Lesson in art part 1 Q1 and Q2 by S. will

Pop Art is an
art style thatreturned to the material realities
of everyday life, to popular
culture (this is where the “pop”
term comes from) which derives
from most of the visual
pleasures of people – like
television, magazines, food or
comics.

Pop Art is a 20th century
art movement that utilized
the imagery, style and
techniques of consumerist
society and popular
culture, favored media
derived figural imagery and
the mass reproduction of
everyday objects.

Pop artists eroded the gulf
between high and low art and
eliminated the distinction
between fine art and commercial
art methods. These artists were
responding to society’s new
consumerism.
The term Pop eventually came to
encompass the fields of music,
consumer design and fashion too,
and corresponded to an entire
way of life among young people in
the 1960s.
Three Cokes, Andy Warhol

Characteristics of
Pop Paintings
and Sculpture

“Pop Artists did
images
that anybody walking
down the street could
recognize in a split
second…all the great
modern things that the
Abstract Expressionists
tried so hard not to
notice at all.”—Gretchen
Berg.
Flying Pizza, Claes
Oldenburg
Large trademark with 8 spotlights, Edward
Ruscha

Pop Artists used common images
fromeveryday culture as their
sources including:
Advertisements
and Consumer goods
Campbell’s Tomato Juice, Andy
Warhol
Celebrities
and
Photographs
Silver Liz, Andy Warhol
Comic strips
Blam, Roy Lichtenstein

Pop Artists reflected 60’s
culture by using new and
different materials in their
artworks including:
Acrylic Paints Plastics
Photographs Fluorescent
and Metallic colors
Silkscreen ink
Canvas and Rubber for
Sculpture!
Vinyl
Retroactive II, Robert
Rauschenberg.

Pop artists also used new
technologies and
methods including:
•Mass production
Fabrication
Photography
Printing
•Serials Stenciling
Collages Silkscreen
Bagel, Claes Oldenburg
American Dream, Robert
Indiana

L,;
POP ART IN AMERICA
In the United States, Pop art
made an attempt to bring
art back into American daily
life.
It was linked to the wealth
and prosperity of the post
World War II era, and artists
of the movement responded
to the nation's consumerist
society.
American Pop Artists used
images from popular culture
directly in their art.

American pop artists used to
reproduce, duplicate, overlay, enlarge
to gigantic proportions, combine and
arrange endless visual details that
represented the American culture and
society, introducing transformations
and acting like commentaries .
Dropped Cone, Claes
Oldenburg
Diamond Dust Shoes, Andy
Warhol

Some famous American pop
artists were Andy Warhol,
Roy Lichtenstein, David
Hockney, Robert
Rauschenberg, Jasper Johns,
Tom Wesselmann andEdward Ruscha.
Claes Oldenburg and
Robert Indiana were Pop
Sculptors.
Bedroom
Love, Robert
Indiana
Three Flags,

Fashion Accessories, Pre-Pop Warhol
Andrew Warhola,
popularly known as Andy
Warhol was the central
figure of the American Pop
Art movement. He became
famous worldwide for his
avant-garde Pop Art
paintings and screen
printings.
He started out in
advertising and
was also a
commercial
illustrator and was
highly successful.

Andy Warhol used
photographic silk-
screening, a method of
mass production to create
his paintings of assembly
line objects and
celebrities, whom he
thought were themselves
mass-produced.
The process he used
allowed him to create a
large number of prints,
with each print somewhat
different from the other.
Michael Jackson, Time
Cover

Andy Warhol referred
to himself as a re-
creator, rather than a
creator of Art.
He established himself as a Pop
Art icon through his iconic
multiple silkscreened images of
Campbell’s soup cans, that made
him an instant celebrity.
Warhol’s repetitive soup cans,
Coca Cola bottles and dollar bills
represented mass production
and assembly line objects that
demand quick recognition and
consumption.
Campbell Soup Cans
Knives

10 Coca-Cola Bottles “What’s great about this
country is that America started the
tradition where the richest consumers buy
essentially the same things as the poorest.
You can be watching TV ads see Coca-Cola
and you can know that the President
drinks Coke, Liz Taylor drinks Coke, and
just think, you can drink Coke too. A Coke
is a Coke and no amount of money can get
you a better Coke than the one the bum on
the corner is drinking. All the Cokes are the
same and all the Cokes are good. Liz
Taylor knows it, the President knows it, the
bum knows it, and you know it.”
- Andy Warhol

