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R-36

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R-36
R-36 Rockets
R-36 Rockets
Ukrainian intercontinental ballistic missile. The R-36 ICBM was the largest ever built and the bogeyman of the Pentagon throughout the Cold War. Dubbed the 'city buster', the 308 silos built were constantly held up by the US Air Force as an awesome threat that justified a new round of American missile or anti-missile systems. On the other hand, the Americans were never motivated to build and deploy corresponding numbers of their equivalent, the liquid propellant Titan 2. Derivatives of the R-36 included the R-36-O orbital bombing system, the Tsiklon-2 and -3 medium orbital launch vehicles, and the replacement R-36M missiles. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the design and manufacturing facility ended up in independent Ukraine. Accordingly the missile was finally retired in the 1990's, conveniently in accordance with arms reduction agreements with the Americans.

AKA: 8K67; Scarp; SS-9 Mod 1. Status: Active. Payload: 5,825 kg (12,841 lb). Thrust: 2,366.00 kN (531,897 lbf). Gross mass: 183,890 kg (405,400 lb). Height: 31.70 m (104.00 ft). Diameter: 3.00 m (9.80 ft). Span: 3.35 m (10.99 ft). Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

Official development of the R-36 began with a decree on 16 April 1962. This called for development of a heavy rocket that could act as an ICBM, a FOBS 'global rocket', and a medium launch vehicle. The targets for the R-36 would be key American administrative and military-industrial centers, hardened military targets, and anti-ballistic missile facilities. The decree ordered development of three alternative launch facility designs: a hardened, above-ground launch facility like the R-9 Dolina; a silo group like the R-16 Sheksna-V; and a new isolated silo concept, with the silos operated from an individual hardened launch facility being separated by a dozen kilometers.

Yangel's approach was to develop an improved version of his existing R-16 ICBM. Just as in America the Titan 1 had been redesigned into the constant-diameter Titan 2 with a more powerful upper stage, the same concept was applied to the R-16. The missile could still use the basic silo designed for the R-16. However unlike the R-16, this would be the first Soviet missile to use nitrogen tetroxide oxidizer.

The R-36 was to join the UR-100 as the first 'ampulized' Soviet missiles. This means that the missile was loaded into the silo in its container, fuelled, and then was ready-to-launch at any time as a certified 'sealed round'. This was in contrast to earlier Soviet missiles. The R-1, R-2, and R-5 could only be held at launch readiness for 30 minutes, the R-9A for 24 hours, and the storable propellant R-12, R-14, and R-16 for thirty days. The new generation was to have a certified ready-to-launch guaranteed span of five years. The containerized missile would be transported by rail to the silo, inserted, fuelled, and then left completely unattended. The silos were to be isolated from one another by 8 to 10 km so that a single nuclear warhead could take out no more than one silo at a time.

The guidance system was to be inertial with radio update for higher accuracy. Although flight tests were made with this system, by the time the missile was deployed the pure inertial system had proved to have sufficient accuracy and the radio correction was abandoned.

The draft project was completed in June 1963, and that of the new 8F675 warhead (18 and 25 megaton versions) on 12 January 1964. By then the decision had been made to pursue only the isolated silo launch concept, in order to prevent multiple launchers being taken out by a single enemy warhead. For flight trials from Baikonur substantial new facilities designed by V P Petrov at KBTM were started in 1962 and completed in February 1963. Missiles were prepared at Area 4, then launched from a pad at LC-67, with the radio guidance system being at Area 68. These used the 8P867 launch pad, 8U225 launch gantry, and 8T178 missile transport trailer. The designs for these facilities were derived from those for the Tsiklon space booster. Countdown was automated and no personnel were required in the area during launch procedures. The 25th OIICh (Independent Engineering-Research Unit) was formed to conduct the flight tests.

