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topic 5 PRINCIPLE OF PERSPECTIVE DRAWING.pdf
- 1. Topic 5 PRINCIPLES OFPERSPECTIVE DRAWING A222 STIV1063 DRAWING PRINCIPLES (D) JASNI AHMAD JUNE.2024
- 2. Content 5.1 Introduction toPerspective 5.2 The terminology of Perspective 5.3 Perspective and Cubes 5.4 Using Perspective Grid
- 3. 5.1 Introduction toPerspective Perspective refers to the technique of representing three-dimensional objects or scenes on a two-dimensional surface such as paper or canvas, in a way that creates the illusion of depth and spatial relationships. Perspective is achieved through the use of various techniques such as vanishing points, converging lines, and foreshortening. These techniques enable the artist to create the illusion of depth and distance by simulating the way objects appear in the real world. Overall, perspective is an essential skill for any artist who wants to create realistic and convincing images, whether in traditional media
- 4. 5.1.1 Types ofPerspective ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ There are five main types of perspective used in drawing and art: one-point perspective, two- point perspective, three-point perspective, atmospheric, and linear perspective. Each type of perspective is used to create a different type of illusion of depth and space. Here are a few examples: One-point Two-point Three-point Atmospheric Linear perspective
- 5. 5.1.1 Type ofPerspective One-point perspective, also known as linear perspective, is used to create the illusion of depth and space in a scene by using a single vanishing point on the horizon line. This type of perspective is often used for drawing landscapes or architectural scenes with a single point of focus. In one-point perspective, all parallel lines that recede into the distance appear to converge at a single point on the horizon line
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- 7. 5.1.1 Type ofPerspective Two-point perspective is used to create the illusion of depth and space in a scene by using two vanishing points on the horizon line. This type of perspective is often used for drawing interiors, buildings, and street scenes. In two-point perspective, all lines that are parallel to the picture plane converge towards one of two vanishing points on the horizon line.
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- 9. 5.1.1 Type ofPerspective Three-point perspective, also known as angular perspective, is used to create the illusion of depth and space in a scene by using three vanishing points on the horizon line. This type of perspective is often used for drawing objects or scenes viewed from above or below, such as high-rise buildings or bridges. In three-point perspective, all lines that are not parallel to the picture plane converge towards one of three vanishing points on the horizon line
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- 11. 5.1.1 Type ofPerspective Atmospheric perspective is the technique of using value, color, and texture to create the illusion of distance and space in a drawing. Objects that are farther away appear hazier, less detailed, and less saturated than objects that are closer.
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- 13. 5.2 The Terminologyof Perspective ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ Drawing terminology refers to the technical and descriptive language used in the practice and study of drawing. Here are some of the most common terms used in drawing: Horizon Line The horizon line is an imaginary line that runs horizontally across the picture plane and represents the viewer's eye level. Vanishing Point A vanishing point is a point on the horizon line where parallel lines appear to converge in perspective. In one-point perspective, all lines appear to converge towards a single vanishing point on the horizon line. In two-point perspective, there are two vanishing points on the horizon line, and in three-point perspective, there are three vanishing points.
- 14. 5.2 The Terminologyof Perspective
- 15. 5.2 The Terminologyof Perspective
- 16. 5.2 The Terminologyof Perspective
- 17. 5.2 The Terminologyof Perspective Foreshortening is the technique of drawing objects or parts of objects that are closer to the viewer as larger than objects or parts of objects that are farther away. This is an important technique for creating the illusion of depth and space in a drawing.
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- 19. 5.2 The Terminologyof Perspective Orthogonal lines, also known as converging lines, are diagonal lines in a drawing that appear to converge towards a vanishing point on the horizon line. These lines are used to create the illusion of depth and space in a drawing.
