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Chap 01- Introduction to Computers.ppt
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- 2. Chapter 1 Objectives Explainthe importance of computer literacy Define the term computer Identify the components of a computer Explain why a computer is a powerful tool Differentiate among the various types of software Discuss the uses of the Internet and the World Wide Web Describe the categories of computers and their uses Explain the purpose of a network Identify the various types of computer users Understand how a user can be a Web publisher p. 1.2 Next
- 3. p. 1.2 Fig.1-1 The Digital Revolution Where can you find computers? • Computers are everywhere Next
- 4. The Digital Revolution What iscomputer literacy? • Knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses p. 1.4 Next
- 5. What Is aComputer? How is a computer defined? • Electronic machine operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory –Accepts data –Manipulates data –Produces results –Stores results p. 1.4 Next
- 6. Data Raw facts, figures, and symbols Information Datathat is organized, meaningful, and useful What Is a Computer? p. 1.4 Fig. 1-2 Next
- 7. What Is aComputer? Who is a user? • Person who communicates with a computer or uses the information it generates p. 1.4 Next
- 8. Software Instructions that tell hardwarehow to perform tasks Hardware Electronic and mechanical equipment What Is a Computer? What are hardware and software? p. 1.4 Next
- 9. Input Output Storage Communication What is the information processing cycle? WhatIs a Computer? Process p. 1.5 Next
- 10. The Components ofa Computer What are common computer hardware components? printer scanner speaker PC camera microphone digital camera system unit keyboard modem monitor mouse p. 1.5 Fig. 1-3 Next speaker
- 11. The Components ofa Computer What is an input device? • Hardware used to enter data and instructions scanner microphone keyboard mouse PC camera digital camera p. 1.5 Fig. 1-3 Next
- 12. The Components ofa Computer What is an output device? • Hardware that conveys information to a user printer monitor speakers p. 1.6 Fig. 1-3 Next
- 13. The Components ofa Computer What is the system unit? • Box-like device containing electronic components connected to motherboard • Also called a chassis hard disk drive (inside case) CD-RW drive CD-ROM or DVD- ROM drive Zip® drive floppy disk drive p. 1.6 Fig. 1-3 Next
- 14. Memory • Temporary holdingplace for data and instructions The Components of a Computer What are two main components on the motherboard? Central Processing Unit (CPU) • Also called a processor • Carries out instructions that tell computer what to do p. 1.6 Next
- 15. The Components ofa Computer What is a chip? • Device with microscopic pathways that carry electrical currents • Attaches to motherboard processor chip packaging memory chip p. 1.6 Fig. 1-4 Next
- 16. The Components ofa Computer What is storage? • Holds data, instructions, and information for future use Storage Device • Records and retrieves items to and from a storage medium Storage Medium • Physical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored p. 1.7 Next
- 17. The Components ofa Computer CD-RW drive hard disk drive CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive ZIP® drive floppy disk drive What are common storage devices or drives? p. 1.7 Fig. 1-3 Next
- 18. The Components ofa Computer What is a floppy disk? • Thin, circular, flexible disk enclosed in rigid plastic • A Zip® disk is a higher capacity disk p. 1.7 Fig. 1-5 Next
- 19. The Components ofa Computer What is a hard disk? • Provides much greater storage capacity than a floppy disk removable hard disk self-contained hard disk p. 1.7 Fig. 1-6 & 7 Next
- 20. The Components ofa Computer What is a compact disc? • Portable storage media –CD-ROM –CD-RW –DVD-ROM –DVD+RW p. 1.8 Fig. 1-8 Next
- 21. The Components ofa Computer What is miniature storage media? • Portable, thin, credit card size memory • Used in digital cameras and handheld computers Memory card miniature storage media p. 1.8 Fig. 1-9 Next
- 22. The Components ofa Computer What is a communications device? • Establishes a connection between two computers using cable, telephone lines, and satellites • One type is a modem modem p. 1.8 Fig. 1-3 Next
- 23. Speed Why Is aComputer So Powerful? What makes a computer powerful? Storage Reliability Accuracy Communications p. 1.8 Next
- 24. Computer Software What isa computer program? • A series of instructions that tells the computer what to do p. 1.10 Next
- 25. What happens whenyou run a program from a CD-ROM? Computer Software Step 1 Step 1: Insert the CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive Step 1 Step 2 Step 2: Instruct the computer to run the program Step 2 Step 3 Step 1 Step 3: The program executes p. 1.11 Fig. 1-12 Next
- 26. Computer Software What issystem software? • Programs that control the operations of the computer and its devices Operating System (OS) Utility Programs p. 1.12 Next
- 27. Computer Software What isthe user interface? • Controls how you enter data and commands and how information displays p. 1.12 Next
- 28. Computer Software What isa graphical user interface (GUI)? • Uses visual images such as icons Icon represents program, instruction, or some other object icons icons p. 1.12 Fig. 1-13 Next
- 29. Computer Software What isapplication software? • Programs that perform specific tasks for users Word processing software Spreadsheet software Database software Presentation graphics software Suite Popular software applications bundled together as a single unit Office XP Spreadsheet Database Presentation graphics Word processing p. 1.13 Next
- 30. Freeware • Software provided atno cost • Copyrighted • Cannot resell it as your own Public-Domain Software • Freeware donated for public use • No copyright restrictions Computer Software Shareware • Copyrighted software distributed free for trial period • Send payment to developer on honor system p. 1.14 Next What are shareware, freeware, public-domain software?
