The Digital Skills
          Divide:
  Closing the Gap
           Bobbi Newman
    http://librarianbyday.net
- The Digital Divide
- Literacy What?
- Resources
The 21st
century is
when
everything
changes.
And we have
to be ready.
-Captain Jack Harkness,
Torchwood
The future is here it
is just not evenly
distributed
-William Gibson
The Digital Divide
One third of Americans do
not have broadband at home
Who Has Access?
• less than 33% of the poorest
  Americans
• less than 50% of African
  Americans
• less than 50% Latinos
• less than 50% of the elderly
• less than 50% of rural
  populations
students
with a
computer &
broadband
at home
have a
6 to 8 %
higher GPA
It is about far
        more than
         access to
      technology,
it is about using
technology well.
We are floating
  (or sinking)
in an ocean of
  technology.
The illiterate of the
21st century will not
   be those who
  cannot read and
        write,
   but those who
       cannot
  learn, unlearn,
    and relearn.
       - Alvin Toffler
We are exposed to more
mediated messages in one day
 than our great-grandparents
   were exposed to in a year
         -Center for Media Literacy
Digital Literacy
66 million
Americans are
     without
  basic digital
 literacy skills
    -Usdan 2012
You keep using that word.
  I do not think it means
 what you think it means.
Rheingold’s
    Five
 Literacies
Attention
Participation
Collaboration
Crap Detection
Network
Smarts
21st Century Skills
Framework
by
Institute of Museum and Library Services
Learning And Innovation
Information, Media, And
      Technology
Life And Career
21st
Century
Themes
Hobbs’
  Four
Aspects
   Of
 Digital
Literacy
Tool Skills
and Access
Authorship
   and
 Creation
Representation
Social
responsibility
and
digital
citizenship
Transliteracy
the ability to read, write and
     interact across a range of
platforms, tools and media from
    signing and orality through
handwriting, print, TV, radio and
 film, to digital social networks.
Other
Considerations
If anyone can
claim to be an
    Expert,
  What is an
    expert?
Privacy
…much of what gets posted
on any given day is
in public but not for the public.
- Shirky
Remember
technology is
   only a
   TOOL
Libraries
   Are
Powerful
Partners
Libraries are
the place where all literacies
       meet and mix
Resources
http://www.commonsensemedia.org/educ
            ators/curriculum
http://mediasmarts.ca/teacher-resources
www.coloradovirtuallibrary.org/techtraining/
Blogs
http://vanmeterlibraryvoice.blogspot.com/
http://www.thedaringlibrarian.com/
http://mediaspecialistsguide.blogspot.com/
Twitter
@ShannonMiller
@gwynethjones
@joycevalenza
Facebook
www.facebook.com/NewMediaConsortium
www.facebook.com/aaslala
www.facebook.com/SchoolLibraryJournal
Miscellaneous
http://www.delicious.com//hblowers/
         learning2.0libraries
www.livebinders.com/play/play/84777/
http://gla.georgialibraries.org/mediawiki/i
ndex.php/Carterette_Series_Webinars
References
•   ALA supports FCC proposal to fund digital literacy training through public libraries. (2012,
    April 3).District Dispatch. Retrieved from http://www.districtdispatch.org/2012/04/ala-
    supports-fcc-proposal-to-fund-digital-literacy-training-through-public-libraries/
•   Aspen Institute to Advance Recommendations of the Knight Commission. (2010, May
    18).Knight Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.knightfoundation.org/press-
    room/press-release/aspen-institute-to-advance-recommendations-of-the/
•   Becker, S., Crandall, M. D., Fisher, K. E., Kinney, B., Landry, C., & Rocha, A. (2010).
    Opportunity for American Library Association. (2011). The state of America's libraries: A
    report from the American Library Association. Chicago, IL: American Library Association.
