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Diet 2
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- 2. INTRODUCTION • Ahar-vihar whichdo not adversely affect the body and mind are regarded as healthy diet, those which adversely affect them are considered to be unhealthy diet. • The purpose of intake of wholesome diets etc., is to maintain normal health and alleviate the various diseases.
- 3. Continue... • As itis essential to take into account the psychological aspect of the treatment, the determination of healthy diet also includes personal liking of the patients. • That is to say, a given diet or drug will not be effective if it is taken unwillingly by the individual person, • it will more effective only when the individual has a feeling that by taking it he will be able to maintain his normal health
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- 5. Meaning of Ahara A –meansBody/ Sharira Hara-means taking the food from outside to inside It means: "taking the necessary amount of food from the nature to survive the life" “नैसर्गाक पद्धर्ासे, जीवन नावगगह हेर्ु अत्यगवश्यक पदगर्ाग बगहर से लेनग - आहगर”
- 6. MODERN MEDICAL • Medically … •As in the Dictionary • A regulated course of eating and drinking • What Doctor’s say ? • A healthy Digestive system along with a healthy Excretory system is the key to remain healthy. • This basically means keeping Annamaya Kosh healthy 6
- 7. UPANISHAD • Chandogy upanishad •"YATRA ANNA TATRA MANAHA" • Taittairiya upanisha • "ANNAM BRAMHETI VYJANAT" • (FOOD IS BRAHMAN)
- 8. AYURVEDA पथ्यंपथोऽनपेर्ंयद्यच्चोक्र्ंमनसः प्रियम यच्चगप्रियमपथ्यंच र्नयर्ंर्न्नलक्षयेर् - Ch.Su.25/45 The aahar-vihar which is beneficial and nutritional to the body and also give the happiness to the mind is known as Pathya and opposite to that is known as Apathya.
- 9. BHAGAVAD GITA अहं वैश्वगनरो भूत्वगिगणिनगं देहमगश्रिर्: | िगिगपगनसमगयुक्र्: पचगम्यन्नं चर्ुप्रवाधम् || 15.14|| ahaṁ vaiśhvānaro bhūtvā prāṇināṁ deham āśhritaḥ prāṇāpāna-samāyuktaḥ pachāmy annaṁ chatur-vidham MEANING: It is I who take the form of the fire of digestion in the stomachs of all living beings, and combine with the incoming and outgoing breaths, to digest and assimilate the four kinds of foods.
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- 11. COMPARATIVE FOOD WITH MODERNMEDCINE Modern medicine • 1) Provide Energy • 2) Build New Cells • 3) Replacement of wear & tear • 4) Growth Yoga • 1)Expansion of panch prana • 2) Energising the Physical Body (Annamay Kosh) • 3) Expression of MANAS (Manas, bhuddi, ahankar, chitta)
- 12. Why we need food Foods andnutrients. • A food provides nutrients. ... energy for activity, growth, and all functions of the body such as • Breathing, • Digesting food, • Maintaining the body temperature • For the growth and repair of the body, • Keeping the immune system healthy. • Prevent the pscychosomatic diseases
- 13. CONCEPT OF YOGIC DIET Philosophy ofYogic Diet does not believe in……. • Calorie count of food …..or… • Amount of Vitamins, • Minerals, Proteins etc….. Focus on ….. • Nutrition • Not taste( not to be a slave of taste buds) • Moderation • Self-discipline on choice of food- essential for good health & spiritual journey • TO SUMMARISE --- A Diet that is wholly conducive to the practice of Yoga & Spiritual Progress is called YOGIC DIET
- 14. YOGIC DIET • Itincludes all sources of Energy we imbibe • Air–Water–Food (as we know it) • Food for all 5 sensory organs • Eyes - sight • Ears - hearing • Nose - smell • Skin - touch • Tongue - taste All have impact on both Body & Mind
- 15. Hatha Pradipika clearly mentions Root cause ofmost of the diseases is a result of.... *Wrong food habits *Inappropriate Diet *Bad Lifestyle Focus on … *Diet to be taken *Diet to be avoided
- 16. Hatha yoga pradeepika- 1.62 Godhumashaaliyavashastikashobhana ksherajyakhandanavaneethasitamadhu ni Shuntipatolaphaladipanchashakam mudgadidivya mudakanchyamendra pathyam. The most conducive food for yogis are good grains, wheat, rice barely, milk, ghee, brown sugar, sugar candy, honey, dry ginger, patola fruit(spices of cucumber),five vegetables, mung and such pulses, and pure water. The food advised here are provides all essential of body like carbohydrates, vitamins, proteins, fat etc…It’s also advised in this shloka to take pure water, which is very essential for the body.
