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Chapter 05 os dan utility program csc & tts
The document defines an operating system and describes the main types - stand-alone, server, and embedded. It explains the core functions of operating systems like booting, user interface, memory management. It also summarizes several popular stand-alone systems like Windows, Mac OS, Linux and server systems like Windows Server, Solaris. Finally, it outlines common utility programs that support operating systems like file managers, disk cleaners, antivirus software.
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Chapter 05 os dan utility program csc & tts
- 1. CHAPTER 5 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011Edition Living in a Digital World
- 2. Objectives Overview Define system softwareand identify the two types of system software Describe the functions of an operating system Summarize the features of several stand-alone operating systems Identify various server operating systems Briefly describe several embedded operating systems Explain the purpose of several utility programs 2
- 3. TYPES OF COMPUTERSOFTWARE • Computer software can be divided to two types depends on the functions use. The two major types are: – System Software - System software consists of the program that control or maintain the operations of the computer and the computer’s hardware – Application software - Programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist them with personal tasks 3
- 4. System Software • Systemsoftware consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices Operating systems Utility Programs 4
- 5. Operating Systems • Anoperating system (OS) is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources Start and shut down a computer Provide a user interface Manage programs Manage memory Coordinate tasks Configure devices Establish an Internet connection Monitor performance Provide utilities Automatically update Control a network Administer security 5
- 6. Operating Systems • Characteristicsof operating systems: Device –dependent: run only on specific type of computer Proprietary software: privately owned and limited to specific vendor or computer model Downward compatible: works with application software written for earlier version of OS Deviceindependent: run on many manufactures’ computers. Upward compatible: runs on new versions of OS 6
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- 8. Operating System Functions •The process of starting or restarting a computer is called booting Cold boot • Turning on a computer that has been powered off completely Warm boot • Using the operating system to restart a computer 8
- 9. Operating System Functions •An operating system includes various shut down options Sleep mode saves any open documents and programs to RAM, turns off all unneeded functions, and then places the computer in a lowpower state Page 272 Hibernate saves any open documents and programs to a hard disk before removing power from the computer 9
- 10. Operating System Functions •A user interface controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen • With a graphical user interface (GUI), you interact with menus and visual images 10
- 11. Operating System Functions •With a command-line interface, a user uses the keyboard to enter data and instructions 11
- 12. Operating System Functions •How an operating system handles programs directly affects your productivity Single user and multiuser Single tasking and multitasking Foreground and background Multiprocessing 12
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- 14. Operating System Functions •Memory management optimizes the use of RAM • Virtual memory is a portion of a storage medium functioning as additional RAM • Windows ReadyBoost can allocate available memory in flash memory devices as additional memory cache 14
- 15. Operating System Functions •The operating system determines the order in which tasks are processed 15
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- 17. Operating System Functions •Operating systems typically provide a means to establish Internet connections 17
- 18. Operating System Functions •A performance monitor is a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices 18
- 19. Operating System Functions •Operating systems often provide users with the capability of: Managing files Searching for files Viewing images Securing a computer Uninstalling programs Cleaning up disks Defragmenting disks Diagnosing problems Backing up files and disks Setting up screen savers 19
- 20. Operating System Functions •Automatic update automatically provides updates to the program 20
- 21. Operating System Functions •Some operating systems • A network are designed to work administrator uses the with a server on a server operating system network to: – Add and remove users, • A server operating computers, and other system organizes and devices coordinates how – Install software and multiple users access administer network and share resources on security a network 21
- 22. Operating System Functions •Each user has a user account – A user name, or user ID, identifies a specific user – A password is a private combination of characters associated with the user name 22
- 23. Types of OperatingSystems 23
- 24. Stand-Alone Operating Systems •A stand-alone operating system is a complete operating system that works on a desktop computer, notebook computer, or mobile computing device Windows 7 Mac OS X UNIX Linux 24
- 25. Stand-Alone Operating Systems •Windows 7 is Microsoft’s fastest, most efficient operating system to date and is available in multiple editions: Windows 7 Starter Windows 7 Home Premium Windows 7 Ultimate Windows 7 Professional 25
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- 27. Stand-Alone Operating Systems •The Macintosh operating system has set the standard for operating system ease of use • Latest version is Mac OS X 27
- 28. Stand-Alone Operating Systems *UNIX is a multitasking operating system * Is a multiuse, timesharing OS that runs on all types of computers * Linux is an open-source(code is available to public), popular, free, multitasking UNIX-type operating system * Used such as a stand alone and a network OS 28