    Retrieved from
    http://ala.org/ala/newspresscenter/mediapresscenter/americaslibraries2011/state_of_a
    mericas_libraries_report_2011.pdf
•   Clochesy, J. M. (2008). The experience of diversity by generation: how to bridge the
    differences. Diversity Factor, 16(4), 1
•   DiMaggio, P., & Hargittai, E. (2001). From the ‘digital divide’ to ‘digital inequality’: Studying
    internet use as penetration increases. Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton University:
    Center for the Arts and Cultural Policy Studies.
•   Federal Communications Commission. (2010). Connecting America: The National
    Broadband Plan. Washington, D.C: Federal Communications Commission.
References
•   Genachowski, J. (2011, November). FCC & “Connect to Compete” tackle barriers to
    broadband adoption, Face Sheet for Chairman Genachowski Remarks on Broadband
    Adoption, Speech presented in Washington, D.C. Retrieved from
    http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-310924A1.pdf
•   Hoffman, J., Bertot, J. C., Davis, D. M., & Clark, L. (2011). Libraries connect communities:
    public library funding & technology access study 2010-2011. Chicago: American Library
    Association. Retrieved from http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/857ea9fd.
•   Institute of Museum and Library Services (2009). Museums, Libraries, and 21st Century
    Skills (IMLS-2009-NAI-01). Washington, D.C. Retrieved from
    http://www.imls.gov/assets/1/AssetManager/21stCenturySkills.pdf
•   Jenkins, H., Clinton, K., Purushotma, R., Robison, A., & Weigel, M. (2006). Confronting the
    challenges of participatory culture: Media education for the 21st century. Retrieved from
    http://digitallearning.macfound.org/atf/cf/%7B7E45C7E0-A3E0-4B89-AC9C-
    E807E1B0AE4E%7D/JENKINS_WHITE_PAPER.PDF
•   Jones, C., Ramanau, R., Cross, S., & Healing, G. (2010). Net generation or Digital Natives: Is
    there a distinct new generation entering university? Computers & Education, 54(3), 722–
    732. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2009.09.022
•   Lippincott, J. K. (2007). Student Content Creators: Convergence of Literacies. EDUCAUSE
    Review, 42(6), 16–17.
•   Margaryan, A., Littlejohn, A., & Vojt, G. (2011). Are digital natives a myth or reality ?
    University students ’ use of digital technologies. Computers & Education, 56(2), 429–440.
    doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2010.09.004
•   Pita, K. (2012). Five Generations in the Workplace. Fairfield County Business Journal,
    48(8), 27.
•   Prenksy, M. (2001), “Digital natives, digital immigrants”, On the Horizon, Vol. 9 No. 5, pp. 1-
    6.
References
•   Rheingold, H. (2012). Net smart: How to thrive online. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
•   Richtel, M. (2012, May 29). Wasting Time Is New Divide in Digital Era. New York Times
    Online. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/30/us/new-digital-divide-
    seen-in-wasting-time-online.html?_r=3&pagewanted=all)
•   Saveri, A., Rheingold, H., & Vian, K. (2005). Technologies of cooperation. Palo Alto CA.
    Retrieved from http://www.rheingold.com/cooperation/Technology_of_cooperation.pdf
•   Selwyn, N. (2009). The digital native – myth and reality. Aslib Proceedings, 61(4), 364–
    379. doi:10.1108/00012530910973776
•   The Knight Commission on the Information Needs of Communities in a Democracy.
    (2009). Informing Communities: Sustaining Democracy in the Digital Age. Washington,
    DC: The Aspen Institute.
•   Thoman, E., Jolls, T., & Center for Media Literacy. (2008).Literacy for the 21st century: An
    overview and orientation guide to media literacy education. Santa Monica, CA: Center for
    Media Literacy.
•   Usdan, J. (2012, July 23). FCC Chairman Announces Jobs-Focused Digital Literacy
    Partnership Between Connect2Compete and the 2,800 American Job Centers.
    Broadband.gov. Retrieved from http://blog.broadband.gov/?entryId=1718810
•   Zickuhr, K. (2010). Generations 2010. Washington, D.C: Pew Research Center’s Internet
    and American Life Project.