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- 18. Hatha yoga pradeepika- 1.63 Pustam sumadhuram,snigdham, gavyam, dhatuposhanam Manobhilishitam yogi bhojanamacharet. The yogi should take nourishing and sweet food mixed with ghee and milk; it should nourish the dhathus (basic body constituents) and be pleasing and suitable.
- 19. Hatha yoga pradeepika- 1.59 ‘Katvamlatiikshnalavanoshnasheetha shaka sauveeratailatilasarshapa madyamtsayan. Ajadimamsaditaktrakulapinyakainguul ashunadyamapathyamahuh.’ Thefood which are prohibited (for the yoga) are : those which are bitter, sour, pungent, salty, heating, green vegetables(other than those ordained),sour gruel, oil, sesame and mustard, alcohol, fish, flesh foods, curds, buttermilk, horse gram, fruit of jujube, oil cakes, asafoetida and garlic.
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- 21. hing & garlicstimulates sex hormones, they are strong leave the odour in the body, small quantity consider as medicine
- 22. Hatha yoga pradeepika- 1.60 • Bhojanamahitam vidyatpunarasyoshnikrtam rukshamatilavanammalayuktam kadashanashakotkantam varjyam • Unhealthy diet should not br taken, yhat which is related after becoming cold, which is dry (devoid of natural oil), which is excessively salty or acidic, stale or has too many (mixed) vegetables.
- 23. • Pathya andapathy holistic and scientific approaches in health management. The importance of diet as importance as medicine. The diet, exercise, different types of treatment and medicine which is beneficial to the body and gives the happiness to the mind is known as pathya. Most of the health problems develop due to the faulty eating habits. To adopt planning diet is very important to maintain health
- 24. • The planningof diet mentioned in our classical literature is very rational and based on certain principles. Lot of importance is given to the diet with regard to its processing, quality, quantity and so on. Due consideration is given to the atmosphere, psychological condition, status of health, digestion etc. of the person while dealing with this issue. The diet should also be planned according to the age, season, habitat and the preference of the person.
- 25. • The properuse of diet not only prevents the diseases but plays major role in the management of the diseases. It is possible if one uses diet considering the tridosa, prakriti, satmya of person as well as panchabhautik composition of dietary substances. Pathya regimen is also discussed in detail in Ayurveda which play an important role in prevention as well as cure of different diseases.
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- 27. One who practicesYoga without moderation of diet ,incurs various diseases , and obtains no success . || GS 5.16 ||
- 28. Hatha yoga pradeepika-1.58 •‘Susnigdha madhurahara chaturthashavivarjitaha Bhujyate shiva samprityi mitaharaha a sa uchyate’ • Mitahara is defined as agreeable and sweet food, leaving one fourth of the stomach free and eaten (as an offering to please Shiva). • This clearly says one should not over eat at all, Half of the stomach has to be filled with solid food, remaining one fourth one has to take water, and one should keep last one forth free.
