ART-Lesson ppt. 2025 report and guide study

LESSON 1:
ProminentArtMovements
fromtheIndustrialRevolution
toWorldWar1

Impression, Sunset (1871)
Musee Marmottan Monet, Paris

Modern Art
-was labeled as “modern architecture” in the
1950s may not be considered modern today.
-In art history books, Modern Art is defined as
works created some time between 1870 and
1970.

MOVEMENTS IN
EARLY AND PREWAR
MODERN ART

-Modern Art involved numerous
artistic movement.
Art movements are the collective
titles assigned to works of art that
belong to a certain period of time
and employ similar styles or
techniques and guided by
shared ideals.

REALISM (1840s-1880s)
“True realism consist in revealing the
surprising things which habit keeps
covered and prevents us from seeing.”
-Jean Cocteau-

Realism is recognized as the first movement in
Modern Art, which started in France in
the 1840s.
It aimed at the precise representation of
human conditions, perspective and distance,
and detailed effects of color.

Realist placed much value on direct observation with
nature. Incorporated the element of social awareness in
their art.
-Merged art and life bringing everyday life into their work.
Straightforward portrayal of the
contemporary life.
Subject matter- often street life scenes and genre scenes
of the lives of urban and rural working class. (naked
bodies and sensual objects)

Realist artist:
Gustave Courbert
Jean-Francois Millet
Edouard Manet

Gustave Courbet, The Stone Breakers (1889)

“It took some thing before the public learned that to
appreciate an Impressionist painting one has to step
back a few yards, and enjoy the miracle of seeing these
puzzling patches suddenly fall into one place and come
to life before our eyes.”
-Ernst Gombrich-
“Impressionism; it is the birth of Light in painting.”
-Robert Delaunay
IMPRESSIONISM (1872-18921)

• Developed in Paris, France in the late 1860s
and early 1870s.
The term impressionism was first used by art
critic Louis Leroy when he visited the
pioneering exhibition of Impressionist
paintings in 1874.

-They did not paint scenes with defined shapes
and sharp edges; instead, they focused on
recording the sensory effect of a scene and
capturing its momentary beauty.
-Capture visual reality through the fleeting
effects of color and light.

Impressionist painters prioritized the following:
• Using color and light to unify images
• Using pure, intense colors on the canvas, instead of mixing the
colors on the palette first
• Using small brushstrokes and dabs of paint.
• Abandoning traditional linear perspectives
• Avoiding clarity of form; sometimes, Impressionist paintings look
undefined and a bit fuzzy
• Moving from the studio to the countryside or streets.

Pierre-Augustee Renoir, Young Girls by the Sea (1894)

POST IMPRESSIONISM (1800s-1940)
“They have managed to produce intense coloring with the
help of observation as precise as it is simple….They’ve
avoided any muddiness in their painting by using tiny
brushstrokes, little dotted points, or the juxtaposition of
colors: the mixture occurs in the eye, not on the palette. They
paint by attenuating, by modifying the local color of an
object through reflections of the strongest adjacent color.
They have, so to speak, restored he virginity of the eye,
forgetting conventional colors in order to find, on their own,
the right note. And they have succeded.”
-Jean Ajalbert

• The term post-impressionism was coined by
art critic Roger Fry referring to the works by
painters such as Paul Cezanne, George
Seurat and Vincent van Gogh.
• Extension of the Impressionist movement
and also an abandonment of that artistic
movement’s limitations.

• Attempted to achieve more form and
structure.
Put more emotion and expression into their
works.
• Preferred a more ambitious expression. They
explored the interrelations of shapes and
colors in describing their world.
• Acknowledge the pure and intense colors
used by Impressionist painters, as well as the

• Want to connect the viewers with the artwork on
a deeper and more meaningful level.
• Optical effects of color ruled the vision of many
Post-Impressionist painters.
Different styles of in Post-Impressionism
1. Geometric style (inspired Cubism)
2. Nongeometric style expressive style (Abstract
Expressionism)

George Seurat, Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grand Jatte (1884-1886)

FAUVISM (1899-1908)
“There is nothing more difficult for a truly
creative painter than to paint a rose, because
before he can do so he has first to forget all
the roses that were ever painted.”
-Henri Matisse

FAUVISM (1899-1908)
• A highly fashionable artistic movement.
• Considered the inspiration for
Expressionism because Fauve artists used
non naturalistic and often brash colors.
• Use of pure, brilliant colors boldly applied
straight from paint tubes.

FAUVISM (1899-1908)
• Place great importance on individual
expression. Their understanding of their
subjects, their emotive response to nature,
and their intuition were more valuable.
• Subject matter consisted of landscape, still
life, portrait and figure painting, views from
a window, and others.

Maurice de Vlaminck, The Chatou Bridge (1906)

ART NOUVEAU (1890-1905)
• Thrived throughout Europe and the United
States from 1890 until World War 1.
• This movement was named after a Shop in
France, La Maison de l’Art Nouveau (House
of New Art) strongly supported and
promoted new ideas in Art.