Photo Credits
1.    http://www.flickr.com/photos/bright/121984148             31.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/scttw/1819088991/
2.    http://www.flickr.com/photos/diegodalmaso/2882344833/     32.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/lujide/3991307100/
3.    Torchwood                                                 33.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/manicomi/2260527943/
4.    http://www.flickr.com/photos/jdhancock/5587313307/        34.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/thomashawk/15593238/
5.    http://www.flickr.com/photos/bright/2753331208/           35.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/thomashawk/15593238/
6.    http://www.flickr.com/photos/digital_rebel_xt/72224228/   36.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/clemsonunivlibrary/7196702646/
7.    http://www.flickr.com/photos/brainless-angel/120509366/   37.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/cataniamichele/2618160905/
8.    http://www.flickr.com/photos/julianrod/238786239/         38.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/jdhancock/4083295771
9.    http://www.flickr.com/photos/rbochet/6130218020/          39.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/jeremybrooks/2515846993/
10.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/darwinbell/4057820548/       40.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/nesster/2165873106/
11.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/slipstreamjc/1295512000/     41.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/pasukaru76/5267355952/
12.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/will-lion/2595497078/        42.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/jdhancock/4083295771
13.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/barb/83108156/               43.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/barabeke/333713092/
14.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/anselmogz/6682939/           44.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/pinkmoose/1353746637/
15.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/reidab/5340554974/           45.   n/a
16.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/anjin/346731499/             46.   n/a/
17.   Wordle                                                    47.   n/a
18.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/suttonhoo22/290533180/       48.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/bachmont/2931338538/
19.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/elcupto/1186992673/          49.   n/a
20.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/greenboy/398137318/          50.   n/a
21.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/budslife/1771179517/         51.   n/a
22.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/st3f4n/3951143570/           52.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/miyukiutada/428153221/
23.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/thomashawk/2460922167/       53.   n/a
24.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/ericskiff/372905058/         54.   n/a
25.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/sahlgoode/5185095492/        55.   n/a
26.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/blackbutterfly/3051019058/   56.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/nofrills/450748451/
27.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/chinchillo/3248010563/       57.   n/a
28.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/mwichary/2151368358/         58.   n/a
29.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/chrisbevan/39328690/         59.   n/a
30.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/baboon/13260830/             60.   http://www.flickr.com/photos/martinlabar/4537549422/

Closing the Digital Skills Gap

  • 1.
    The Digital Skills Divide: Closing the Gap Bobbi Newman http://librarianbyday.net
  • 2.
    - The DigitalDivide - Literacy What? - Resources
  • 3.
    The 21st century is when everything changes. Andwe have to be ready. -Captain Jack Harkness, Torchwood
  • 4.
    The future ishere it is just not evenly distributed -William Gibson
  • 5.
  • 6.
    One third ofAmericans do not have broadband at home
  • 7.
    Who Has Access? •less than 33% of the poorest Americans • less than 50% of African Americans • less than 50% Latinos • less than 50% of the elderly • less than 50% of rural populations
  • 8.
    students with a computer & broadband athome have a 6 to 8 % higher GPA
  • 9.
    It is aboutfar more than access to technology, it is about using technology well.
  • 10.
    We are floating (or sinking) in an ocean of technology.
  • 11.
    The illiterate ofthe 21st century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn. - Alvin Toffler
  • 13.
    We are exposedto more mediated messages in one day than our great-grandparents were exposed to in a year -Center for Media Literacy
  • 14.
  • 15.
    66 million Americans are without basic digital literacy skills -Usdan 2012
  • 16.
    You keep usingthat word. I do not think it means what you think it means.
  • 18.
    Rheingold’s Five Literacies
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
    21st Century Skills Framework by Instituteof Museum and Library Services
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
    Hobbs’ Four Aspects Of Digital Literacy
  • 30.
  • 31.