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- 21. 5.2 The Terminologyof Perspective ◦ ◦ ◦ Picture Plane The picture plane is the flat surface on which the image is drawn. In perspective drawing, it represents the imaginary plane that separates the viewer from the objects being drawn. Scale Scale refers to the relative size of objects in a drawing. In perspective drawing, objects that are closer to the viewer appear larger than objects that are farther away. Eye-level Eye level is the height at which the viewer's eyes are located. In perspective drawing, the horizon line is typically drawn at the viewer's eye level.
- 22. 5.2 The Terminologyof Perspective ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ Line A line is a mark made by a tool such as a pencil or pen. It can be used to define shapes, contours, and textures in a drawing. Shape A shape is a two-dimensional area defined by a line or other boundary. Shapes can be geometric or organic. Form Form refers to the three-dimensional shape and structure of an object or figure. It is often achieved using shading and highlighting. Texture Texture is the visual and tactile quality of a surface. It can be created using lines, marks, and shading.
- 23. 5.2 The Terminologyof Perspective ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ Value Value refers to the relative lightness or darkness of a color or tone. It is often used to create the illusion of depth and volume in a drawing Composition Composition refers to the arrangement and organization of elements in a drawing. It is an important aspect of creating a visually compelling image. Proportion Proportion refers to the size and relationship of different elements in a drawing. It is important for creating a sense of balance and harmony in a composition. Perspective Perspective is the technique of creating the illusion of depth and space in a two-dimensional drawing. It involves using techniques such as vanishing points and converging lines to create the appearance of three- dimensional space.
- 24. 5.2 The Terminologyof Perspective ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ Sketch A sketch is a quick, rough drawing used to capture the basic outlines and shapes of an object or scene. It is often used as a preliminary step in the drawing process. Rendering Rendering refers to the process of adding detail and texture to a drawing. It is often used to create a finished, polished look.
- 25. 5.3 Cubes One ofthe most common ways to practice and understand perspective in drawing is by drawing cubes. Drawing cubes using perspective involves using vanishing points and a horizon line to create the illusion of depth and space. The process involves drawing a square in the foreground of the image and then connecting the corners of the square to create the sides of the cube. The artist then uses the vanishing points and horizon line to draw the lines of the cube so that they appear to recede into the distance. By practicing drawing cubes in perspective, artists can learn how to create accurate and convincing images that give the viewer a sense of depth and spa
- 26. 5.3 Cubes DrawingTechnique ◦ ◦ 1. Establish horizon line The horizon line is a horizontal line that divides the picture plane into the sky and ground. This line is important in perspective drawing as it determines the position of the vanishing points and the angle of the lines that represent the sides of the cube.
- 27. 5.3 Cubes DrawingTechnique ◦ ◦ 2. Place the vanishing line/point For cubes, two vanishing points are used, one for each set of parallel lines that make up the sides of the cube. These vanishing points should be placed on the horizon line at equal distances from the center of the image.
- 28. 5.3 Cubes DrawingTechnique ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ 3. Draw base square and connect the conner Draw a square in the foreground of the image that represents the base of the cube. This square should be positioned in a way that makes it appear to be facing the viewer. Connect the corners of the base square to create the sides of the cube. These lines should converge towards the vanishing points on the horizon line.
- 29. 5.3 Cubes DrawingTechnique ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ 4. Draw top square and connect the conner of the stop square Draw a square on top of the cube to represent the top face. This square should be positioned in the same perspective as the base square and should be smaller to show the foreshortening Connect the corners of the top square to the corresponding corners of the base square. These lines should also converge towards the vanishing points on the horizon line.
- 30. 5.4 Using PerspectiveGrids A perspective grid is a type of grid used in drawing and art that helps artists create accurate and convincing perspective drawings. The grid consists of a series of parallel lines that converge at one or more vanishing points, depending on the type of perspective being used. These lines help the artist create the illusion of depth and space in the drawing. The perspective grid is often used as an underdrawings or guide for a finished drawing. The artist can use the grid to create accurate lines and proportions, and to ensure that objects in the drawing are correctly aligned and positioned in relation to each other. Once the perspective grid is in place, the artist can begin adding details and shading to create a finished drawing
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