Lesson-4-Elements-and-Principles-of-Arts-Copy.pptx

Lesson 4
Elements and Principles of Art
(Visual Design Elements, and Principles of Visual Design)

Objectives:
At the end of the lesson you must be able to:
• Identify the elements and principles of elements of visual
design;
• Give the significance of elements and principles of visual
design in real life application; and
• Create a photo collage using elements and principles of
visual design.

Topics to be tackled:
• Six integral components/elements in the creation of
design*
- Lines - Space
- Color - Texture
- Form/Shape - Value
• Five principles that encompass as interesting design*
- Balance - Proportion and Scale
- Rhythm - Unity
- Emphasis

Six Integral Components in the Creation of
Design
1. Line - The first and most basic element of design is the line. In
design, a line is any two connected points. These lines can be
straight or curved, and may be smooth, rough, continuous,
broken, thick, or thin. Lines can also create subliminal languages
in your design. A diagonal line, for example, suggests
movement; a straight line is more orderly and clean.
- Vertical: Represents dignity, formality, stability, and strength.
- Horizontal: Represents peace and relaxation
- Diagonal: Represents action, activity, excitement and movement
- Curved: Represents freedom, the natural, having the appearance of
softness and creates a soothing feeling or mood.

Design
2. Color – Color has an immediate and profound effect on a
design. It can affect how humans feel and act. Designers can
use common associations to their advantage and use it to
provoke desired thoughts and emotions.*
- Warm Colors: Reds, Oranges, Yellows
- Cool Colors: Blues, Purples, Greens

Design
3. Form/Shape – The next element of design is shape, when a
two-dimensional line encloses an area. A shape can be geometric
(like a circle, triangle, or square), or it can be organic (such as
leaves, flowers, and animals). Boundaries—including lines and
color—ultimately define shapes and can also help emphasize an
area of the page.

Design
3. Space – Space refers to the area above, below, around, or behind an object. It can be positive
or negative. Positive space refers to the subject or areas of interest, such as a person’s face or
furniture in a room. Negative (or “white”) space, on the other hand, refers to the
background area that surrounds the subject or areas of interest.
- When used correctly, negative space plays a pivotal role in the success of your
design. It has the ability to:
• Enhance readability — A larger white space ensures your text doesn’t have to compete with
other design elements.
• Simplify your design — White space breaks your design into chunks so that you do not
overwhelm your reader’s eye.
• Complete an image — Humans naturally see closed shapes. Therefore, when a shape or
element is incomplete, the white space can help your reader unconsciously fill the gaps.
• Add a sense of luxury — “Less is more” can create a sense of sophistication in your design.

Design
4.Texture – Texture refers to the way a surface
feels—or in this case of a digital design, a
perception of how it could feel. Texture can
create a more dynamic, visually appealing
experience while also adding depth to your
design.

Design
5. Value – Value simply refers to how light or dark
design elements appears. White is the lightest value,
while black is the darkest. Value can be used to evoke
feelings or moods. Dark values tend to indicate feelings
of drama, mystery or gloom while light values can
indicate warmth, fun and happiness.*

Five Principles that Encompass an
Interesting Design
1. Balance
Balance is the distribution of the
visual weight of objects, colors, texture,
and space. If the design was a scale, these
elements should be balanced to make a
design feel stable. In symmetrical balance,
the elements used on one side of the
design are similar to those on the other
side; in asymmetrical balance, the sides
are different but still look balanced. In
radial balance, the elements are arranged
around a central point and may be similar.

Interesting Design
2. Rhythm
Rhythm is created when one or
more elements of design are used
repeatedly to create a feeling of
organized movement. Rhythm creates a
mood like music or dancing. To keep
rhythm exciting and active, variety is
essential.

Interesting Design
3. Emphasis
Emphasis is the part of the
design that catches the viewer’s
attention. Usually the artist will make
one area stand out by contrasting it
with other areas. The area could be
different in size, color, texture, shape,
etc.

Interesting Design
4. Proportion
Proportion is the
feeling of unity created when
all parts (sizes, amounts, or
number) relate well with each
other. When drawing the
human figure, proportion can
refer to the size of the head
compared to the rest of the
body.*

Interesting Design
5. Unity (harmony)
Unity is the feeling of harmony
between all parts of the work of art,
which creates a sense of completeness.

ImportanceoftheElementsandPrinciplesof VisualDesign
inreallife
The principles of design are made up of various mixes of the elements of design all put together
in one picture, making the picture look better. When more than one principle is used together, an
artist can create artwork that will amaze people and get good publicity, hopefully benefiting the
artist who made them.
When you as an artist who’s creating an artwork the principles of design become very important
to it. They are the devices that you need to use and will unknowingly use since they make your
images look nicer and become more visually appealing to people who are looking at your work.
The principles that you can use to make your image stand out and catch other people’s eyes are
ones like contrast, the center of interest, repetition, and rhythm, while ones that help make your
image more visually appealing are ones like harmony, the direction of movement, and balance.
Not all work needs to have a lot of these principles but almost all of them have at least one, even
abstract art or optical illusions use two or more to create an image that attracts the viewer’s eyes
and makes their eyes want to look at it.
That is why the principles are important, too make your artwork look visually appealing, catch
people’s eyes.

Lesson-4-Elements-and-Principles-of-Arts-Copy.pptx

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