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Normal process Child development sequence.pptx
- 2. PRESENTED AT ALLAMA IQBALOPEN UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD GROUP TRAINING WORKSHOP OF M.A/ M.Ed (Special Education) Muhammad Imran Nazir
- 3. Normal Process ofChild Development
- 4. What is growth? “Suchchanges which occurs from conception to maturity in a human body is called growth.” All the developments in human body from conception to maturity is considered as growth.
- 5. What is development? “suchchanges which occurs from conceptions to death is called development.These changes are systematic that is why they are known as developmental milestones.”
- 7. Importance of childdevelopment It is necessary to understand the nature of child’s growth, development and learning for infants, toddlers, pre primary, primary school children both typical or atypical in areas of cognition, communication, physical motor, social, aesthetic and adaptive behaviors. It is necessary to understand individual differences.
- 8. All areasof development are equally important. All areas of development are inter- related and affects one another. Children development as a result of the interactions among biological and environmental influences.
- 9. Development issequential, children abilities and understanding emerge in a predictable order. Rates of emotional, intellectual, physical and social development vary within each child and from child to child. Each child develops at his/her own pace.
- 10. The earlychildhood years represent critical period in children’s lives during which they are most friendly to developing certain abilities and understandings. Children are naturally curios and exploratory continuously striving competence.
- 13. Normal stages ofhuman development Birth to 5 years Its presents an overview of child development.it is important to keep in mind that time frames presented are average and some children may achieve various milestones earlier or later than the average but still in the normal range.
- 14. Language and PhysicalEmotional Social Birth to 1 month feeding: 5-8 per day Sleeps 20 hrs. Per day Sensory capacities: makes basic distinctions in vision hearing smelling testing touch temperature and perception of pain Generalized tension Helpless Asocial Fed by mother 2 months to 3 months Sensory capacities: color perception, visual and oral exploration. Sounds: cries, coos, gurgle Motor ability: control of eye muscles, lifts head when on stomach. delight Distress Smiles at a face Visually fixates at a face, may be soothed by rocking.
- 15. Language and PhysicalEmotional Social 4 months to 6 months Sensory capacities: localizes sounds Sounds babbling, Most vowels and about half of he consonants Feeding:3-5per day Motor ability: control of head and arm movement purposive grasping rolls over Enjoy being cuddled Recognizes mother Distinguishes between familiar persons and strangers no longer smiles indiscriminately. Expect feeding dressing and bathing. 7 months to 9 months Motor ability: control of trunk and hands sits without support Crawls about. Sound :use different sound to get attention or appear to be naming things Specific emotional attachment to mother Protest separation from mother. Enjoys peek a boo.
- 16. Language and PhysicalEmotional Social 10 months to12 months Motor Ability: control of legs and feet and stands, creeps ,apposition of thumb and fore finger Language :says one or two words, imitates sounds response to simple commands Feeding:3meals, 2 snacks Sleep :12 hrs ,2 naps Anger Affection Fear of strangers Curiosity, exploration Responsive to own name. Wave bye-bye Plays pat-a-cake, understand “no-no” Gives and takes objects 1 year to 1.5 years Motor ability: creeps upstairs, walk(10-20 min)makes lines on paper with crayons. Dependent behavior Very upset when separated from mother Fear of bath Obeys limited commands Repeats a few words Interested in his mirror image Feeds himself.
- 17. Language and PhysicalEmotional Social 1.5 years to 2 years Motor ability : Runs, kicks a ball, build 6 cube tower (2years) Capable of control bowel bladder Language: vocabulary of more than 200 words Sleeps:12hrs at night, 1-2 hrs nap Temper tantrums (1- 3)years Resentment of new baby does opposite o what he is told (18 months)
- 18. Language and Physical Emotional Social 2years to 3 years Motor ability: jumps off steps, rides a tricycle, uses crayons build a 9-10 cube tower Language: starts to use short sentences controls and explore world with language stuttering may appear briefly. Fear of separation Negativistic(2.5 years) Differentiates facial expressions of danger, sorrow and joy. Sense of humor (play tricks) Talks,uses “I””me” “you” copies parents action Dependent,clinging,possessive about toys, enjoys plying alongside another child. Negetivism2.5 yrs Resist parental demands Give orders Rigid insistence on sameness of routine. Inability to make decision
- 19. Language and Physical Emotional Social 3years to 4 years Motor Ability: stands on one leg, jumps up and down draws a circle and a cross(4 years) Self sufficient in many routines of home life. Affectionate towards parents Pleasure of genital manipulation Romantic attachment to parents of opposite sex.3-5 years Jealousy of same –sex parents. Imaginary fears of dark , injury etc. (3- 5yrs) Likes to share, Uses “we” Cooperative play with other children, nursery school. Imitates parents and teacher Beginning of identification with same sex parents, practices sex- role activities. intense curiosity & interest in other children's bodies. Imaginary friends.
