Green 2 d_01introduction

The Elements and Principles
of Design

The Elements of Design
The building blocks
or ingredients of art.

LINE A mark with length and direction.
A continuous mark made on a surface by a moving
point.
Ansel Adams Gustave Caillebotte

COLOR
Consists of Hue (another
word for color), Intensity
(brightness) and Value
(lightness or darkness).
Henri Matisse Alexander Calder

VALUE The lightness or darkness of a color.
MC Escher Pablo Picasso

SHAPE
An enclosed area defined and determined by
other art elements; 2-dimensional.
Joan
Miro

FORM A 3-dimensional object;or something in a 2-dimensional
artwork that appears to be 3-dimensional.
For example, a triangle, which is 2-dimensional, is a shape, but a pyramid,
which is 3-dimensional, is a form.
Jean Arp Lucien Freud

Robert Mapplethorpe
Claude Monet
S P A C E
The distance or area between, around, above, below, or within things.
Positive (filled with something)
and Negative (empty areas).Foreground, Middleground and
Background (creates DEPTH)

TEXTURE
The surface quality or "feel" of an object, its smoothness,
roughness, softness, etc. Textures may be actual or implied.

The Principles of Design
What we use to organize the
Elements of Design,
or the tools to make art…or
make art interesting.

BALANCEThe way the elements are arranged to create a feeling
of stability in a work.
Alexander Calder

Symmetrical Balance
The parts of an image are organized
so that one side mirrors the other.
Leonardo DaVinci

Asymmetrical Balance
When one side of a composition does
not reflect the design of the other.
James Whistler

EMPHASIS
The focal point of an image, or when one area
or thing stand out the most.
Jim Dine Gustav Klimt

CONTRAST
A large difference between two things to create interest and tension.
High contrast areas can point to a focal point, grabbing the viewers
attention, where lower contrast areas seem to show subtle changes.
Ansel Adams
Salvador Dali

RHYTHM
A regular repetition of
elements to produce the look
and feel of movement.
and
MOVEMENT
Marcel
Duchamp

PATTERN
and Repetition
Repetition of a design.
Gustav Klimt

UNITY
When all the
elements and
principles
work together
to create a
pleasing
image.
Johannes Vermeer

VARIETY
The use of
differences and
change to
increase the
visual interest
of the work.
Marc Chagall

PROPORTION
The comparative relationship of one part to
another with respect to size, quantity, or degree;
SCALE.
Gustave
Caillebotte

Green 2 d_01introduction

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Editor's Notes