Python notes for students to learn and develop

UNIT III
CONTROL FLOW, FUNCTIONS

Nested conditionals
• One conditional can also be nested within another. Any
number of condition can be nested inside one another.
• In this, if the condition is true it checks another if
condition1.
• If both the conditions are true statement1 get executed
otherwise statement2 get execute. if the condition is
false statement3 gets executed.

Syntax:
If (condition) :
if (condition 1) :
statement 1
else:
statement 2
Else:
statement 3

Flowchart:
Example:
1. greatest of three numbers
2. positive negative or zero

greatest of three numbers Output
a=eval(input(“enter the value of a”))
b=eval(input(“enter the value of b”))
c=eval(input(“enter the value of c”))
if(a>b):
if(a>c):
print(“the greatest no is”,a)
else:
print(“the greatest no is”,c)
else:
if(b>c):
print(“the greatest no is”,b)
else:
print(“the greatest no is”,c)
enter the value of a 9
the greatest no is 9

positive negative or zero Output
n=eval(input("enter the value of n:"))
if(n==0):
print("the number is zero")
else:
if(n>0):
print("the number is positive")
else:
print("the number is negative")
enter the value of n:-9
the number is negative

ITERATION/CONTROL STATEMENTS:
 State
 while
 for
 break
 continue
 pass

State:
• Transition from one process
to another process under
specified condition with in a
time is called state.

While loop:
 While loop statement in Python is used to
repeatedly executes set of statement as long
as a given condition is true.
 In while loop, test expression is checked
first. The body of the loop is entered only if
the test_expression is True.

 After one iteration, the test expression is checked
again. This process continues until the
test_expression evaluates to False.
 In Python, the body of the while loop is
determined through indentation.
 The statements inside the while starts with
indentation and the first unindented line marks
the end.

Syntax:
initial value
while (condition) :
body of while loop
increment

Example:
1. program to find sum of n numbers:
2. program to find factorial of a number
3. program to find sum of digits of a number:
4. Program to Reverse the given number:
5. Program to find number is Armstrong number or not
6. Program to check the number is palindrome or not

Sum of n numbers: output
n=eval(input("enter n"))
i=1
sum=0 while(i<=n): sum=sum+i
i=i+1
print(sum)
enter n
10
55
Factorial of a numbers: output
n=eval(input("enter n"))
i=1 fact=1 while(i<=n):
fact=fact*i
i=i+1
print(fact)
enter n
5
120

Sum of digits of a number: output
n=eval(input("enter a number"))
sum=0
while(n>0):
a=n%10
sum=sum+a
n=n//10
print(sum)
enter a number
123
6

Reverse the given number: output
sum=0
while(n>0):
a=n%10
sum=sum*10+a
n=n//10
print(sum)
enter a number
123
321

Armstrong number or not output
org=n
sum=0
while(n>0):
a=n%10
sum=sum+a*a*a
n=n//10
if(sum==org):
print("The given number is Armstrong
number")
else:
print("The given number is not Armstrong
number")
enter a number153
The given number is
Armstrong number

Palindrome or not output
org=n
sum=0
while(n>0):
a=n%10
sum=sum*10+a
n=n//10
if(sum==org):
print("The given no is palindrome")
else:
print("The given no is not palindrome")
enter a number121
The given no is
palindrome

For loop:
For in range:
 We can generate a sequence of numbers using
range() function. range(10) will generate
numbers from 0 to 9 (10 numbers).
 In range function have to define the start, stop
and step size as range(start,stop,step size). step
size defaults to 1 if not provided.

Syntax:
for i in range(start, stop, steps):
body of for loop
Flowchart:

For in sequence
 The for loop in Python is used to iterate over a sequence
(list, tuple, string). Iterating over a sequence is called
traversal. Loop continues until we reach the last element in
the sequence.
 The body of for loop is separated from the rest of the code
using indentation.
for i in sequence:
print(i)

Sequence can be a list, strings or tuples
S.No Sequences Example Output
1. For loop in string for i in "Ramu":
print(i)
R
A
M
U
2. For loop in list for i in [2,3,5,6,9]:
print(i)
2
3
5
6
9
3. For loop in tuple
for i in (2,3,1):
print(i)
2
3
1

Example:
1. Print nos divisible by 5 not by 10:
2. Program to print fibonacci series.
3. Program to find factors of a given number
4. Check the given number is perfect number or not
5. Check the no is prime or not
6. Print first n prime numbers
7. Program to print prime numbers in range

print nos divisible by 5 not by 10 Output
n=eval(input("enter a")) for i
in range(1,n,1): if(i%5==0
and i%10!=0):
print(i)
enter a:30
5
15
25
Fibonacci series Output
a=0 b=1
n=eval(input("Enter the number of
terms: "))
print("Fibonacci Series: ")
print(a,b) for i in
range(1,n,1):
c=a+b print(c)
a=b b=c
Enter the number of terms: 6
Fibonacci Series:
0 1
1
2
3
5
8

Find factors of a number Output
n=eval(input("enter a number:"))
for i in range(1,n+1,1):
if(n%i==0):
print(i)
enter a
number:10
1
2
5
10
Check the no is prime or not Output
for i in range(2,n):
if(n%i==0):
print("The num is not a prime")
break
else:
print("The num is a prime number.")
enter a no:7
The num is a
prime
number.

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