- 29. युक्र्गहगरप्रवहगरस्य युक्र्चे्टसस्य कमासु | युक्र्स्वप्नगवबोधस्ययोर्ो भवतर् दु:खहग ||6. 17|| yuktāhāra-vihārasya yukta- cheṣhṭasya karmasu yukta-svapnāvabodhasya yogo bhavati duḥkha-hā For him who is moderate in 1. food and recreation, 2. efforts in all actions, 3. sleep and wakefulness, • yoga destroys all pain and suffering
- 30. . अत्यगहगरः परयगसश्छ परजल्पोतनयमगग्रहः | जन-सङ्र्श्छ लौलयं छ षहड्भभयोर्ो प्रवनश्यतर् || 1.15 || atyāhāraḥ prayāsaścha prajalpo niyamāghrahaḥ | jana-sangghaścha laulyaṃ cha ṣhaḍbhiryogho vinaśyati Yoga is destroyed by the following six causes:—Over-eating, exertion, talkativeness, adhering to rules, i.e., cold bath in the morning, eating at night, or eating fruits only, company of men, and unsteadiness.
- 31. YOGA BHADAKAS/OBSTACLES OF YOGA SADHANA 1.Atyahara-Over-eating 2. Prayasashacha-exertion, 3. Prajalpo-talkativeness 4. Niyamagraha-adhering to rules 5. Janasangashcha- company of common people 6. Loulyam-unsteadiness. are six which destroy yoga
- 32. अहहंसग सत्यमस्र्ेयं बरह्यछयामकश्हमग धृतर्ः दयगजावं भमर्गहगरः शौछम छैव यमग दश. Mitahara is discussed in Vasista samhita (2.5.1). It is one of the yamas The yamas are • Ahiṃsā (अहहंसग): Nonviolence, • Kṣamā (क्षमग): forgiveness, • Dhṛti (धृतर्): fortitude, • Dayā (दयग): compassion, • Ārjava (आजाव): sincerity, 32
- 33. continued.... • 6 .mitahar(भमर्गहगरः) and • 7. Śauca (शौच): purity, cleanliness. • 8. Satya (सत्य): truthfulness, • 9. Asteya (अस्र्ेय): not stealing, • 10. Brahmacharya (ब्रह्मचया): celibacy • Ashrama • sanyasa:vanaprasta:gruhasta:bram hacharya has to take food in the ratio of 8:16:32:no limit 33
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- 35. TRIGUNA Bhagavad Gita –Chapter 17 According to Yogic Philosophy …….. Mind is formed by the essence of Food- subtlest part of food Intake of pure food results in building … * strong Body * subtle intellect * good memory * leads to peace * progress in spirituality
- 36. Entire Nature composed of Trigunas SATTVA …PURE , LOVE ,LIGHT – responsible for.. knowledge,concentratio n,awareness etc RAJAS………OVER STIMULATING /ACTION ORIENTED /PASSION TAMAS……… DARKNESS ,INERTIA,FOULNESS ACCORDING TO YOGIS …. YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT One’s mental makeup judged from…….. * Type of food one likes to eat * Choice of food reflects your Mental & Spiritual Purity
- 37. Classification of food ModernMedicine • By Origin * Animal * Vegetable • By Function * Body Building * Energy * Maintenance * Immunity Yoga- Gita- Chap-17 • SATTVIK Love,light purity &life • RAJASIK Activity,passion,instability • TAMASIK Darkness ,inertia
- 38. SATTVIK DIET • āyuḥ-sattva-balārogya-sukha- prīti-vivardhanāḥ rasyāḥsnigdhāḥ sthirā hṛidyā āhārāḥ sāttvika-priyāḥ • BG 17.8: Persons in the mode of goodness prefer foods that promote the life span, and increase virtue, strength, health, happiness, and satisfaction. Such foods are juicy, succulent, nourishing, and naturally tasteful.