- 31. Computer Software What isan application service provider (ASP)? Third-party company that manages and distributes software and services on the Internet You can run the programs from the Internet Both free and paid ASPs p. 1.15 Next
- 32. Computer Software Who designsand writes software? • Systems analyst • Programmer p. 1.15 Next
- 33. Communications Device • Modem Networksand the Internet What is a network? • Collection of computers and devices connected together Communications Media • Cables • Telephone lines • Cellular radio • Satellites p. 1.16 Next
- 34. Networks and the Internet Whatare the reasons to network? Software programs Hardware devices Data Information To save time and money To share resources p. 1.17 Next
- 35. Networks and the Internet •Network that connects computers in a limited geographic area What is a local area network (LAN)? p. 1.16 Fig. 1-16 Next
- 36. Networks and the Internet Whatis a wide area network (WAN)? • Network that covers large geographical area p. 1.16 Fig. 1-17 Next
- 37. Networks and the Internet Whatis the Internet? • Worldwide collection of networks that links millions of computers together p. 1.17 Next
- 38. E-mail Information Shopping Meeting people Entertainment Networks and the Internet Why do users access the Internet? p. 1.17 Fig. 1-18 Next
- 39. Networks and the Internet Howdo users connect to the Internet? Online Service Provider (OSP) Provides access to the Internet and specialized services (AOL and MSN) Internet Service Provider (ISP) Provides access to the Internet p. 1.18 Next
- 40. Networks and the Internet Whatis the World Wide Web (WWW)? • Billions of documents, called Web pages, linked together on computers throughout the world Web page Contains text, graphics, sound, or video and links to other Web pages Web site Collection of related Web pages Web browser Program used to access and view Web pages p. 1.18 Next
- 41. Networks and the Internet Howdo you connect to Internet and display a Web page? 4: The Web browser locates the Web site and displays the Web page 3: Enter the address of the Web site 2: Use browser such as Internet Explorer to display a Web page 1: Use computer to make a local telephone call to an online service provider p. 1.18 Fig. 1-19 Next
- 42. Categories of Computers What arethe categories of computers? p. 1.19 Fig. 1-20 Next
- 43. Personal Computers What arethe two most popular series of personal computers? p. 1.19 Fig. 1-21 & 22 PC and compatibles use the Windows operating system Apple Macintosh uses the Macintosh operating system (Mac OS) Next
- 44. Personal Computers What isa notebook computer? • Portable, small enough to fit on your lap • Also called a laptop • Generally more expensive than a desktop computer p. 1.22 Fig. 1-26 Next
- 45. Handheld Computers What isa handheld computer? • Small computer that fits in your hand • Also called a palmtop or pocket computer p. 1.23 Fig. 1-27 Next
- 46. Handheld Computers How doyou input data with a handheld computer? Keyboard Stylus Speech recognition Handwriting recognition p. 1.23 Fig. 1-28 Next
- 47. Handheld Computers What isa personal digital assistant (PDA)? • Provides personal organizer functions – Calendar – Appointment book – Address book – Calculator – Notepad p. 1.23 Next
- 48. Handheld Computers What areWeb-enabled handheld computers? • Allow wireless Internet access Web-enabled two-way pager Web-enabled cellular telephone Web-enabled handheld computer p. 1.24 Fig. 1-29 Next
- 49. Internet Appliances What isan Internet appliance? • Computer whose main purpose is to connect to Internet from home • Web TV is one example p. 1.24 Fig. 1-30 Next
- 50. 1. Hardware 2. Software 1.Hardware 3. Data 1. Hardware 2. Software 4a. People (IT personnel) 1. Hardware 2. Software 3. Data 4b. People (users) 1. Hardware 2. Software 3. Data 4a. People (IT personnel) 5. Procedures 1. Hardware 2. Software 3. Data 4a. People (IT personnel) 4b. People (users) Elements of an Information System What are information system elements? • Hardware • Software • Data • People • Procedures p. 1.27 Fig. 1-35 Next
- 51. Large Business Examples ofComputer Usage What are five categories of computer users? Home Mobile Small Office/Home Office Power p. 1.28 Fig. 1-36 Next
- 52. p. 1.29 Fig.1-37 Examples of Computer Usage What software is available for a home user? personal finance management Next entertainment Web access communications
- 53. Examples of Computer Usage Whatsoftware is available for a small office/home office (SOHO) user? Web access spreadsheet Local area network (LAN) Productivity software Specialty software Web usage E-mail E-commerce p. 1.31 Fig. 1-39 Next
- 54. Examples of Computer Usage Whatis available for a mobile user? Hardware • Notebook computers • Handheld computers • Web-enabled cellular telephones Software • Productivity • Presentation p. 1.32 Fig. 1-40 Next
- 55. Examples of Computer Usage Whatare the needs of the large business user? p. 1.33 Fig. 1-41 Next • Network • Sales management • Accounting • Desktop publishing • Information systems department • Productivity software • Scheduling • Web access • Telecommuting
- 56. Examples of Computer Usage Whatare the needs of a power user? Speed and large amounts of storage Types of power users • Engineers • Architects • Desktop publishers • Graphic artists p. 1.35 Fig. 1-45 Next
- 57. Family information Resume online Electronic storefront Photo communities Computer User as a Web Publisher Why do users publish Web pages? p. 1.36 Fig. 1-46 Next
- 58. Summary of Introduction toComputers • The digital revolution • What is a computer? • The components of a computer • Why is a computer so powerful? • Computer software • Networks and the Internet • Categories of computers • Personal computers Next (continued)
- 59. Summary of Introduction toComputers (cont’d) • Handheld computers • Internet appliances • Elements of an information system • Examples of computer usage • Computer user as a Web publisher Next Chapter 1 Complete