Warhol appropriated
(used without
permission) images of
objects from
magazines,
newspapers and also
from press photos,
the most popular
people of his time to
create his silkscreen
masterpieces.
Elizabeth Taylor
Green Liz, Andy
Warhol

He also took screen-tests
of models and used their
photographs for his
paintings.
Liza Minnelli, 1977
Liza Minnelli, 1979

Warhol had a very special
interest in movie stars and
was obsessed with
Hollywood’s fame and
glamour. This passion of his
was represented in his art
in 1962 when he started
creating portraits of
Marilyn Monroe.
He made portraits of other
movie stars and music
artistes too. All of them
were icons of consumerist
and Hollywood obsessed
America.

Jacqueline Kennedy, wife of
John.F.Kennedy
Mao-Tse-tung
Warhol also
painted some well known
Heads of State like
Chairman Mao and Jackie

“I'm not really sure what social message my art
carries, if any. And I don't really want it to carry
one.
I'm not interested in the subject matter to try to
teach society anything, or to try to better our world
in any way.”
“All my art is in some way about other art, even
if the other art is cartoons.”

Like Andy Warhol, Roy
Lichtenstein started by
working in the
commercial graphic
business for a while -
making designs and
decorating shop windows
and advertising for local
grocery stores.. He also
worked as an art
professor at a few
universities.

He dabbled in Cubism and
also Abstract Expressionism
for a while, but was soon
disillusioned with the style,
and sought to create a style
that would be unique to
him.
His first proto-pop painting
was the Ten Dollar Bill in
1956.
Ten Dollar Bill

Look Mickey.
Roy Lichtenstein’s first painting
in the style of a comic strip
was a painting of Mickey
Mouse and Donald Duck, which
he copied from a book,
changing just a few details.
This use of familiar subjects
like comic strips, bank notes
or advertising and other
regular themes made his art
easily accessible.
Anyone could relate to and
be interested in this kind of
art, even a kid, or the bum
on the roadside corner.

Hopel
ess
Popeye
Lichtenstein adopted a
commercial art style, showing
everyday objects in a comic
book style by using bold and
bright colours, prominent
black outlines, balloons of
speech or thought (or music)
and patterns of dots to create
distinctive popular works.
Unlike the Abstract
Expressionists, Lichtenstein
liked mimicking familiar
images in popular culture.

Crying
Lichtenstein’s Painting process
would start with selecting a
character from one of the
various comics available. These
were mostly blond, anonymous,
beautiful women, often
unhappily bothered by men.

He would modify the existing picture a little bit,(sometimes taking
liberties with the original piece) but still imparting his personal
style to it , giving it a mystical quality.
Original Roy’s
Version

Benday-
Dots
The Sound of
Lichtenstein worked a lot with
stencils, using Benday-Dots(rows of
oversized dots ), a technique used to
print comics, making his paintings or
prints look like a huge mass
publication product, like they were
machine made. He used Benday
Dots because he did not want his
brush strokes to be seen.
The Ben-Day dots allowed
Lichtenstein’s paintings to look
both more and less artificial. They
signify mechanical reproduction,
but they also add suggestions of
light and reflection, shifting colors
and variations in touch.
Lichtenstein’s cultivation and
manipulation of the dot pattern

Presidential Candidate Bobby
Kennedy
This cover commented on the gun’s rule in
America after Bobby Kennedy’s and
Martin Luther King’s assassinations.
Roy Lichtenstein also created artwork for Time Magazine,
commenting on importantevents that
occurred.

Pop Art reflected the times it was made in; found art in
commonplace every-day objects - soup cans, hot dogs, cars and so
on and reflected the dynamic world of the media, film, advertising
and comic books.
In short, it is all the things we see in our day to day lives, just
through different lenses. Humorous lenses, sarcastic lenses, even
pointless lenses that can only validate themselves...
A Summary

Optical Art
• The term Op Art refers to Optical Art.
• Art that plays tricks on our eyes.
• It was first called “kinetic art” – art which
actually moves.