- 39. SATTVIK DIET FROM SATTVIKAHAR • Fresh & dry fruits ,Nuts • Fresh Vegetables • Wholesome Grains • Fresh Cow Milk & its products • Spices- used sparingly • Honey, sugar candy , sugar - sparingly etc… • All food fresh &natural -not genetically modified. • Free from preservatives , artificial flavorings CHARACTERISTICS • Appetising appearance ..taste & aroma • Is substantial , agreeable • Nourishment • Contentment • Happiness • Light & easily digestable • Removes Laziness • Increases alertness • Positive Thinking & Attitude • Increases vitality • Increases lifespan • Increases endurance • Makes mind pure , calm balanced • Conducive for meditation
- 40. RAJASIK AHAR • kaṭv-amla-lavaṇāty-uṣhṇa- tīkṣhṇa-rūkṣha-vidāhinaḥ āhārārājasasyeṣhṭā duḥkha- śhokāmaya-pradāḥ • BG 17.9: Foods that are too bitter, too sour, salty, very hot, pungent, dry, and chiliful, are dear to persons in the mode of passion. Such foods produce pain, grief, and disease.
- 41. RAJASIK AHAR FROM • Rich& Tasty food • Spicy food • Oily - fried food • Fresh Meat • Quality Wine CHARACTERISTICS • Stimulates Nervous System • Stimulates Metabolism • So basically Stimulating • Goals you towards activity • Energises you • Provides energy at muscular level • Person always has desire for more & more
- 42. TAMASIC DIET • yāta-yāmaṁgata-rasaṁ pūti paryuṣhitaṁ cha yat uchchhiṣhṭam api chāmedhyaṁ bhojanaṁ tāmasa-priyam • BG 17.10: Foods that are overcooked, stale, putrid, polluted, and impure are dear to persons in the mode of ignorance. This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC.
- 43. TAMASIK AHAR FROM Stale Food •Dry food • Leftover food • Tasteless food • Stinking food • Food having no nutrition value Eg.…Meat poultry fish Eggs Alcohol other intoxicants … CHARACTERISTICS • Depletes energy • Decreases Immunity • Makes person Lethargic, irritable, angry, dull , lazy • Creates a feeling of heaviness • Feeling of inertia • Clouded Reasoning powers • Negative thinking & attitude • Negative Emotions- anger, jealousy ,greed…
- 44. अहं वैश्वगनरो भूत्वगिगणिनगं देहमगश्रिर्: | िगिगपगनसमगयुक्र्: पचगम्यन्नं चर्ुप्रवाधम्|| 15.14|| • ahaṁ vaiśhvānaro bhūtvā • prāṇināṁ deham āśhritaḥ prāṇāpāna-samāyuktaḥ • pachāmy annaṁ chatur-vidham • . Krishna himself is the gastric fire • • He resides in all living beings • • Along with balancing of pran/apan • • He also consumes four type of food • 1) Bhaksya – chewed • 2) Bhojya – swallowed • 3) Lehya – licked • 4) Chosya – sucked.
- 45. युक्र्गहगरप्रवहगरस्य युक्र्चे्टसस्य कमासु | युक्र्स्वप्नगवबोधस्ययोर्ो भवतर् दु:खहग ||6. 17|| yuktāhāra-vihārasya yukta-cheṣhṭasya karmasu yukta-svapnāvabodhasya yogo bhavati duḥkha-hā
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- 47. sama doṣāh samāgniśca sama dhātu mala kriyaḥ prasannātmendriya manāḥ svastha ityabidhīyate (Sushruta Samhita, 15.38) • Sushruta has described features of a healthy person in the above shloka. • It follows that the doshas must be in equilibrium, the digestive fire must be in a balanced state , the sapt dhatus & malas must work in normal state. • The sensory & motor organs , mind & atma must also be in a happy state. • Such a state is considered to be Healthy
- 48. The Tridosas- Vata, Pittaand Kapha • The Tridosas-the basic physical energies • govern our entire physical structure and function. • Derived from the Pancamahabhutas, each dosa which like the elements cannot be detected with our senses but their qualities can be – is a combination of any two of the five bhutas with the predominance of one. • Called Vata,Pitta and Kapha • Every physical characteristic, mental capacity and the emotional tendency of a human being can therefore be explained in terms of the tridosas.
