Lecture 01 Introduction To Multimedia.pptx

Contents
 Introduction
 Multimedia elements
 Multimedia applications
 Multimedia systems architecture

Definitions and terminologies
Multimedia:
Multimedia means that computer information can be
represented through audio, video, and animation in addition to
traditional media (i.e., text, graphics drawings, images).
A good general definition is:
Multi
Many, Multiple,
Media
Tools that are used to represent or do a certain things, delivery medium, a
form of mass communication – newspaper, magazine / tv.
Distribution tool & information presentation – text, graphic, voice, images,
music and etc.
Introduction

Definitions and terminologies
Multimedia:
Multimedia is more than one parallel presentation medium (for
example, on CD-ROM or a Web site). Although still images are a
different medium than text, multimedia is typically used to mean the
combination of text, sound, and/or motion video. Some people might
say that the addition of animated images (for example, animated GIF
on the Web)
Introduction

Components of Multimedia
The various components of multimedia are Text, Audio, Graphics, Video
and Animation. All these components work together to represent
information in an effective and easy manner.
1)Text: Text is the most common medium of representing the information.
In multimedia, text is mostly use for titles, headlines, menu etc.
2)Audio: In multimedia audio means related with recording, playing etc.

Components of Multimedia
3)Graphics: Every multimedia presentation is based on graphics. The
used of graphics in multimedia makes the concept more effective and
presentable. the commonly used software for viewing graphics are
windows Picture, Internet Explorer etc.
4)Video: Video means moving pictures with sound. It is the best way to
communicate with each other.
5)Animation: In computer animation is used to make changes to the
images so that the sequence of the images appears to be moving pictures.

Graphics Design and Print
media
Graphic design, also known as communication design, is the art
and practice of planning and projecting ideas and experiences with
visual and textual content. The form of the communication can be
physical or virtual, and may include images, words, or graphic
forms.

An Analog and Digital system
Analogue signals: These are usually older
electronic gadgets (introduced before the mid
1990’s). A good example of an analogue
signal is the loud-speaker of a stereo system.
When the volume is turned up the sound
increases slowly and constantly.
Examples of analogue systems include;
Old radios, megaphones and the volume
control on old telephone hand sets.

An Analog and Digital system
Digital signals: Modern electronic products
such as computers and mobile phones
depend on digital signals. However, a good
example of a digital signal is Morse Code.
The signal is sent as a series of ‘on’ and ‘off’
pulses. The signal is either present or it is
not. Morse code was introduced in 1837 by
Samuel Morse, as a method of
communication.

Hypermedia and Multimedia
Multimedia:
When we talk about multimedia, first things comes into mind are graphics,
drawings, music and videos and that is right. So, the definition of multimedia, is any
kind of computer or other technological information and material which can be
presented through images, graphics, drawings, videos, music or animations.
Hypermedia:
Hypermedia is a complex term than multimedia. A little effort will be
required to completely understand its core concept. Hypermedia means converting
graphics, audios, videos, text, animation, hyperlinks, drawings, etc.
If you are reading a document or book on your computer, it allows you to
navigate on any part of the document. It is also the fundamental and structural part
of the World Wide Web.

Hypermedia Example
Using a web browser, anyone can browse through pages
of online newspapers, read articles, and view pictures or
audio/video presentations. In addition, readers can locate a specific
article by performing index searches, or by typing detailed
requests. In some cases, the user may participate in chat groups
and provide feedback to the editors. This type of interactivity
requires bringing together images, text, audio, and video elements.

WORLD WIDE WEB
The World Wide Web is the largest and most commonly
used hypermedia application. Its popularity is due to the
amount of information available from web servers, the
capacity to post such information, and the ease of
navigating such information with a web browser.
(WWW) Technology is maintained and developed by
the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C),

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Stands for "Hypertext Transfer Protocol." HTTP is the protocol used
to transfer data over the web. It is part of the Internet protocol suite
and defines commands and services used for transmitting webpage
data.
HTTP is short for HyperText Transfer Protocol. HTTP is the
underlying protocol used by the World Wide Web and this protocol
defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, and what
actions Web servers and browsers should take in response to
various commands.
HTTP also defines commands such as GET and POST, which are
used to handle form submissions on websites.