Terms We Need to Know
Elements
• Space:
– There are two types of space; positive
(filled-in) and negative (empty)
– Space deals with how open some areas
are and how filled-in others are

Principles
• Movement
– Can be real (like in mobiles) or created
– How the piece is arranged to make our
eyes move
• Do our eyes move quickly? Slowly?

Actual Movement
Visual Movement

Principles
• Contrast
– The difference between different elements
in a piece of art
– The difference in how light and dark the
colors or values in a piece are
• Black and white is the greatest contrast you
can have in terms of value

Flashback to the 1960s
• The world was in a state of
flux - everything was
changing
• President Kennedy had just
been assassinated
• The Civil Rights movement
was taking place
• The Beatles were forever
changing the sound of music
• The “ideal” 1950s were
fading away and the radical
change of the 1960s and
youth culture were taking
place

The 1960s in Art
• Art during the 1960s
was no different.
• Artists had started
experimenting with
abstract art - art that
does not show
objects as they
appear in real life

Jackson
Pollock was
throwing paint
around to show
movement.
Abstract
Expressionism

Jackson Pollock,
Number 1, 1950
(Lavender Mist),
1950,
National Gallery of
Art, Washington DC

Andy Warhol was
creating multiples of
pop culture images like
Marilyn Monroe.
Pop Art

Roy
Lichtenstein
was painting
comic book
pages.
Pop Art

And Mark Rothko was
trying to capture emotions
with fields of color.
Color Field Painting

Mark Rothko,
Four Darks in
Red,
Oil on Canvas,
1958,
102 x 116”
Whitney Museum
of American Art

Art Had Gone Mad
Gone were the days of painting a portrait or a vase of
flowers. Art had to be more thoughtful, more
academic.
The Optical Artists didn’t want to be any
different. They based a whole movement
around how we see.

Victor Vasarely (vah-sah-ray-lee)
• Considered the
Father of Op Art.
• French artist who
explored visual
illusions, and
combined geometric
shapes with color
and value to result
in optical illusions.

Victor Vasarely,
Vega 200,
1968,
Oil on Canvas,
200 x 200 cm,
Foundation
Vasarely

Bridget Riley
• Concerned of the
most effective Op
Art Illusionists.
• British artist
concerned with
creating movement
in black and white
and disorientation

Bridget Riley
Movement in
Squares,
1961
Tempera on Board,
48 x 48 “,
Private Collection.

M.C. Escher
• Dutch graphic artist
who explored
mathematics.
• He featured
impossible
constructions,
explorations of
infinity, architecture
and tessellations.

MC Escher,
Sky and Water I,
1938,
Woodcut,
17.1 x 17.3”
MC Escher Gallery
Tessellation: Similar to a motif; a shape that is repeated in a work
of art that fills the entire space and leaves no empty (negative)
spaces nor overlapping parts.

#1: Which center circle is bigger?

#2: What do you notice about the
lines that stretch across the image?

#4: How many faces do you see?

Color Op
When you stare at a color for a long time, then
you stare into an empty space… you can
sometimes see the opposite of that color!!

#5: Stare at the center for 15
seconds and then on a white
surface– what do you see?

#6: How many black dots are there?

#7: How many triangles are
there?

#9: Do you look through the cylinder from the
right, or from the left?

#10: The Ames Room
Can one girl really be that much bigger
than the other?

Extra Credit:
Click on the link below and open it.
Read about the Ames Room.
Type a ONE PAGE paper on the Ames Room
•Double-spaced
•Correct grammar & spelling
•12 point font – Times New Roman.
DUE: FRIDAY, MARCH21, 2014
Further Reading:
http://psylux.psych.tu-dresden.de/i1/kaw/diverses%20Materia

Impossible Figures
Objects that can be represented in two-
dimensional pictures but cannot exist in
three-dimensional space

You will learn and practice three main types of optical
illusions in your sketchbook:
- Rail Road Tracks
- Circus Tent
- Checkerboard
Once you have completed these exercises you will
use your handout to come up with 6 more sketches of
your own.

Lesson in art part 1 Q1 and Q2 by S. will

Lesson in art part 1 Q1 and Q2 by S. will

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