• Embraced by the painters, architects and
sculptors.
• This movement can be applied and found its
way in the interior design and the
decorative such as textile, furniture, jewelry,
lighting, and household utensils.

• Art Nouveau artist distanced themselves away
from the classical and historical styles used by
the art academies toward modern design.
• The pioneering Art Nouveau artists include the painter Gustav
Klimt (Austria), the architect Antoni Gaudi (Spain), the
illustrator Aubrey Beardsley (England), the jewelry designer
Rene Lalique (France), and the glassware designer
Louis Comfort Tiffany (United States)

Here are some of the characteristics of Art Nouveau:
• It aimed at making beautiful thing accessible to a wider public by
applying artistics designs to everyday objects.
• There is no hierarchy between fine arts and decorative arts.
• Artists were inspired by both geometric and organic forms and
preferred sophisticated designs that united angular and flowing forms.
• They were after good craftsmanship, reviving and elevating the status
of craft, and making modern designs.
• They believed that the function of an object dictates its form, not the
other way around.

Gustav Klimt, The Kiss (1907-1908)
Antoni Gaudi, Casa Mila (1905-1907),
Barcelona, Spain

EXPRESSIONISM (1905-1933)
“Everyone who renders directly and honestly
whatever drives him to create is one of us.”
-Ernst Ludwig Kirchner

• Originated in Germany before World War 1 as a
response to the more passive styles and
techniques of Impressionism.
• Expressionism started primarily as a German art
movement, but most of its precursors were not
German.
• Key figures are: Edvard Munch, Oskar Kokoschka,
Franz marc, and Ernst Ludwig Kirchner

• Expressionist artist sought to interpret
the emotions and subjective responses
aroused in person.
• Was in the expression of their feelings
about the people, objects, or events that
they saw.

• Expressionists artists exaggerated and distorted
representations, employed bold and intense
colors and strong outlines, and incorporated
primitivism and fantasy.
• They usually used swaying, swirling, and
dramatically executed strokes in portraying their
subjects. They often confronted the urban world
and the alienated individuals victimized by
capitalism and urbanization.

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Blick auf Davos (1924)

CUBISM (1902-1922)
“Art is not the application of a canon of beauty but
what the instinct and the brain can conceive beyond
any canon. When we love a woman, we don’t start
measuring her limits.”
-Pablo Picasso

CUBISM (1902-1922)
• Describes the revolutionary style of painting
pioneered by Feorges Braque and Pablo
Picasso in Paris, Feance.
• Critic Louis Vauxcelles first used the term
Cubism when he described Braque’s painting
Houses at l’Estaque (1908) as being composed
of cubes.

CUBISM (1902-1922)
• The methods of Cubism were initially
influenced by the angular forms in the
landscape paintings of Paul Cezanne and other
Postimpressionist artists.
• Cubist artists showed new realities in their
artworks that illustrated totally fragmented
objects in many angles.

CUBISM (1902-1922)
Classified into two stages:
1. Analytic Cubism (1907-1912)- artist showed objects not
how the eye perceived them, but how the mind
perceived forms. They analyzed and fragmented forms
instead of just copying these forms.
2. Synthetic Cubism (1913-1920s)- artist began using
foreign materials such as newspaper and chair caning
as abstract signs.
Cubism valued the depiction of the intellectual idea of an
object, as well as how it was related to others.

George Barque, Houses at I'Estaque (1908, oil on canvas

FUTURISM (1909-1920s)
“We want to fight ferociously against the fanatical,
unconscious and snobbish religion of the past, which
is nourished by the evil influence of museums. We
rebel against the supine admiration of old canvases,
old statues and old objects, and against the
enthusiasm for all that is worm-eaten, dirty and
corroded by time; we believe that the common
contempt for everything young, new and palpitating
with life is unjust and criminal.”
-Filippo Marinetti

Futurism is an avant-garde artistic movement that
started in Italy with the publication of Filippo
Tommaso Marinetti’s
The Manifesto of Futurism (1909)
• This art movement emphasized machine and
modernization.
• Most advocates of Futurism were painters.
• Some of the key artists of Futurism Umberto
Boccioni, Giacomo Balla, Carlos Carra, Gino
Severini, Natalia Goncharova, and Luigi De Giudici

• Futurist artists condemned the old celebrated the
machine age, focusing the vitality of the urban
world, especially its advanced science and
technology.
• They wanted to show the beauty of modern life- the
splendor and magnificence of change, violence,
machine, and speed.
• Sought to represent modern experience and
arouse all kinds of sensations.
• Brings to mind the sight, noise, the heat, the smell
and even the “taste” of the city.

Was the only 20th
century avant-garde artistic
movement to be associated with far-right politics.

Giacomo Balla, Dynamism of a
Dog on a Leash (1912)
Natalia Goncharova the Cyclist (1913)

God bless and keep safe everyone
I hope maka dangat kamo gya, it means nag
take time gd kamo basa sang lessons.
Please take down notes sang lessons sa inyo
mga notebook for future references
-Teacher Glydes<3

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