HyperText Markup Language (HTML)
Hyper Text Markup Language, commonly abbreviated as HTML, is
the standard markup language used to create web pages. Along
with CSS, and JavaScript, HTML is a cornerstone technology used
to create web pages, as well as to create user interfaces for mobile
and web applications.

MULTIMEDIA SOFTWARE TOOLS
These tools are really only the beginning - a fully functional multimedia
project can also call for stand-alone programming as well as just the use of
predefined tools to fully exercise the capabilities of machines.
• Music sequencing and notation
• Digital audio
• Graphics and image editing
• Video editing
• Animation
• Multimedia authoring

Music Sequencing and Notation
 Cakewalk :Cakewalk is a well known older name for what is now called Pro
Audio. The firm producing this sequencing and editing software, Twelve
Tone Systems, also sells an introductory version of their software,
"CakewalkExpress", The term sequencer comes from older devices that
stored sequences of notes in the MIDI music language
 Cubase : Cubase 1S another sequencing/editing program, with capabilities
similar to those of Cakewalk.. It includes some digital audio editing tools
 Macromedia Soundedit : Soundedit is a mature program for creating audio
for multimedia projects and the web that integrates well with other
Macromedia products

Digital Audio
Digital Audio tools deal with accessing and editing the actual sampled sounds that make
up audio.
 Cool Edit: Cool Edit is a powerful, popular digital audio toolkit with
capabilities (for PC users, at least) that emulate a professional audio studio,
including multitrack productions and sound file editing, along with digital
signal processing effects.
 Sound Forge: Sound Forge is a sophisticated PC-based program for
editing WAY files. Sound can be captured from a CD-ROM drive or from
tape or microphone through the sound card, then mixed and edited. It also
permits adding complex special effects.
 Pro Tools: Pro Tools is a high-end integrated audio production and editing
environment that runs on Macintosh computers as well as Windows. Pro
Tools offers easy MIDI creation and manipulation as well as powerful audio
mixing, recording, and editing software.

Graphics and Image Editing:
 Adobe Illustrator: illustrator is a powerful publishing tool for creating and
editing vector graphics, which can easily be exported to use on the web.
 Adobe Photoshop: Photoshop is the standard in a tool for graphics, image
processing, and image manipulation. Layers of images, graphics, and text
can be separately manipulated for maximum flexibility, and its "filter factory"
permits creation of sophisticated lighting effects.
 Macromedia Freehand: Freehand is a text and web graphics editing tool
that supports many bitmap formats, such as GIF, PNG, and JPEG. These
are pixel-based formats, in that each pixel is specified. It also supports
vector-based formats, in which endpoints of lines are specified instead of
the pixels themselves, such as SWF (Macromedia Flash) and FHC
(Shockwave Freehand). It can also read Photoshop format.

Video Editing:
 Adobe Premiere: Premiere is a simple, intuitive video editing tool for
nonlinear editing - putting video clips into any order. Video and audio are
arranged in tracks, like a musical score. It provides a large number of video
and audio tracks, superimpositions, and virtual clips. A large library of built-
in transitions, filters, and motions for clips allows easy creation of effective
multimedia productions.
 Adobe After Effects: After Effects is a powerful video editing tool that
enables users to add and change existing movies with effects such as
lighting, shadows, and motion blurring. It also allows layers, as in
Photoshop, to permit manipulating objects independently.

Animation:
 Multimedia AP Is Java3D is an API used by Java to construct and render
3D graphics, similar to the way Java Media Framework handles media files.
It provides a basic set of object primitives (cube, splines, etc.)
 OpenGL was created in 1992 and has become the most popular 3D API in
use today. OpenGL is highly portable and will run on all popular modern
operating systems, such as UNIX, Linux, Windows, and Macintosh.
 GIF Animation Packages For a simpler approach to animation that also
allows quick development of effective small animations for the web, many
shareware and other programs permit creating animated GIF images.

Multimedia Authoring: Tools that provide the capability for creating a
complete multimedia presentation, including interactive user control, are called
authoring programs.
 Macromedia Flash: Flash allows users to create interactive movies by
using the score metaphor - a timeline arranged in parallel event sequences,
much like a musical score consisting of musical notes. Elements in the
movie are called symbols in Flash. Symbols are added to a central
repository, called a library, and can be added to the movie's timeline.
 Macromedia Director: Director uses a movie metaphor to create
interactive presentations. This powerful program includes a built-in scripting
language, Lingo, that allows creation of complex interactive movies
 Authorware : Authorware is a mature, well-supported authoring product
that has an easy learning curve for computer science students because it is
based on the idea of flowcharts (the so-called iconic/flow-control metaphor).
It allows hyperlinks to link text, digital movies, graphics, and sound.