    Authorship and Creation
  • 32.
  • 33.
  • 34.
  • 35.
    the ability toread, write and interact across a range of platforms, tools and media from signing and orality through handwriting, print, TV, radio and film, to digital social networks.
  • 37.
  • 38.
    If anyone can claimto be an Expert, What is an expert?
  • 39.
  • 40.
    …much of whatgets posted on any given day is in public but not for the public. - Shirky
  • 41.
  • 42.
    Libraries Are Powerful Partners
  • 43.
    Libraries are the placewhere all literacies meet and mix
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47.
  • 48.
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51.
  • 52.
  • 53.
  • 54.
  • 55.
  • 56.
  • 57.
  • 58.
  • 59.
  • 60.
  • 61.
  • 62.
  • 63.
  • 64.
    References • ALA supports FCC proposal to fund digital literacy training through public libraries. (2012, April 3).District Dispatch. Retrieved from http://www.districtdispatch.org/2012/04/ala- supports-fcc-proposal-to-fund-digital-literacy-training-through-public-libraries/ • Aspen Institute to Advance Recommendations of the Knight Commission. (2010, May 18).Knight Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.knightfoundation.org/press- room/press-release/aspen-institute-to-advance-recommendations-of-the/ • Becker, S., Crandall, M. D., Fisher, K. E., Kinney, B., Landry, C., & Rocha, A. (2010). Opportunity for American Library Association. (2011). The state of America's libraries: A report from the American Library Association. Chicago, IL: American Library Association. Retrieved from http://ala.org/ala/newspresscenter/mediapresscenter/americaslibraries2011/state_of_a mericas_libraries_report_2011.pdf • Clochesy, J. M. (2008). The experience of diversity by generation: how to bridge the differences. Diversity Factor, 16(4), 1 • DiMaggio, P., & Hargittai, E. (2001). From the ‘digital divide’ to ‘digital inequality’: Studying internet use as penetration increases. Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton University: Center for the Arts and Cultural Policy Studies. • Federal Communications Commission. (2010). Connecting America: The National Broadband Plan. Washington, D.C: Federal Communications Commission.
  • 65.
    References • Genachowski, J. (2011, November). FCC & “Connect to Compete” tackle barriers to broadband adoption, Face Sheet for Chairman Genachowski Remarks on Broadband Adoption, Speech presented in Washington, D.C. Retrieved from http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-310924A1.pdf • Hoffman, J., Bertot, J. C., Davis, D. M., & Clark, L. (2011). Libraries connect communities: public library funding & technology access study 2010-2011. Chicago: American Library Association. Retrieved from http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/857ea9fd. • Institute of Museum and Library Services (2009). Museums, Libraries, and 21st Century Skills (IMLS-2009-NAI-01). Washington, D.C. Retrieved from http://www.imls.gov/assets/1/AssetManager/21stCenturySkills.pdf • Jenkins, H., Clinton, K., Purushotma, R., Robison, A., & Weigel, M. (2006). Confronting the challenges of participatory culture: Media education for the 21st century. Retrieved from http://digitallearning.macfound.org/atf/cf/%7B7E45C7E0-A3E0-4B89-AC9C- E807E1B0AE4E%7D/JENKINS_WHITE_PAPER.PDF • Jones, C., Ramanau, R., Cross, S., & Healing, G. (2010). Net generation or Digital Natives: Is there a distinct new generation entering university? Computers & Education, 54(3), 722– 732. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2009.09.022 • Lippincott, J. K. (2007). Student Content Creators: Convergence of Literacies. EDUCAUSE Review, 42(6), 16–17. • Margaryan, A., Littlejohn, A., & Vojt, G. (2011). Are digital natives a myth or reality ? University students ’ use of digital technologies. Computers & Education, 56(2), 429–440. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2010.09.004 • Pita, K. (2012). Five Generations in the Workplace. Fairfield County Business Journal, 48(8), 27. • Prenksy, M. (2001), “Digital natives, digital immigrants”, On the Horizon, Vol. 9 No. 5, pp. 1- 6.
