Basic Arrays in C Programming Language I

Basic Arrays in C Programming Language I

• 1.
  Programming Methodologies Arrays
• 2.
  Array ● An arrayis defined as the collection of similar type of data items stored at contiguous memory locations. ● The array is the simplest data structure where each data element can be randomly accessed by using its index number. ● Each element of an array is of same data type and carries the same size, i.e., int = 4 bytes.
• 3.
  ● Elements ofthe array are stored at contiguous memory locations where the first element is stored at the smallest memory location. ● Elements of the array can be randomly accessed since we can calculate the address of each element of the array with the given base address and the size of the data element.
• 4.
  Array Declaration ● Syntax: ○dataType arrayName[arraySize]; ○ int mark[5]; ● Size is 5 - It can hold 5 integer values. mark[0] mark[1] mark[2] mark[3] mark[4] 0 1 2 3 4 Indexes First Element Last Element
• 5.
  Array Initialization Example: ● intmark[5] = {19, 10, 8, 17, 9}; OR ● int mark[] = {19, 10, 8, 17, 9}; ● No need to specify the size. The compiler knows its size is 5 as we are initializing it with 5 elements.
• 6.
  Multidimensional Arrays 2D Array ●Syntax: ○ dataType arrayName[numberOfRows] [numberOfColumns]; ○ Example: ○ int marks [2][3]; ○ Can Store 6 values. 0 1 2 0 mark[0][0] mark[0][1] mark[0][2] 1 mark[1][0] mark[1][1] mark[1][2] Column Indexes Row Indexes
• 7.
  2D Array Initialization Example: ●int mark[2][3] = { {75,65,96} , {34,72,56} }; OR ● int mark[][3] = { {75,65,96} , {34,72,56} }; ○ Need to specify the number of columns. The number of rows can be inferred from the initializer list.
• 8.
  Advantages of CArray ● Code Optimization : Less code to the access the data. ● Ease of traversing : By using the for loop, we can retrieve the elements of an array easily. ● Random Access : We can access any element randomly using the array.
• 9.
  Disadvantages of CArray ● Fixed Size: ○ Arrays have a fixed size, the number of elements is specified when they are declared. ● Limited Data Types: ○ Arrays usually store elements of a single data type. If you need to store different data types in a collection, you would either need to create separate arrays for each data type or use a more complex data structure. ● Insertion and Deletion: ○ Inserting or deleting elements in an array can be inefficient and time-consuming, especially if the array is large or if the insertion/deletion occurs at the beginning or middle of the array.