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![C# Syntax
using System;
namespace HelloWorld
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
}
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ap2-251005123530-1ffb6d99/75/Advanced-Programming-Introduction-to-C-3-2048.jpg)
Advanced Programming: Introduction to C#
- 1. Advanced Programming Introduction toC# Engr. Muhammad Ahsan Raees
- 2. Today Lecture Syntax Comments Variable Data Types Operators
- 3. C# Syntax using System; namespaceHelloWorld { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine("Hello World!"); } } }
- 4. Comments Single-line Comments Single-line comments start with two forward slashes (//). // This is a comment Console.WriteLine("Hello World!"); Multiline Comments Multi-line comments start with /* and ends with */. /* The code below will print the words Hello World to the screen, and it is amazing */ Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
- 5. Variable In C#,there are different types of variables (defined with different keywords), for example: int - stores integers (whole numbers), without decimals, such as 123 or -123 double - stores floating point numbers, with decimals, such as 19.99 or -19.99 char - stores single characters, such as 'a' or 'B'. Char values are surrounded by single quotes string - stores text, such as "Hello World". String values are surrounded by double quotes bool - stores values with two states: true or false
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- 7. A datatype specifies the size and type of variable values. It is important to use the correct data type for the corresponding variable; to avoid errors, to save time and memory, but it will also make your code more maintainable and readable. The most common data types are: Data Types Data Type Size Description int 4 bytes Stores whole numbers from - 2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 long 8 bytes Stores whole numbers from - 9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 float 4 bytes Stores fractional numbers. Sufficient for storing 6 to 7 decimal digits double 8 bytes Stores fractional numbers. Sufficient for storing 15 decimal digits bool 1 byte Stores true or false values char 2 bytes Stores a single character/letter, surrounded by single quotes string 2 bytes per character Stores a sequence of characters, surrounded by double quotes
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- 9. C# Type Casting Type casting is when you assign a value of one data type to another type. In C#, there are two types of casting: Implicit Casting (automatically) - converting a smaller type to a larger type size char -> int -> long -> float -> double Explicit Casting (manually) - converting a larger type to a smaller size type double -> float -> long -> int -> char
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- 12. Get User Input In C# Console.ReadLine() to get user input Example
- 13. C# Operators-Arithmetic Operators OperatorName Description Example + Addition Adds together two values x + y - Subtraction Subtracts one value from another x - y * Multiplication Multiplies two values x * y / Division Divides one value by another x / y % Modulus Returns the division remainder x % y ++ Increment Increases the value of a variable by 1 x++ -- Decrement Decreases the value of a variable by 1 x--
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- 15. Assignment Operator Operator Example SameAs = x = 5 x = 5 += x += 3 x = x + 3 -= x -= 3 x = x - 3 *= x *= 3 x = x * 3 /= x /= 3 x = x / 3 %= x %= 3 x = x % 3 &= x &= 3 x = x & 3 |= x |= 3 x = x | 3 ^= x ^= 3 x = x ^ 3 >>= x >>= 3 x = x >> 3 <<= x <<= 3 x = x << 3
- 16. Comparison Operator Operator NameExample == Equal to x == y != Not equal x != y > Greater than x > y < Less than x < y >= Greater than or equal to x >= y <= Less than or equal to x <= y
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- 18. C# Strings Stringsare used for storing text. A string variable contains a collection of characters surrounded by double quotes
- 19. C# String Concatenation The + operator can be used between strings to combine them. This is called concatenation
- 20. C# String Concatenation You can also use the string.Concat() method to concatenate two strings
- 21. String Interpolation Anotheroption of string concatenation, is string interpolation, which substitutes values of variables into placeholders in a string. Note that you do not have to worry about spaces, like with concatenation