  • 66.
    References • Rheingold, H. (2012). Net smart: How to thrive online. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. • Richtel, M. (2012, May 29). Wasting Time Is New Divide in Digital Era. New York Times Online. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/30/us/new-digital-divide- seen-in-wasting-time-online.html?_r=3&pagewanted=all) • Saveri, A., Rheingold, H., & Vian, K. (2005). Technologies of cooperation. Palo Alto CA. Retrieved from http://www.rheingold.com/cooperation/Technology_of_cooperation.pdf • Selwyn, N. (2009). The digital native – myth and reality. Aslib Proceedings, 61(4), 364– 379. doi:10.1108/00012530910973776 • The Knight Commission on the Information Needs of Communities in a Democracy. (2009). Informing Communities: Sustaining Democracy in the Digital Age. Washington, DC: The Aspen Institute. • Thoman, E., Jolls, T., & Center for Media Literacy. (2008).Literacy for the 21st century: An overview and orientation guide to media literacy education. Santa Monica, CA: Center for Media Literacy. • Usdan, J. (2012, July 23). FCC Chairman Announces Jobs-Focused Digital Literacy Partnership Between Connect2Compete and the 2,800 American Job Centers. Broadband.gov. Retrieved from http://blog.broadband.gov/?entryId=1718810 • Zickuhr, K. (2010). Generations 2010. Washington, D.C: Pew Research Center’s Internet and American Life Project.
  • 67.
    Photo Credits 1. http://www.flickr.com/photos/bright/121984148 31. http://www.flickr.com/photos/scttw/1819088991/ 2. http://www.flickr.com/photos/diegodalmaso/2882344833/ 32. http://www.flickr.com/photos/lujide/3991307100/ 3. Torchwood 33. http://www.flickr.com/photos/manicomi/2260527943/ 4. http://www.flickr.com/photos/jdhancock/5587313307/ 34. http://www.flickr.com/photos/thomashawk/15593238/ 5. http://www.flickr.com/photos/bright/2753331208/ 35. http://www.flickr.com/photos/thomashawk/15593238/ 6. http://www.flickr.com/photos/digital_rebel_xt/72224228/ 36. http://www.flickr.com/photos/clemsonunivlibrary/7196702646/ 7. http://www.flickr.com/photos/brainless-angel/120509366/ 37. http://www.flickr.com/photos/cataniamichele/2618160905/ 8. http://www.flickr.com/photos/julianrod/238786239/ 38. http://www.flickr.com/photos/jdhancock/4083295771 9. http://www.flickr.com/photos/rbochet/6130218020/ 39. http://www.flickr.com/photos/jeremybrooks/2515846993/ 10. http://www.flickr.com/photos/darwinbell/4057820548/ 40. http://www.flickr.com/photos/nesster/2165873106/ 11. http://www.flickr.com/photos/slipstreamjc/1295512000/ 41. http://www.flickr.com/photos/pasukaru76/5267355952/ 12. http://www.flickr.com/photos/will-lion/2595497078/ 42. http://www.flickr.com/photos/jdhancock/4083295771 13. http://www.flickr.com/photos/barb/83108156/ 43. http://www.flickr.com/photos/barabeke/333713092/ 14. http://www.flickr.com/photos/anselmogz/6682939/ 44. http://www.flickr.com/photos/pinkmoose/1353746637/ 15. http://www.flickr.com/photos/reidab/5340554974/ 45. n/a 16. http://www.flickr.com/photos/anjin/346731499/ 46. n/a/ 17. Wordle 47. n/a 18. http://www.flickr.com/photos/suttonhoo22/290533180/ 48. http://www.flickr.com/photos/bachmont/2931338538/ 19. http://www.flickr.com/photos/elcupto/1186992673/ 