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Sectionsرسم
Section views provide internal views of objects by using an imaginary cutting plane. There are several types of section views, including full sections, offset sections, half sections, broken-out sections, revolved sections, and removed sections. Revolved sections show a cross-section rotated around an axis, while removed sections show a cross-section separated from the main view for clarity. Dimensioning follows typical rules but uses one-sided arrows for half sections. Section views clarify internal features and shapes.
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Introduction to section views and their purposes, improving clarity and dimensioning.
Explanation of cutting planes, their representation, including cutting plane lines and section lining techniques.
Different section line styles based on material types and common mistakes in section lining.
Various kinds of sections such as full, offset, half, broken-out, revolved, and removed sections.
Definition and characteristics of full sections, including the typical placement of cutting planes.
Details on forming offset section views and specific characteristics to avoid edge view displays.
Guidelines on omitting hidden lines in section views for clarity.
Description of half sections, including their construction and representation of sectioned vs. unsectioned halves.
Comparison and characteristics of broken-out sections, including break lines and sectioning indications.
Overview and construction steps for revolved sections, emphasizing their utility in displaying varying cross-sections.
Illustrative comparison of revolved vs. removed sections and examples of preferred practices.
Guidelines for dimensioning in section views, highlighting best practices and specific rules.
Sectionsرسم
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- 2. PURPOSES OF SECTION VIEWS Clarify the views by reducing or eliminating the hidden lines. revealing the cross sectional’s shape. Facilitate the dimensioning. Let See the example
- 3. EXAMPLE : Advantageof using a section view.
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- 5. CUTTING PLANE Cutting planeis a plane that imaginarily cuts the object to reveal the internal features. Cutting plane Cutting plane line Section lines
- 6. CUTTING PLANE LINE Cuttingplane line is an edge view of the cutting plane. Indicate the path of cutting plane.
- 7. CUTTING PLANE LINESTYLES Thick line ANSI Viewing standard direction Thick line Viewing direction JIS & ISO Thin line standard This course Viewing direction
- 8. SECTION LINING Section linesor cross-hatch lines are used to indicate the surfaces that are cut by the cutting plane. Section lines Drawn with 4H pencil.
- 9. SECTION LINES SYMBOLS The section lines are different for each of material’s type. For practical purpose, the cast iron symbol is used most often for any materials. Cast iron, Steel Concrete Sand Wood Malleable iron
- 10. SECTION LINING PRACTICE Thespaces between lines may vary from 1.5 mm for small sections to 3 mm for large sections. COMMON MISTAKE
- 11. SECTION LINING PRACTICE Itshould not be drawn parallel or perpendicular to contour of the view. COMMON MISTAKE
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- 13. KIND OF SECTIONS 1.Full section 2. Offset section 3. Half section 4. Broken-out section 5. Revolved section (aligned section) 6. Removed section (detailed section)
- 14. FULL SECTION VIEW Theview is made by passing the straight cutting plane completely through the part.
- 15. Full Sections In Full Sections, one-half of the part is removed. (Technically, the cutting plane may be placed anywhere, but it should always be placed where the most information can be depicted in the
- 16. • If the origin of the Full Sections section view is A A obvious to the reader of the drawing, the cutting plane is not considered necessary. • In this case, it is very clear where the SECTION A-A section view originated, so the
- 17. OFFSET SECTION VIEW Theview is made by passing the bended cutting plane completely through the part. Do not show the edge views of the cutting plane.
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- 25. TREATMENT OF HIDDENLINES Hidden lines are normally omitted from section views.
- 26. HALF SECTION VIEW Theview is made by passing the cutting plane halfway through an object and remove a quarter of it.
- 27. HALF SECTION VIEW Acenter line is used to separate the sectioned half from the unsectioned half of the view. Hidden line is omitted in unsection half of the view.
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- 30. BROKEN-OUT SECTION VIEW Theview is made by passing the cutting plane normal to the viewing direction and removing the portion of an object in front of it.
- 31. BROKEN-OUT SECTION VIEW Abreak line is used to separate the sectioned portion from the unsectioned portion of the view. Break line is a thin continuous line (4H) and is drawn freehand. There is no cutting plane line.
- 32. EXAMPLE : Comparisonamong several section techniques
- 33. REVOLVED SECTION VIEW Revolvedsections show cross-sectional features of a part. No need for additional orthographic views. This section is especially helpful when a cross-section varies.
- 34. REVOLVED SECTION VIEW Basicconcept
- 35. REVOLVED SECTION VIEW Basicconcept
- 36. REVOLVED SECTION VIEW Stepsin construction Given Edge view of cross-section Step 1 a. Assign position of cutting plane. b. Draw axis of rotation in front view.
- 37. REVOLVED SECTION VIEW Stepsin construction Given Step 2 a. Transfer the depth dimension to the front view.
- 38. REVOLVED SECTION VIEW Stepsin construction Given Step 3 a. Draw the revolved section. b. Add section lines.
- 39. REVOLVED SECTION VIEW Stepsin construction Given FINAL PICTURE
- 40. REVOLVED SECTION VIEW Placementof revolved section 1. Superimposed to orthographic view. 2. Break from orthographic view. Break Superimposed
- 41. REVOLVED SECTION VIEW Placementof revolved section 1. Superimposed to orthographic view. 2. Break from orthographic view. Break Superimposed
- 42. REMOVED SECTION VIEW 6.Removed section Removed section is revolved section. Section view is shown outside the view. Used where space does not enough for revolved section Can be located elsewhere on a drawing with properly labeled
- 43. REMOVED SECTION VIEW 6.Removed section
- 44. REMOVED SECTION VIEW 6.Removed section
- 45. REMOVED SECTION VIEW Example: Revolved vs. removed sections. Revolved section Removed section
- 46. REMOVED SECTION VIEW Example: Revolved vs. removed sections.
- 47. REMOVED SECTION VIEW Example: Situation that removed section is preferred. Poor Preferred Too messy !!
- 48. REMOVED SECTION VIEW Example: Multiple removed section views A B B A SECTION B – B SECTION A – A
- 49. REMOVED SECTION VIEW Example: Multiple removed section views No breaks
- 50. REMOVED SECTION VIEW Example: Multiple removed section views
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- 52. In most cases,dimensioning of the section views follows the typical rules of dimensioning. POOR GOOD
- 53. DIMENSIONING POOR GOOD 10 10 φ 50 φ 50
- 54. DIMENSIONING For a half-sectionview, use dimension line with only one arrowhead that points to the position inside the sectioned portion. φ 50