Multimedia Systems
Characteristics of Multimedia Systems :
A Multimedia system has four basic characteristics:
 Multimedia systems must be controlled by
computer.
 Multimedia systems are integrated.
 The information must be presented digitally.
 Interactive elements usually present in the
interface of the final presentation.

Multimedia Systems
Challenges for multimedia systems :
 Sequencing within the media -- playing frames in
correct order/time frame in video
 Synchronization -- inter-media scheduling (e.g.
Video and Audio in Lip synchronization)
 Digitization -- translated from analog source to
digital representation
 Data Compression – data storage, transfer
(bandwidth) and processing overheads are high

Linear VS Non-Linear
A Multimedia Project is identified as Linear when:
 It is not interactive
 Users have no control over the content that is being showed
to them.
 users can sit back and watch it just as they do a movie or the
television.
Example:
 A movie
 A non-interactive lecture / demo show
LINEAR

Linear VS Non-Linear
A Multimedia Project is identified as Non-Linear when:
 It is interactive
 Users have control over the content that is being showed to them.
 Users are given navigational control
Example:
 Games
 Courseware
NON-LINEAR

Multimedia Developers, Multimedia
Project & Multimedia Title
The people who weave multimedia into meaningful
wall hanging are called multimedia developers.
The software, the messages, and the content
presented on a computer, television screen, PDA
(personal digital assistant), or mobile phone together
constitute a multimedia project.
If the project is to be shipped or sold to consumers or
end users, typically delivered as a download on the
Internet but also on a CD-ROM or DVD in a box or
sleeve, with or without instructions, it is called a
multimedia title.

Elements of Multimedia
TEXT
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 A broad term for something that contains words to express
something.
 Text is the most basic element of multimedia.
 A good choice of words could help convey the intended message to the
users (keywords).
 Used in contents, menus, navigational buttons
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TEXT
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 Example
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GRAPHIC
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 Two-dimensional figure or illustration
 Could be produced manually (by drawing, painting, carving,
etc.) or by computer graphics technology.
 Used in multimedia to show more clearly what a particular
information is all about (diagrams, picture).
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GRAPHIC
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 Example
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AUDIO
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 Produced by vibration, as perceived by the sense of
hearing.
 In multimedia, audio could come in the form of
speech, sound effects and also music score.
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AUDIO
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 Example
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ANIMATION
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 The impression of motion created by the consecutive display
of images of static elements.
 In multimedia, animation is used to further enhance /
enriched the experience of the user to further understand the
information conveyed to them.
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ANIMATION
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 Example
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VIDEO
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 Is the technology of capturing, recording, processing,
transmitting, and reconstructing moving pictures.
 Video is more towards photo realistic image sequence / live
recording as in comparison to animation.
 Video also takes a lot of storage space. So plan carefully
before you are going to use it.
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Tools
Audio
 Adobe audition
 Fruity loops
 Sound Foundry
 Audacity (free)
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Tools
Video
 Ulead Video studio
 Pinnacle Studio
 Windows Movie Maker ( Free)
 Adobe Premiere Pro
 Camtasia
 Sony Vegas
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Tools
Graphics
 openGL
 3D Max
 Maya
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Tools
Text, Images & Animations
 PhotoShop
 HTML5
 CSS3
 Jquery
 Gif Animator
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Importance of Multimedia
There are a number of fields where
multimedia could be of use. Examples
are:-
 Business
 Education
 Entertainment
 Home
 Public Places

Business
 Use and Applications
 Sales / Marketing Presentation
 Trade show production
 Staff Training Application
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Education
 Courseware / Simulations
 E-Learning / Distance Learning
 Information Searching
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Entertainment
 Games
 Movies
 Video on Demand
 Online
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Home
 Television
 Satellite TV
 SMS services (chats, voting, reality TV)
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Public Places
 Smart Cards
 Security
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Lecture 01 Introduction To Multimedia.pptx

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