- 20. Language And physicalEmotional Social 4years to 5 years Motor ability: mature motor control, skips, broad jumps, dressed himself, copies a square and a triangle. Language: talks clearly, uses adult speech sounds, has mastered basic grammar relates a story, known over 2000 words (5 years) Responsibility and guilt Feels pride in accomplishment Prefers to play with other children, becomes competitive prefers sex appropriate activities
- 21. Environment and itsEffects on Child Development The social environment refers to an individual’s • physical surroundings, • community resources • social relationships
- 23. Physical environment The physicalsurrounding of a social environment include housing, facilities for education, health care, employment and open space for recreation. The nature of physical surroundings (including their quality, Community resources The availability of community resources refers to community structures (e.g. political governance) and organizations, knowledge and support within the community. Social relationships Social relationships are the interactions between various individuals or groups. In every society, individuals develop relationships with other individuals to enable them to achieve their goals
- 24. What Are theFactors that Influence the Growth and Development of Children Heredity and Environment COMBINED! Your height is influenced by your diet (environment) and your genes (heredity)
- 25. • Ill health •Moving school • Friends • Bereavement • Poor teaching • Difficult home life.
- 26. Environmental Factors AffectingChild Development: 1. Emotional Bond With Your Child • One of the first and main environment, your child will experience is the one at home. Since her birth, the emotional environment she sees and feels around her will shape her personality. The bond your child shares with you will help her understand and learn how to express her love and fears. • It will teach her how to interact with those who are close to her. A sentimental connect with you during the early years will help her feel confident and secure. • A stable and loving relationship will nurture your child’s personality. She will feel important and valued. • Make sure you spend enough time showing her that you love her. Hold her hands and be there for her always.
- 27. 2. Your EquationWith Your Partner • The relationship you share with your spouse will affect your child’s developmental and emotional growth. • Your spouse and you are the perhaps the two people who will be closest to your child. You will also be the first couple your child will ever know. • How you interact with each other, and the love and respect you share as a couple will help your child learn about valuing another person. • She will learn the importance of a strong connect and will learn how to respect others. • A little display of affection is okay and required in front of your child. Small but important gestures like holding hands and hugging will show your child that these are natural ways to express love.
- 28. 3. Your Family’sFinancial Health • Your financial strength will affect various aspects of your daughter’s childhood experience. • Your finances will determine the neighborhood you live in, the school or daycare your daughter will go to and your family’s social circle. • In some cases, your child may notice your buying and spending habits and compare them with others she knows, like her friends and their parents. Depending on how she perceives these, she may start feeling self-conscious. • It is important you speak to your child about finances and how there are things more important than what money can buy.
- 29. 4. Overcrowded LivingSpaces • The environment at your home and the relationship with neighbors will also affect your child’s behavior. • If you live in an environment that is overcrowded or is too loud, it can negatively impact your child’s personality. • Too many members living in the same house can reduce the time you spend with your child, as you will be busy with others in the house. It could result in your child resorting to other ways of keeping busy, and distancing herself from you emotionally early in life. • Your child may also start to develop the willpower to block out loud noises and conversations. If your child is a shy person, she may retreat more into her shell. • Make sure you take out enough time to be with your child. If you cannot find the time and space at home, take her out for a walk or engage in some sports or activity that you two can enjoy together.
- 30. 5. A LearningEnvironment • You will be your child’s first teacher, so it is crucial you create an environment that stimulates and aids her skill development. • A positive and relaxed environment at home will help your child concentrate on studies and learn better. • You and your spouse should create opportunities that allow your child to explore, even within the home. • Always encourage your child to ask questions and look for solutions. It will help her gain more knowledge
- 31. Our Responsibility –To provide the best environment as we can
- 32.