For initial silo tests individual silos at LC-80, a Sheksna facility originally built for the R-16, were modified in 1964 to accommodate R-36 or UR-200 missiles. A prototype of the new command point and six-silo group planned for the R-36 were also built at Baikonur. The hardened command point for these silos was at Area 111, and the silos at LC's-102, -103, -109, -140, -141, and -142. Flight trial tests were conducted from these facilities from 28 September 1963 to 29 March 1966, with the first silo launch taking place on 14 January 1965. The first launch from LC-140 came on 27 April 1965. This was the first launch controlled and commanded via a 10 km long buried cable. At total of 130 trials launches were made.

In July 1965 the first R-36 was launched with the 'List' countermeasures system designed to confuse enemy anti-ballistic missile defenses. This system had been developed by Aksel Berg at NII-108 (originally established on 4 July 1943 to develop radar systems). The system had several components:

  • Berba - these were false warhead targets, made of thin metal tape, which deployed from a container and unfolded into the shape of a re-entry vehicle. Hundreds could be deployed, spreading dozens of kilometers from the real warhead
  • Kaktus - these were stealth coverings fitted as a 'slip cover' on the exterior of the re-entry vehicle. It absorbed incoming radar waves and converted it to thermal energy, reducing the radar cross-section of the warhead by a factor of ten.
  • Krot - this was an active noise jammer, actually a miniature spacecraft in its own right. It flew in space far from the warhead and hindered and spoofed enemy radars.

Trials, code-named 'Kupol', were conducted of these systems in 1962-1963, and they proved the importance of such countermeasures in assuring warhead survival in the face of enemy anti-ballistic missile systems. Development continued at NII-108 from 1965-1988 under the new Chief Designer Vitaliy Gerasimenko. They produced the countermeasure systems List, Palma (for the UR-100), Bereza, Kashtan, Magnolia, Lavr, Vyaz, and Kiparis. They also developed the TLTS heavy decoy unit. Light decoy units could be discriminated by enemy radars since they would brake more strongly once the warhead entered the upper layers of the atmosphere. The TLTS did not brake in the atmosphere, could resist high temperatures, and could perform dogleg maneuvers to mislead enemy defenses all the way to the earth's surface.

Production of the R-36 and the List countermeasures system was undertaken at the Yuzhnoye YuMZ factory in Dnepropetrovsk. The first regiment became operational on 5 November 1966 at Uzhur, and the missile was formally accepted for military service on 21 July 1967. A peak total of 260 R-36's were deployed by 1970. A total of 308 missile silos for the R-36 and its follow-on versions were built at Aleisk (30), Kartaly (46), Derzhavinsk (52), Zhangiz-Tobe (52), Dombarovskiy (64), and Uzhur (64). Operational tests were conducted periodically during service, including seven firings from silos in the Uzhur field to the Kura impact area. The final R-36's were retired in 1979, their places in the silos begin replaced by later versions. The missile was shown publicly at a Moscow parade on 7 November 1967, although to create confusion the external vernier engines of the second stage were removed and a non-standard warhead was fitted. Declassified CIA reports show that American intelligence was not fooled, although Western missile 'experts' were.

In 1965 the R-36 was selected over Korolev's GR-1 and Chelomei's UR-200 for the 'Global Rocket' and military medium launch vehicle requirements (see separate R-36-O, Tsiklon-2 and Tsiklon-3 entries). An improved silo with five times the blast resistance was studied in the 1960's but not adopted due to the expense (a super-hardened silo was finally developed in the late 1970's for the next generation of missiles).

The missile structure was of AMG-6 aluminum alloy. An avionics section was located in the intertank area of the first stage. The first stage had a fixed six-nozzle Glushko RD-251 engine, with attitude and roll control by four RD-68M verniers designed by Yuzhnoye. The second stage used a two-nozzle Glushko RD-252, with four RD-69M verniers. Four small solid rocket motors fired to back the second stage away from the warhead after burnout.

Unlike the R-16, which had its launch azimuth set by a rotating launch table, the R-36 was fixed on its launcher. Therefore after clearing the silo it had to roll to the desired target azimuth. The inertial guidance system by Vladimir Sergeyev of NII-692 had a total mass of 752 kg, and was updated just before launch by an optical data link. The first five trials flights used the radio correction system of Mikhail Borisenko, but this was abandoned as unnecessary on production models.

