Abstract
Endocytosis is a regulated physiological process by which cell surface proteins are internalized along with extracellular factors such as nutrients, pathogens, peptides, toxins, etc. The process begins with the invagination of small regions of the plasma membrane which ultimately form intracellullar vesicles. These internalized vesicles may shuttle back to the plasma membrane to recycle the membrane components or they may be targeted for degradation. One role for endocytosis is in the attenuation of receptor signaling. For example, desensitization of activated membrane bound receptors such as G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) or receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) occurs, in part, through endocytosis of the activated receptor. However, accumulating evidence suggests that endocytosis also mediates intracellular signaling. In this review, we discuss the experimental data that implicate endocytosis as a critical component in cellular signal transduction, both in the initiation of a signal as well as in the termination of a signal. Furthermore, we focus our attention on a recently described adaptor protein, intersectin (ITSN), which provides a link to both the endocytic and the mitogenic machinery of a cell. Thus, ITSN functions at a crossroad in the biochemical regulation of cell function.
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Acknowledgements
This review was not meant to be an exhaustive review of the endocytosis literature but rather we sought to highlight examples of the link between endocytosis and mitogenic signaling. Thus, we apologise to any of our colleagues that we have neglected to cite. The authors wish to thank Drs Peter McPherson, Channing Der and Natalie Lamarche-Vane for communicating unpublished information, Dr Peter McPherson for comments on the manuscript, and Drs David Armstrong and Peter McPherson for many insightful discussions.
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O'Bryan, J., Mohney, R. & Oldham, C. Mitogenesis and endocytosis: What's at the INTERSECTIoN?. Oncogene 20, 6300â6308 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1204773
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1204773
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