AYAN DAS_57_SOFT COMPUTING.pptx

AYAN DAS_57_SOFT COMPUTING.pptx

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  Name : AyanDas Dept : CSE Year : 4th Subject : Soft Computing Subject Code : PEC CS 702B Roll No : 25300121057
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  1. FUZZY SET
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  INTRODUCTION  Fuzzy logicis an extension of Boolean logic by Lotfi Zadeh in 1965 based on the mathematical theory of fuzzy sets  Fuzzy logic is a generalization of the classical set theory.  Fuzzy logic provides a valuable flexibility for uncertainty and reasoning.  Fuzzy logic is essential to the development of human-like capabilities
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  DEFINITION
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   Complement:  μ(-A)= 1- μ(A)  Union:  μ(AUB) = Max(μ(A), μ(B)) OPERATIONS ON FUZZY SET
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   Intersect:  μ(A∩B)= Min(μ(A), μ(B))  A|B:  A ∩ B’ = Min(μ(A), μ(-B))
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   Age ?(Young, Adult):  X = {15, 25, 35, 45, 55}  Young = {(15,0.9), (25,0.8), (35,0.5),(45,0.1),(55,0)}  Adult = {(15,0), (25,0.5), (35,0.8), (45,1), (55,1) } FUZZY SET (EXAMPLE)
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  FUZZY SET (EXAMPLE)
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  2. COMPARE SOFTAND HARD COMPUTING
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   Hard computingis a traditional computing. It requires a precisely stated analytical model and usually a lot of computation time. It strictly follows known steps to solve a task as opposed to soft computing which is heuristic.  Based on clearly written algorithm (structured)  Based on mathematical formulae  Mathematical formula ---- algorithm --- program  Calculates and performs statics  Stores in memory , retrieves the data, edit, monitor and control  Intelligence is missing  Hard computing is achieved using sequential programs that use binary logic. It is deterministic in nature. The input data should be exact and the output will be precise and verifiable HARD COMPUTING
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   Soft computingis the use of approximate calculations to provide imprecise but usable solutions to complex computational problems.  Soft computing represents the certitude that the human mind has the capability to store and process information that is imprecise and lacks certainty.  Idea is to model the cognitive behavior of brain  Brain has a better remembrance and reasoning capacity  Way to mimic human intelligence and convert it to program SOFT COMPUTING
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   Soft computingis used for approximate models to give solution to complex problems. This is in contrast with hard computing which deals with precise models providing accurate solutions.  Prof Lotfi Zadeh introduced the term, Soft Computing. The objective was to emulate human mind as closely as possible. The word, soft means flexible, adjustable, random, vague, approximate, imprecise, perceivable and non-deterministic.  Fusion of soft and hard computing techniques are also useful in applications such as robotics.
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  3. APPLICATION OFSOFT COMPUTING  Handwriting Recognition  Image Processing and Data Compression  Automotive Systems and Manufacturing  Soft Computing to Architecture  Decision-support Systems  Soft Computing to Power Systems  Neuro Fuzzy systems  Fuzzy Logic Control  Machine Learning Applications  Speech and Vision Recognition Systems  Process Control