49. n/a 20. http://www.flickr.com/photos/greenboy/398137318/ 50. n/a 21. http://www.flickr.com/photos/budslife/1771179517/ 51. n/a 22. http://www.flickr.com/photos/st3f4n/3951143570/ 52. http://www.flickr.com/photos/miyukiutada/428153221/ 23. http://www.flickr.com/photos/thomashawk/2460922167/ 53. n/a 24. http://www.flickr.com/photos/ericskiff/372905058/ 54. n/a 25. http://www.flickr.com/photos/sahlgoode/5185095492/ 55. n/a 26. http://www.flickr.com/photos/blackbutterfly/3051019058/ 56. http://www.flickr.com/photos/nofrills/450748451/ 27. http://www.flickr.com/photos/chinchillo/3248010563/ 57. n/a 28. http://www.flickr.com/photos/mwichary/2151368358/ 58. n/a 29. http://www.flickr.com/photos/chrisbevan/39328690/ 59. n/a 30. http://www.flickr.com/photos/baboon/13260830/ 60. http://www.flickr.com/photos/martinlabar/4537549422/

Editor's Notes

  • #2 http://www.flickr.com/photos/bright/121984148
  • #3 http://www.flickr.com/photos/diegodalmaso/2882344833/
  • #5 http://www.flickr.com/photos/jdhancock/5587313307/
  • #6 http://www.flickr.com/photos/bright/2753331208/
  • #7 http://www.flickr.com/photos/digital_rebel_xt/72224228/
  • #8 http://www.flickr.com/photos/brainless-angel/120509366/
  • #9 http://www.flickr.com/photos/julianrod/238786239/
  • #10 http://www.flickr.com/photos/rbochet/6130218020/
  • #11 http://www.flickr.com/photos/darwinbell/4057820548/
  • #12 http://www.flickr.com/photos/slipstreamjc/1295512000/
  • #13 http://www.flickr.com/photos/will-lion/2595497078/
  • #15 http://www.flickr.com/photos/anselmogz/6682939/
  • #16 http://www.flickr.com/photos/reidab/5340554974/
  • #17 http://www.flickr.com/photos/anjin/346731499/
  • #18 Wordle
  • #25 http://www.flickr.com/photos/ericskiff/372905058/
  • #26 http://www.flickr.com/photos/sahlgoode/5185095492/
  • #27 http://www.flickr.com/photos/blackbutterfly/3051019058/
  • #28 http://www.flickr.com/photos/chinchillo/3248010563/
  • #29 http://www.flickr.com/photos/mwichary/2151368358/
  • #30 http://www.flickr.com/photos/chrisbevan/39328690/
  • #31 http://www.flickr.com/photos/baboon/13260830/
  • #32 http://www.flickr.com/photos/scttw/1819088991/
  • #33 http://www.flickr.com/photos/lujide/3991307100/
  • #34 http://www.flickr.com/photos/manicomi/2260527943/
  • #35 http://www.flickr.com/photos/thomashawk/15593238/
  • #36 http://www.flickr.com/photos/thomashawk/15593238/
  • #37 http://www.flickr.com/photos/clemsonunivlibrary/7196702646/
  • #38 http://www.flickr.com/photos/cataniamichele/2618160905/
  • #39 http://www.flickr.com/photos/jdhancock/4083295771
  • #40 http://www.flickr.com/photos/jeremybrooks/2515846993/
  • #41 http://www.flickr.com/photos/nesster/2165873106/
  • #42 http://www.flickr.com/photos/pasukaru76/5267355952/
  • #43 http://www.flickr.com/photos/jdhancock/4083295771
  • #44 http://www.flickr.com/photos/barabeke/333713092/
  • #45 http://www.flickr.com/photos/pinkmoose/1353746637/
  • #49 http://www.flickr.com/photos/bachmont/2931338538/
  • #53 http://www.flickr.com/photos/miyukiutada/428153221/
  • #57 http://www.flickr.com/photos/nofrills/450748451/
  • #61 http://www.flickr.com/photos/martinlabar/4537549422/