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- 50. FUNCTIONS OF VATA • Ingeneral, the functions of Vata are: Control and coordination of different parts of the body • Initiation of all movements • Regulation of psychological processes • Initiation of all activities of sense organs • Transmission of different sensations • Production of speech • Expulsion of wastes from the body and control of respiration (Ca.Su.12/8)
- 51. FUNCTIONS OF PITTA •Pitta‟ includes all those factors responsible for digestion and metabolism. • For all practical purposes, „Agni‟ & „Pitta‟ are to be considered as identical entities (Su. Su. 21/9, Ca.Sū. 12/11). • Agni itself is present in the body in the form of Pitta. • It performs the functions like maintenance of normal digestion, normal vision, normal body temperature, normal complexion, valor, happiness and nutrition. • When it is abnormal, all these functions also will be abnormal (Ca.Sū. 12/11). • Other functions of endocrine system are described under the functions of „Pitta‟.
- 52. FUNCTIONS OF KAPHA •When „Kapha‟ is in its normal state, it provides compactness, stability, virility, immunity and resistance (Ca.Sū. 18/51). • Functions of immune system,circulatory system,joints(senoil fuid) and all such other protective mechanisms in the body have been grouped under „Kapha‟ in Ayurveda.
- 53. SIX TYPES OFRASA
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- 57. Astanga Ayurveda • KayaChikitsa (Medicine) • Salya Chikitsa (Surgery) • Salakya Chikitsa (ENT treatment) • Bala Chikitsa (Pediatric treatment) • Jara Chikitsa (Treatment related to genetics) • Rasayana Chikitsa (Treatment with chemicals) • Vajikarma Chikitsa (Treatment with rejuvenation and aphrodisiacs) • Visha Chikitsa (Toxicology)
- 58. MODERN CONCEPT OF DIETAND HEALTH
- 59. FOOD • Different organism eat differenttypes of food • We eat huge varieties of food • Living organism eat food to survival of life
- 60. WHY WE NEEDFOOD • Food gives us energy • For exercise, any kind of physical activities • For mental activities
- 61. MODERN CONCEPT OFDIET • CARBOHYDRATE • PROTEINS • FATS • VITAMINS • MINERALS • FIBRE • WATER
- 62. NUTRIENTS • CARBOHYDRATE • PROTEINS •FATS • VITAMINS • MINERALS
- 63. CARBOHYDRATES • Carbohydrates areimportant source for our body • It provides energy for the body • Which helps us to do work everyday
- 64. * Starch-corn, potato,cerealsetc * lactose-milk * fructose-banana, apple etc * glucose-honey * cellulose-plants leafy veg
- 65. CARBOHYDRATE • Function:- • ProvideEnergy & Generate heat in the body • Sources:- Cereals-rice,millet,maize,wheat, germinated cereals, pulses • Veg.- potatoes/sweet potatoes • all root vegetables eg. beetroot • Fruits- Apples,Watermelon, grapes, dry fruits • Sugars- Natural Honey, Jaggery Over eating – obesity – so moderation imp.
- 66. PROTEINS • Proteins arevery important for our body • It helps in repairing worn out tissues • Some proteins are – fish , vegetables , etc. • If we don’t have proteins our body will have damaged cells . • proteins come from plants and animals. • It also helps in muscle building
- 67. Proteins • Functions:- • MuscleBuild up- Body Growth • Repair & Maintenance of Body Tissue, • Generation of body heat • Sources:- • Animals-Milk, Curd, Eggs, Meat, Fish • Plants -Peas,Pulses,dals,Cereals, wheat Soya milk & its prodts ...tofu , Paneer etc 67
- 68. FATS Fats are alsolike carbohydrates They provide us energy But eating lot of fats can cause obesity Obesity which is harmful to our body it can lead to heart diseases There are 2 types of fats saturated and unsaturated Saturated fats are solid and unsaturated fats are liquid
- 69. Fats • Functions:- • Providesdouble the amount of heat & energy as against Carbohydrates. • Useful in conditions of emergencies, illness or while fasting. 69
- 70. Fats Sources:- • Animal -Butter , Ghee , Cheese. These provide Saturated fats which increase Bad Cholesterol levels. • Plant - Different vegetable oils. These provide Unsaturated fats which are relatively better for the heart. • Lowers bad cholesterol ( LDL) & increases good cholesterol ( HDL ) Over eating ..leads to sluggish body movements & functioning, obesity & various resulting medical issues
- 71. VITAMINS Vitamins is neededby our body for normal functioning of our body. They help in keeping teeth and bones strong There are fat-soluble vitamins they are stored in the fat tissues .eg: vitamin A,D,E and K There are water-soluble vitamins they are not stored but are used by our body ex vitamin B1,B2,B3 etc.