- 29. Server Operating Systems Windows Server2008 Solaris UNIX Linux NetWare 29
- 30. Server Operating Systems WindowsServer 2008 *is an upgrade to Windows Server 2003 Linux *is also a multipurpose operating system *a network administrator can configure a network, administer security, run a web server, and process e-mail 30
- 31. Server Operating Systems UNIX *isa multipurpose operating system *capable of handling a high volume of transactions in a multiuser environment and working with multiple processors using multiprocessing. Solaris version of UNIX developed by Sun Microsystems Specifically for e-commerce applications 31
- 32. Server Operating Systems Netware Designedfor client/server networks 32
- 33. Embedded Operating Systems •An embedded operating system resides on a ROM chip on a mobile device or consumer electronic device Windows Embedded CE Windows Mobile Palm OS iPhone OS BlackBerry Google Android Embedded Linux Symbian OS 33
- 34. Embedded Operating Systems •Windows Embedded CE – is a scaled-down Windows operating system designed for use on communications, entertainment, and computing devices with limited functionality – examples of device - digital cameras, automated teller machine, fuel pumps, portable media players, ticket machines, computerized sewing machines. 34
- 35. Embedded Operating Systems •Windows Mobile – An operating system based on Windows Embedded CE, includes functionality, programs, and a user interface designed for specific types of smart phones and PDAs. 35
- 36. Embedded Operating Systems •Palm OS – Is a competing operating system to Windows Mobile 36
- 37. Embedded Operating Systems •iPhone OS – developed by Apple, is an operating system for the iPhone and iPod touch, Apple’s smart phone and touch screen portable media player, respectively 37
- 38. Embedded Operating Systems •Blackberry – Runs on handheld devices supplied by RIM (Research in Motion). – Many Blackberry devices include a mini keyboard; some have touch screens. 38
- 39. Embedded Operating Systems •Google Android – An operating system designed by Google for mobile devices. – Used more than 20 different types of mobile devices. 39
- 40. Embedded Operating Systems •Embedded Linux – is a scaled down Linux operating system designed for smart phones, PDAs, portable media players, Internet telephones and others. 40
- 41. Embedded Operating Systems •Symbian OS – is an open source multitasking operating system designed for smart phones. 41
- 42. Utility Programs • Autility program is a type of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks 42
- 43. Utility Programs • Afile manager is a utility that performs functions related to file management – Displaying a list of files – Organizing files in folders – Copying, renaming, deleting, moving, and sorting files and folders 43
- 44. Utility Programs • Asearch utility is a program that attempts to locate a file on your computer based on criteria you specify 44
- 45. Utility Programs • Anuninstaller removes a program, as well as any associated entries in the system files • An image viewer allows users to display, copy, and print the contents of a graphics file 45
- 46. Utility Programs • Adisk cleanup utility searches for and removes unnecessary files – Downloaded program files – Temporary Internet files – Deleted files – Unused program files 46
- 47. Utility Programs • Adisk defragmenter reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster – Defragmenting Page 286 Figure 7-18 47
- 48. Utility Programs • Abackup utility allows users to copy files to another storage medium • A restore utility reverses the process and returns backed up files to their original form Page 286 48
- 49. Utility Programs • Ascreen saver causes a • A personal firewall display device’s screen detects and protects a to show a moving image personal computer or blank screen if no from unauthorized activity occurs for a intrusions specified time Page 287 Figure 7-19 49
- 50. Utility Programs A virusdescribes a potentially damaging computer program that affects a computer negatively A worm copies A Trojan horse An antivirus itself hides within or program repeatedly in looks like a protects a memory or legitimate computer over a network program against viruses Page 288 50
- 51. Video: Free OnlineAntivirus CLICK TO START 51
- 52. Utility Programs Pages 288– 289 Figures 7-20 – 7-21 52
- 53. Utility Programs Spyware isa program placed on a computer without the user’s knowledge that secretly collects information about the user • A spyware remover detects and deletes spyware and other similar programs Page 289 Adware displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop-up window • An adware remover is a program that detects and deletes adware 53
- 54. Utility Programs • Filtersare programs that remove or block certain items from being displayed Anti-spam programs Phishing filters Pages 289 - 290 Web filters Pop-up blockers 54
- 55. Utility Programs • Afile compression utility shrinks the size of a file(s) – Compressing files frees up room on the storage media • Compressed files sometimes are called zipped files – Can be uncompressed Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 7, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click WinZip below Chapter 7 Page 290 55
- 56. Utility Programs • Amedia player allows you to view images and animation, listen to audio, and watch video files on your computer Page 290 Figure 7-22 56
- 57. Utility Programs • Discburning software writes text, graphics, audio, and video files on a recordable or rewritable optical disc Page 291 Figure 7-23 57
- 58. Utility Programs • Apersonal computer maintenance utility identifies and fixes operating system problems, detects and repairs disk problems, and includes the capability of improving a computer’s performance Page 291 Figure 7-24 58
- 59. Summary Definition of an operatingsystem Variety of stand-alone operating systems, server operating systems, and embedded operating systems Page 292 Functions common to most operating systems Several utility programs 59
- 60. CHAPTER 5 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011Edition Living in a Digital World