Simanye asset based development paradigms

Simanye asset based development paradigms

• 1.
  Economic Development andABCD
• 2.
  The mindset…. “All oflife is interrelated. We are all caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied to a single garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly affects all indirectly” - Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1969)
• 3.
  Key barriers foreconomic development globally and in South Africa Many of these issues could be resolved through simply starting with an asset based approach… •  Lack of ownership of communities and lack of buy-in •  Dependence and entitlement of communities, from lower self-esteem and lack of control •  Non-sustainable projects (in both the impact and financial sense) •  Lack of understanding of the local culture and community structures as well as how success is defined by local communities •  Finding and addressing real root causes is difficult, leading to projects that do not tackle the real underlying issues •  Lack of access to opportunities and finance – and distance from formal or sophisticated markets •  Political instability, crime, and violence all compound other problems •  Corruption and misappropriation of development funds Source:Simanye
• 4.
  Development issues areinterwoven and complex, making impact dependent on a range of factors Enterprise development Supplier development Worker productivity Job Creation Regional development Health Education Infrastructure Food security It is difficult to address higher end goals (such as larger enterprise development) without looking at how root causes (poor health, lack of education) have led to the problems in the first place. Solutions must be holistic and focused on the most salient issues in order to create real change. Source:Simanye
• 5.
  Creating Shared Valuebegins with understanding the context from multiple sides COMMUNITY DRIVERS •  Jobs •  Training and skills development •  Business support •  Procurement opportunities and supply chain access •  Financing •  Health •  Education •  Food security •  Infrastructure GOVERNMENT DRIVERS •  Promote business growth and job creation •  Keep citizens healthy and happy •  Ensure socio-economic development •  Create political stability •  Integrated Development Plan (IDP) alignment of initiatives CORPORATION DRIVERS •  Profitable operations and shareholder value •  Legislative and policy compliance •  Healthy and productive staff •  Saving costs, reducing lead times and increasing quality in procurement •  Social licenses to operate •  Good public image and relations •  Infrastructure Source:Simanye
• 6.
  Our approach: basedon a sustainable livelihoods, asset driven model Simanye’s approach begins with a focus on assets (from social to financial and beyond), and starts with the premise that communities know themselves best. Helping the communities to mobilise their own assets and consider multiple factors to address issues holistically therefore leads to ownership, impact and sustainable development. Sustainable Livelihoods Framework: DFID Source:Simanye
• 7.
  The key tocreating sustainable impact Clear goals and objectives Adapting to the context and addressing key needs as well as responding to key assets Considering economic, environmental, social and developmental variables Bottom-up, community driven and collaborative processes Partnerships for success Innovation and research Focus on cost efficiency and self-sustainability of projects Source:Simanye
• 8.
  Community engagement process Respect Listen,understand, learn Facilitate and educate, but do not impose or force The community and local factor is the single greatest factor – above economic, technical or other considerations Source:Simanye
• 9.
  ABCD  
• 10.
  What is ABCD? “Theywill use what they have to secure what they have not” - Rev. Dr. Moses Coady •  Asset Based Community (Driven) Development (ABCD). •  ABCD was developed by McKnight and Kretzmann (1993) in ‘Building Communities from the Inside Out’ •  Further developed by the COADY International Institute of St Xavier University in Canada. •  In South Africa, ABCD is promoted in collaboration with Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) and also implemented by the Department of Social Development •  The focus is on assets rather than needs, as well as letting communities be the drivers of their own development process thus leading to ownership and sustainability Source:Simanye
• 11.
  Needs versus Assets NEEDSBASED ASSET BASED •  Focuses on needs and what is missing •  Focuses on what is already there and what person or community has •  Intrinsically negative as regardless of how developed a community it will always have something missing •  Intrinsically positive – no matter how bad things are there will always be assets •  Top-down, forced solutions •  Bottom-up organic solutions •  Use of external experts •  Use of local knowledge/expertise and outside experts (mutual learning) •  Dis-empowering and creates low-self worth •  Empowering •  Leads to dependence and entitlement mind- set •  Leads to increased sustainability through ownership of the process by the community •  Not conducive to partnerships •  Conducive to partnerships •  Not tailored as solutions are not context specific •  Context specific solutions •  Need for continued external interventions •  Community becomes the long term manager of own development Source:Simanye
• 12.
  ABCD overview: process Day1 •  Positive stories •  Assets •  Associations •  Power Day 2 •  Community economic analysis •  Mapping Source:Simanye
• 13.
  ABCD overview: process Day3 •  Transect walks Day 4 •  Action planning •  Success indicators Source:Simanye
• 14.
  The leaky bucketand demonstrating the multiplier effect Rural community Assets: tree cutting skills trees Regional factory Assets: factory and tools, wood-work and carpentry skills Big city Assets: mass markets, brand, business skills, scale Sell: R 20 / pile Profit margin: R 20 Sell: R 100 / chair Profit margin: R80 R 220 / chair Profit margin: R120 Source:Simanye
• 15.
  Value  Web  and  Microfranchising  
• 16.
  And after ABCD?The Value Web!