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Web Server And Database Server
The document provides information about web servers, database servers, and popular open source software used for each. It discusses what a web server and database server are, how they work, examples of common software like Apache and MySQL, and steps to install and configure Apache and MySQL on Ubuntu.
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Web Server And Database Server
- 1. A presentation on webserver & Database Server 1
- 2. What is aweb server? "Web server" can refer to hardware or software, or both of them working together. 2
- 3. On the hardwareside, a web server is a computer that stores web server software and a website's component files (e.g. HTML documents, images, CSS stylesheets, and JavaScript files). It is connected to the Internet and supports physical data interchange with other devices connected to the web. Hardware Side 3
- 4. On the softwareside, a web server includes several parts that control how web users access hosted files, at minimum an HTTP server. An HTTP server is a piece of software that understands URLs (web addresses) and HTTP (the protocol your browser uses to view webpages). It can be accessed through the domain names (like mozilla.org)of websites it stores, and delivers their content to the end-user's device. Software Side 4
- 5. At the mostbasic level, whenever a browser needs a file which is hosted on a web server, the browser requests the file via HTTP. When the request reaches the correct web server (hardware), the HTTP server (software) accepts request, finds the requested document (if it doesn't then a 404 response is returned), and sends it back to the browser, also through HTTP. 5
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- 7. To publish awebsite, you need either a static or a dynamic web server. A static web server, or stack, consists of a computer (hardware) with an HTTP server (software). We call it "static" because the server sends its hosted files "as-is" to your browser. A dynamic web server consists of a static web server plus extra software, most commonly an application server and a database. We call it "dynamic" because the application server updates the hosted files before sending them to your browser via the HTTP server. 7
- 8. What is aDatabase server? A database server is a server which houses a database application that provides database services to other computer programs or to computers, as defined by the client–server model. 8
- 9. Database management systems(DBMSs) frequently provide database-server functionality, and some database management systems (such as MySQL) rely exclusively on the client–server model for database access (while others e.g. SQLite are meant for using as an embedded database) 9
- 10. Users access adatabase server either through a "front end" running on the user's computer – which displays requested data – or through the "back end", which runs on the server and handles tasks such as data analysis and storage. Most database applications respond to a query language. Each database understands its query language and converts each submitted query to server- readable form and executes it to retrieve results. For clarification, a database server is simply a server that maintains services related to clients via database applications. 10
- 11. Why do mostservers run on Linux OS? 11
- 12. There are manyreasons that most servers on the Internet run Linux. 12
- 13. Software: Web servers,caches, FTP servers, web applications, DNS severs, and on and on. They are available for Linux and Unix first and in a wide variety. History: Windows was designed for the single user desktop, whereas Unix was designed as a multiuser networked machine early on, even before Windows existed. Secondly, Unix was commercial, and the BSDs were tied up in court when Linux rose to power. 13
- 14. Price: Linux systemsare free. A company can grab a Linux variant and have an industrial strength server for free. Sure, they can get support and such if they pay - but the fact is many companies let support go. Security: Linux was designed as a multiuser environment from the start, as was Unix. Windows had to be retrofitted with multiuser support, and the user base was used to their Windows system being all their own. 14
- 15. Top open source webserver Software's 15
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- 20. 20 Apache The Apache HTTPserver is a software (or program) that runs in the background under an appropriate operating system, which supports multi-tasking, and provides services to other applications that connect to it, such as client web browsers. It was first developed to work with Linux/Unix operating systems, but was later adapted to work under other systems, including Windows and Mac. The Apache binary running under UNIX is called HTTPd (short for HTTP daemon), and under win32 is called Apache.exe.
- 21. Apache HTTP Server Apacheis the most popular web server (after which comes Microsoft's IIS) available. The reasons behind its popularity, to name a few, are: It is free to download and install. It is open source: the source code is visible to anyone and everyone, which basically enables anyone (who can rise up to the challenge) to adjust the code, optimize it, and fix errors and security holes. People can add new features and write new modules. It suits all needs: Apache can be used for small websites of one or two pages, or huge websites of hundreds and thousands of pages, serving millions of regular visitors each month. It can serve both static and dynamic content. 21
- 22. 22 How Apache Works Apache'smain role is all about communication over networks, and it uses the TCP/IP protocol (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol which allows devices with IP addresses within the same network to communicate with one another). The TCP/IP protocol is a set of rules that define how clients make requests and how servers respond, and determine how data is transmitted, delivered, received, and acknowledged. The Apache server is set up to run through configuration files, in which directives are added to control its behavior. In its idle state, Apache listens to the IP addresses identified in its config file (HTTPd.conf). Whenever it receives a request, it analyzes the headers, applies the rules specified for it in the Config file, and takes action.
- 23. 23 General Structure Regardless ofthe platform used, a hosted website will typically have four main directories: htdocs, conf, logs, cgi- bin. Htdocs: is the default Apache web server document directory, meaning it is the public directory whose contents are usually available for clients connecting through the web. It contains all static pages and dynamic content to be served once an HTTP request for them is received. Conf: is the directory where all server configuration files are located. Configuration files are basically plain text files where directives are added to control the web server's behaviour and functionality. Logs: is the directory where server logs are kept, and includes Apache access logs and error logs. The Apache HTTP Server provides a variety of different mechanisms for logging everything that happens on it. cgi-bin: is the directory where CGI scripts are kept. The CGI (Common Gateway Interface) defines a way for a web server to interact with external content-generating programs, which are often referred to as CGI programs or CGI scripts. These are programs or shell scripts that are written to be executed by Apache on behalf of its clients.
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- 25. 25 MySQL is oneof the most popular open source database management systems. It is widely used in websites and web applications to store data. Irrespective of its extensive use and acceptance by developers, MySQL requires backups when deployed in a production environment. MySQL is a relational database management system (DBMS or RDBMS) owned by Oracle. MySQL MySQL is based on client-server model. The core part of MySQL is MySQL Server . MySQL Server is used to handle database commands .The MySQL Server is fast , scalable and easy to use. MySQL can be used with different languages using certain connectors.
- 26. 26 Installation of the ApacheWeb Server on Ubuntu
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- 40. 40 Install MySQL Allow remoteaccess Start the MySQL service Launch at reboot
- 41. Start the MySQLshell Set the root password View users
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- 46. 46 Grant database userpermissions
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- 48. After running apacheserver port 80 is listening for http request 48
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