Progesterone is a female steroid hormone that helps prepare the body for pregnancy and balance estrogen levels, often prescribed for various hormonal conditions. Low progesterone can lead to symptoms such as low libido, mood swings, and infertility issues, while progesterone therapy may alleviate premenstrual symptoms and support implantation. Women experiencing irregular periods or signs of estrogen dominance, particularly during perimenopause, should consult their healthcare provider regarding potential progesterone treatment.