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Additional notes parts & functions of a computer
- 1. Parts & Functionsof a Computer
- 2. Functions of aComputer 2
- 3. Binary Communication Between Hardware and Software 3
- 4. PC Hardware Components •Outside computer case: input/output devices • Inside the case: processing and storage – CPU – most important component • Requirements of a hardware device – Method for CPU to communicate with it – Software to instruct and control it – Electricity to power it 4
- 5. Hardware Used forInput and Output • Connects to computer case by ports (eg, serial, parallel, USB, game, keyboard, mouse) • Popular input devices: – Keyboard – Mouse • Popular output devices: – Monitor – Printer 5
- 6. Ports Physical Interface between a computer and another computers or devices 6
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- 9. Hardware Inside theCase 9
- 10. Motherboard Components • Processing • Communication with – CPU (most important) other devices – Chip set – Traces • Temporary storage – Expansion slots – RAM – System clock – Cache memory • Programming/setup • Electrical system data – Power supply – Flash ROM connections – CMOS setup chip 10
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- 14. The Chip Set •Controls most activities on the motherboard • Includes several device controllers – USB controller – Memory controller – IDE controller 14
- 15. The Chip Set(continued) 15
- 16. Storage Devices • Temporary(primary storage, or memory) – Temporarily holds data and instructions while processing them – Faster to access than permanent storage • Permanent (secondary storage) – Data and instructions must be copied into primary storage (RAM) for processing 16
- 17. Primary and SecondaryStorage 17
- 18. Primary Storage Devices •Memory, or RAM, located on motherboard and other circuit boards – Volatile versus nonvolatile (or ROM) memory • Types of boards that hold memory chips – SIMMs – DIMMs – RIMMs 18
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- 20. Types of RAMModules 20
- 21. Secondary Storage Devices •Hard drives • CD-ROM drives • DVD drives • Zip drives • Floppy drives 21
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- 23. EIDE Technology • Usedby most hard drives, CD-ROM drives, and DVD drives • Can accommodate up to four EIDE devices on one system 23
- 24. IDE Connectors ona Motherboard 24
- 25. IDE Connectors ona Motherboard (continued) 25
- 26. IDE Connectors ona Motherboard 26
- 27. Hard Drive’s PowerSupply 27
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- 29. Floppy Drive Connection(continued) 29
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- 31. Motherboard Components Usedfor Communication Among Devices • The data bus – bus is a subsystem that transfers data between computer components inside a computer or between computers 31
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- 33. System Clock Closely related to system time is process time, which is a count of the total CPU time consumed by an executing process. 33
- 34. Clock Speed • Ofmotherboard – Measured in megahertz (MHz) • Of CPU – Measured in gigahertz (GHz) 34
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- 36. Types of ExpansionSlots 36
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- 38. Interface (Expansion) Cards(continued) 38
- 39. The Electrical System •Power supply – Most important component of computer’s electrical system – Converts/reduces electricity to voltage the computer can handle – Runs a fan directly from electrical output voltage to cool inside of computer case 39
- 40. The Electrical System(continued) 40
- 41. The Electrical System(continued) 41
- 42. Instructions Stored onthe Motherboard • ROM BIOS (most are flash ROM) – System BIOS – Startup BIOS – CMOS setup 42
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- 44. Motherboard Configuration Settings •CMOS chip – Stores setup (configuration) information – Powered by a battery on motherboard when power is off 44
- 45. Summary • Introduction tohardware components of a computer system • Initial insight into how hardware works 45