Theory of change vs Logical Framework

Theory of change vs Logical Framework

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  Click to editMaster title style 1 ToC vs LogFrame U n d e r s t a n d i n g t h e b a s i c s o f T h e o r y o f C h a n g e a n d L o g i c a l F r a m e wo r k i n d e v e l o p m e n t a n d h u m a n i t a r i a n s e c t o r. T h i s p r e s e n t a t i o n i s i n s p i r e d f r o m To o l s 4 D e v h t t p s : / / w w w. t o o l s 4 d e v. o r g / r e s o u r c e s / t h e o r y - o f - c h a n g e - v s - l o g i c a l - f r a m e w o r k - w h a t s - t h e - d i f f e r e n c e - i n - p r a c t i c e /
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  Click to editMaster title style 2 Theory of Change U n d e r s t a n d i n g T h e o r y o f C h a n g e a n d i t s s p e c i f i c a t i o n s 2
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  Click to editMaster title style 3 Definition of Theory of Change • Theory of Change shows the entire perspective on a situation or issue including issues related to the environment or context that you can’t control Shows all the different pathways that might lead to change, even if those pathways are not related to your program. 3 • It could presented as a diagram with narrative text.
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  Click to editMaster title style 4 Logical Framework U n d e r s t a n d i n g L o g i c a l F r a m e w o r k a n d i t s s p e c i f i c a t i o n s 4
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  Click to editMaster title style 5 Definition of Logical Framework • Logical Framework gives a detailed description of the program shows how the program activities will lead to the immediate outputs, and indicates how these will lead to the outcomes and goal. 5 • It could be displayed as a matrix or as a flow chart. It is usually shown as a matrix, called as LogFrame. When it is shown as a flow chart, it’s called as Logic model.
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  Click to editMaster title style 6 LogFrame vs ToC 6 Theory of Change Logical Framework • Toc gained popularity only in the 1990s to capture the implementation and outcomes of complex projects in international development. • A ToC is best created before an intervention starts.The development of a ToC usually begins from the top, meaning it identifies the goal first and then works backwards to map the outcome pathways and the most appropriate interventions that may create the desired change(s). • The logic model approach was introduced in the 1970s as a programme design methodology for USAID, capturing essential programme elements in a single table and utilized to improve the planning, implementation, management and monitoring and evaluation of projects. • A logic model is often created after a project or program has been developed, working forward from inputs through activities, outputs outcomes to the end result or the goal.
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  Click to editMaster title style 7 LogFrame vs ToC 7 Theory of Change Logical Framework • While developing a ToC, we ask – if we do activity A then outcome B will take place because…. (If…then…why…) • ToC is a causal model, it requires justifications at each step, meaning you have to articulate the assumption about WHY Activity A will cause Outcome B. • ToC is used as a tool for program design and evaluation. • The question used in developing this framework is – if we plan to do activity A, then will that produce outcome B? (If…then) • A logic model states Activity A causes Outcome B but it does not show WHY that activity produces that particular outcome. • Logic model is mainly used as a tool for monitoring and evaluation.
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  Click to editMaster title style 8 LogFrame vs ToC 8 Theory of Change Logical Framework • ToC is explanatory in nature. ToC shows the big messy picture and takes a wide view of a desired change or long-term impact – carefully examining and thinking through each activity, input, output and outcome, issues that you can and can’t control and preconditions that will enable or inhibit each step. • ToC probes assumptions behind each step and demonstrates all possible pathways that lead to the desired change or impact and provides evidence for how and why you think certain activity will cause the certain change. • Logic model is descriptive in nature. It illustrates project components (project goals, activities, outputs, inputs, risks, assumptions and short and medium term outcomes) in one clear and specific pathway, and takes a narrow and practical look at the relationship between these elements. • The risks and assumptions stated in a logic model are usually only basic and are not backed up by evidence for why you think one thing will lead to another.
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  Click to editMaster title style 9 LogFrame vs ToC 9 Theory of Change Logical Framework • ToCs have their core components but are rather flexible and do not have a standardized format. • It can take any form from a flow chart to a comprehensive graphical diagram with narrative text. It could include cyclical processes, feedback loops, one box could lead to multiple other boxes, different shapes could be used and so on. • A ToC works to understand the context in which a program operates. It recognises that factors outside of the program will often have an influence on the end result. • The structure of a logframe is quite standardized and linear, which means that all activities lead to outputs which lead to outcomes and the goal. • It is often presented as a table and there are no cyclical processes or feedback loops. • A logic model focuses much more on the project and program itself and how it is operating rather than external factors.
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  Click to editMaster title style 10 Example 10
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  Click to editMaster title style 11 “ True genius resides in the capacity for evaluation of uncertain, hazardous, and conflicting information.” - Winston Churchill 11
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  Click to editMaster title style 12 Thank You