale full-length cDNA analysis to explore the budding yeast transcriptome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103(47):17846-51", "pubmed_id": 17101987, "link": "/reference/S000119659", "year": 2006, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0605645103"}, {"display_name": "PMC full text", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1693835/"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17101987"}, {"display_name": "Reference supplement", "link": "http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/0605645103/DC1"}, {"display_name": "Reference supplement", "link": "http://yeast.utgenome.org/"}]}, {"id": 536678, "display_name": "Mitra G and Warner JR (1984)", "citation": "Mitra G and Warner JR (1984) A yeast ribosomal protein gene whose intron is in the 5' leader. J Biol Chem 259(14):9218-24", "pubmed_id": 6086628, "link": "/reference/S000079790", "year": 1984, "urls": [{"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6086628"}]}, {"id": 549853, "display_name": "Cliften P, et al. (2003)", "citation": "Cliften P, et al. (2003) Finding functional features in Saccharomyces genomes by phylogenetic footprinting. Science 301(5629):71-6", "pubmed_id": 12775844, "link": "/reference/S000073948", "year": 2003, "urls": [{"display_name": "DOI full text", "link": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1084337"}, {"display_name": "PubMed", "link": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12775844"}, {"display_name": "Reference supplement", "link": "http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/1084337/DC1"}]}]}], "complexes": []}; RPL24A Homology | SGD

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RPL24A / YGL031C Homology

Standard Name
RPL24A
Systematic Name
YGL031C
SGD ID
SGD:S000002999
Aliases
L24A 2 , L30A 2 , YL21 2 , RPL30A , rp29 2 , L24e 5 , eL24 18
Feature Type
ORF , Verified
Description
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L24A; forms two bridges within ribosome, stimulates translation initiation and elongation; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L24, no bacterial homolog; RPL24A has a paralog, RPL24B, that arose from the whole genome duplication 1 2 3 4 5 6
Name Description
Ribosomal Protein of the Large subunit
Paralog
RPL24B 4
Comparative Info

Homologs

Homology calls are sourced from the Alliance of Genome Resources. Many aspects of data integration presented at the Alliance require a common set of orthology relationships among genes for the organisms represented, including human. The Alliance provides the results of all methods that have been benchmarked by the Quest for Orthologs Consortium (QfO). The homolog inferences from the different methods have been integrated using the DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool (DIOPT), which integrates a number of existing methods including those used by the Alliance: Ensembl Compara, HGNC, Hieranoid, InParanoid, OMA, OrthoFinder, OrthoInspector, PANTHER, PhylomeDB, Roundup, TreeFam, and ZFIN.

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Species Gene ID Gene name Source

Functional Complementation

Information about cross-species functional complementation between yeast and other species, curated by SGD and the Princeton Protein Orthology Database (P-POD).

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Gene Species Gene ID Strain background Direction Details Source Reference

Fungal Homologs

Fungal Homology calls are sourced from AllianceMine, which compiles fungal homology calls from FungiDB, CGD, Panther, PomBase, TreeFam, HomoloGene, and SGD.

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Species Gene ID Gene name Description Source

External Identifiers

List of external identifiers for the protein from various database sources.

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External ID Source

Resources

Homologs

AGD | AnalogYeast | BLASTP at NCBI | CGD | FungiDB | PhylomeDB | PomBase | PomBase | YGOB | YOGY

Protein Databases

AlphaFold Protein Structure | GPMDB | ModelArchive | Pfam domains | SUPERFAMILY | TopologYeast | UniProtKB

Localization

CYCLoPs | dHITS | LoQAtE | YeastGFP | YeastRC Public Images | YeastRGB | YPL+

Post-translational Modifications

PhosphoGRID | PhosphoPep

S288C only

BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation

S288C vs. other species

BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi

S288C vs. other strains

Strain Alignment | Variant Viewer

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