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Java- JDBC- Mazenet Solution
The document serves as an introduction to JDBC (Java Database Connectivity), covering its components such as JDBC drivers, how to connect to a database, and transaction management. It details different types of JDBC drivers, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the steps required to establish a connection to an Oracle database. Furthermore, it discusses transaction management principles and the benefits of using prepared statements and batch processing for improved performance.
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Introduction to JDBC API, its purpose in connecting Java applications to databases.
Explanation of JDBC technology compared to ODBC, and details on different types of JDBC drivers: JDBC-ODBC, Native-API, Network Protocol, and Thin drivers.
Advantages and disadvantages of various JDBC drivers along with detailed descriptions of each.
Step-by-step guide on connecting to an Oracle database using JDBC, covering registering drivers, creating connections, executing queries, and closing connections.
Overview of key JDBC components such as DriverManager, Connection, Statement, ResultSet, PreparedStatement, and ResultSetMetaData.
Understanding transaction management in JDBC, including ACID properties and advantages of managing transactions.
Utilizing batch processing in JDBC, including its advantages and a practical example of executing batch queries.
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Java- JDBC- Mazenet Solution
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- 2. Objective • Introduction toJDBC • JDBC Drivers • Steps to connect database • ResultSet • Statement & PreparedStatement • Transaction Management • Batch Processing
- 3. Introduction • Java JDBCis a java API to connect and execute query with the database. • JDBC API uses jdbc drivers to connect with the database.
- 5. Why we useJDBC? • Before JDBC, ODBC API is used • ODBC API uses ODBC driver • ODBC Driver written in C language – platform dependent and – unsecured. • That is why Java has defined its own API (JDBC API) that uses JDBC drivers (written in Java language).
- 6. API • API (Applicationprogramming interface) is a document that contains description of all the features of a product or software. • It represents classes and interfaces that software programs can follow to communicate with each other. • An API can be created for applications, libraries, operating systems, etc
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- 8. JDBC Drivers • JDBCDriver is a software component • enables java application to interact with the database
- 9. Types of JDBCDrivers 1. JDBC-ODBC bridge driver 2. Native-API driver (partially java driver) 3. Network Protocol driver (fully java driver) 4. Thin driver (fully java driver)
- 10. 1. JDBC-ODBC bridgeDriver • This uses ODBC driver to connect to the database. • This driver converts JDBC method calls into the ODBC function calls.
- 12. Advantages •easy to use. •canbe easily connected to any database. Disadvantages •Performance degraded because JDBC method call is converted into the ODBC function calls. •The ODBC driver needs to be installed on the client machine.
- 13. 2. Native –API Driver • It uses the client-side libraries of the database. • It converts JDBC method calls into native calls of the database API. • It is not written entirely in java.
- 15. Advantages • performance upgradedthan JDBC-ODBC bridge driver. Dis-advantages •The Native driver needs to be installed on the each client machine. •The Vendor client library needs to be installed on client machine.
- 16. 3. Network Protocoldriver • It uses middleware (application server) that converts JDBC calls directly or indirectly into the vendor-specific database protocol. • It is fully written in java.
- 18. Advantages No client sidelibrary is required because of application server that can perform many tasks like auditing, load balancing, logging etc. Dis-advantages • Network support is required on client machine. Requires database-specific coding to be done in the middle tier. •Maintenance of Network Protocol driver becomes costly because it requires database-specific coding to be done in the middle tier.
- 19. 4. Thin Layer •The thin driver converts JDBC calls directly into the vendor-specific database protocol. • It is fully written in Java language.
- 21. Advantages •Better performance thanall other drivers. •No software is required at client side or server side. Dis-advantages • Drivers depends on the Database.
- 22. Steps to connectoracle Database
- 23. 5 Steps toconnect to the database in java • Register the driver class • Creating connection • Creating statement • Executing queries • Closing connection
- 24. 1. Register thedriver class • The forName() method of Class class is used to register the driver class. • This method is used to dynamically load the driver class. Syntax of forName() method public static void forName(String className)throws ClassNotFoundEx ception Example to register the OracleDriver class Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
- 25. 2. Create theconnection object • The getConnection() method of DriverManager class is used to establish connection with the database. Syntax of getConnection() method 1) public static Connection getConnection(String url)throws SQLException 2) public static Connection getConnection(String url,String name,String pas sword) throws SQLException Example to establish connection with the Oracle database Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe","system","password");
- 26. 3) Create theStatement object • The createStatement() method of Connection interface is used to create statement. • The object of statement is responsible to execute queries with the database. Syntax of createStatement() method public Statement createStatement()throws SQLException Example to create the statement object Statement stmt=con.createStatement();
- 27. 4. Execute thequery • It is used to execute queries to the database. • This method returns the object of ResultSet that can be used to get all the records of a table. Syntax of executeQuery() method public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql)throws SQLException Example to execute query ResultSet rs=stmt.executeQuery("select * from emp"); while(rs.next()){ System.out.println(rs.getInt(1)+" "+rs.getString(2)); }
- 28. 5. Close theconnection object • By closing connection object statement and ResultSet will be closed automatically. • The close() method of Connection interface is used to close the connection. Syntax of close() method public void close()throws SQLException Example to close connection con.close();
- 29. DriverManager Class • Itacts as an interface between user and drivers. • It keeps track of the drivers that are available and handles establishing a connection between a database and the appropriate driver.
- 30. Connection interface • AConnection is the session between java application and database. • The Connection interface provide many methods for transaction management like commit(),rollback() etc. Note: By default, connection commits the changes after executing queries.
- 31. Statement Interface • TheStatement interface provides methods to execute queries with the database. • It provides factory method to get the object of ResultSet.
- 32. ResultSet Interface • Theobject of ResultSet maintains a cursor pointing to a particular row of data. • Initially, cursor points to before the first row. Statement stmt = con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENS ITIVE, ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE);
- 33. PreparedStatement Interface • ThePreparedStatement interface is a subinterface of Statement. • It is used to execute parameterized query String sql="insert into emp values(?,?,?)";
- 34. Why we usePreparedStatement? • Improves performance: The performance of the application will be faster if you use PreparedStatement interface because query is compiled only once.
- 35. ResultSetMetaData Interface • Themetadata means data about data i.e. we can get further information from the data. • Metadata of a table – total number of column, – column name, – column type etc. , • ResultSetMetaData interface is useful because it provides methods to get metadata from the ResultSet object.
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- 37. Transaction Management • Transactionrepresents a single unit of work. • The ACID properties describes the transaction management well. • ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, isolation and durability.
- 38. Transaction Management • Atomicitymeans either all successful or none. • Consistency ensures bringing the database from one consistent state to another consistent state. • Isolation ensures that transaction is isolated from other transaction. • Durability means once a transaction has been committed, it will remain so, even in the event of errors, power loss etc.
- 39. Advantage of Transaction management •Fast performance - It makes the performance fast because database is hit at the time of commit.
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- 42. • Instead ofexecuting a single query, we can execute a batch (group) of queries. • It makes the performance fast. • java.sql.Statement & java.sql.PreparedStatement interfaces provide methods for batch processing.
- 43. Example for BatchProcessing • Load the driver class • Create Connection • Create Statement • Add query in the batch • Execute Batch • Close Connection
- 44.