- 72. Vitamins • Water soluble:B, C • Fat soluble: A, D, E, K • Functions :- • Maintenance and Regulation of various metabolic activities • Provides Antioxidants. • Provides Immunity Lack of vitamins or insufficient quantities can lead to several severe diseases. 72
- 73. Vitamins Food sources:- • Greenleafy vegetables, • Salads • Nuts • Dark Colored Vegetables • Sprouts • Fruits…. Etc…
- 74. MINERALS • Minerals arelike vitamins they help our body to stay healthy • Minerals perform many functions such as formation of bones , teeth ,and blood cells. • There are 2 types of minerals • Marco minerals are needed by the body in large number. • Trace minerals are needed by our body in very small amount.
- 75. Minerals Minerals required inlarge amount: Calcium, Phosphorus, Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Magnesium Minerals required in small amount: Iron, Zinc, Copper, Iodine Function :- Regulation and protection. Food Sources:- Leafy vegetables, salads, milk and milk products
- 76. FIBRES Fibres come fromplants. They do not provide any nutrients to our body and cannot be digested. There are two types fibres, soluble fibres they are soluble in water eg: strawberry, peach , etc. whereas in –soluble fibres are not soluble in water eg: turnip , cabbage , cauliflower etc.
- 77. Fibre Functions:- • Absorbs Water •Increases Stool Bulk • Avoids Constipation • Decreases Blood Cholesterol • Protection Against Colon Cancer. • Creates a feeling of satiety & fullness ... Sources:- • Salad, Fruit & Grains Avoid processed food. Have whole fruits instead of fruit juice. Unpolished cereals Dry fruits..increase roughage This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND.
- 78. WATER • Water isneeded by our body for good health. • Almost 70% ofour body weight is water. • Water is needed by our body for several reasons. • Water helps us transport substances inside our body. • Water help our body to absorb nutrients from food. • It helps to regulate our body temperature. • It is needed for various chemical reactions that take place inside our body during digestion, excretion, etc.
- 79. Water No one cansurvive without water Functions:- • Acts as major component of our body ( 70%). • Medium for body fluids. • Medium fir transportation of nutrients. • Regulates body temperature. • Keeps body cells moist Sources:- All Fluid Intake
- 80. • How welose water from our body . • Our body loses a lot of water as sweat and urine. • Some water also goes out of the body during respiration. • Thus, we need to replenish the water or else it can lead to a condition called dehydration.
- 81. • How toprevent dehydration • To prevent dehydration you should drink at least 8-10 glasses of water. • Milk, fruits, vegetables , and juices are good sources of water. • You can also prevent it by drinking ors (oral rehydration solution).
- 82. Do’s Consider Age, Sex,Body Weight, Habits, lifestyle of person while planning diet In general • Fat – 20% • Carbohydrate – 60% • Protiens – 10% of total energy intake • Rest micronutrieate (Vitamins/ Minerals) Use unsaturated fats Salt < 3 gm / day – Eat Lots of fibrous food / leafy vegitables Share atleast one meal with family Eat Food only when hungry Include fresh seasonal fruits Drink 7 to 8 glasses of water daily 82
- 83. Dont’s Do not watchTV / Read while eating. Do not eat food when you feel low, angry or just to pass your time. Do not criticize food.
- 84. Finaly • Life isevolved from food • Life is sustained from food • Finally life merges with food Food should be your medicine Medicine should not be your food. God Please Give Enough Food to All