The warheads for the missile were developed at Chelyabinsk-70, with production at Penzensk Factory 592 (later NPO Start). These included the original 18 and 25 megaton 8F675, and later 5 and 10 megaton alternate warheads. The missile had a five year guaranteed storage life, later extended to 7.5 years with in-service testing. A missile prepared for launch (with the guidance platform spun up) could be launched in five minutes from the turn of the launch key. The OS-67 silo was designed by Yevgeni F Rudyak at GSKB Spetsmash. Each silo was 41.5 m deep, 8.3 m in diameter, and had a 4.64 m diameter interior bore. The silo was hardened to an overpressure of 20 atmospheres. Six silos, separated by 8-10 km from each other, were controlled and launched from a single command point.

Maximum range: 10,200 km (6,300 mi). Number Standard Warheads: 1. Warhead yield: 10,000 KT. CEP: 1.30 km (0.80 mi). Alternate warhead: 3,950 kg (8,700 lb). Maximum range with alternate warhead: 15,500 km (9,600 mi). Number Alternate Warheads: 1. Alternate RV: 8F675. Alternate warhead yield: 5,000 KT. Alternate warhead CEP: 1.90 km (1.10 mi). Boost Propulsion: Storable liquid rocket, N2O4/UDMH. Cruise Thrust: 940.400 kN (211,410 lbf). Cruise Thrust: 95,900 kgf. Cruise engine: RD-252. Initial Operational Capability: 1967.

Subtopics

R-36 8K67 Ukrainian intercontinental ballistic missile. Initial ICBM version.

R-36O 8K69 Ukrainian orbital missile. The R-36-O was the only orbiting military nuclear weapon ever deployed, although in order to remain legal under international treaties it was a 'fractional orbital' weapon. Although American infrared early warning satellites invalidated the 'surprise attack' component of the concept, 18 missiles were operational from 1969 to 1983.

Tsiklon-2 Ukrainian orbital launch vehicle. A government decree of 24 August 1965 ordered development by Yangel of a version of his R-36 rocket to orbit Chelomei's IS (Istrebitel Sputnik) ASAT and US (Upravlenniye Sputnik) naval intelligence satellites. The Tsyklon 2 definitive operational version replaced the 11K67 launch vehicle from 1969 and was an adaptation of the 8K69 (SS-9) two stage ICBM. The IS and US Raketoplan-derived payloads had their own engines for insertion into final orbit.

Tsiklon-2A Ukrainian orbital launch vehicle. Minimal modification of the R-36 ICBM used in replacement of Chelomei's cancelled UR-200 booster for initial launches of the IS ASAT and US naval radarsat. Development was authorized in late 1965 and first launch was made before the end of 1967. It flew only eight times before being replaced by the definitive Tsyklon-2 space launch vehicle.

R-36 8K67M Ukrainian intercontinental ballistic missile.

R-36 8K67P Ukrainian intercontinental ballistic missile. The R-36P was a version of the R-36 which could deploy three separate (but not independently-targeted) warheads instead of one. The concept was to ensure a wider zone of destruction and overpressure then a single warhead detonation would create.

Tsiklon-3 Ukrainian orbital launch vehicle. The Tsyklon 3 was developed in 1970-1977 as a part of a program to reduce the number of Soviet booster types. The first two stages were derived from the 8K68 version of the R-36 ICBM, while the restartable third stage was derived from that of the R-36-O. Compared to the Tsyklon 2, the launch vehicle increased payload to 4 metric tons, provided for completely automated launch operations, and had increased orbital injection accuracy.

R-36O 8K69M Ukrainian orbital missile.

R-36 8K67MA Ukrainian intercontinental ballistic missile.

R-36 8K67PM Ukrainian intercontinental ballistic missile.

Tsiklon-4 Ukrainian orbital launch vehicle. Updated version of Tsyklon 3, announced by the Ukraine in 2005 as being in design. Improved lower stages, new upper stage and a new 4.0-m diameter payload fairing. No production plans.

Family: ICBM. Country: Ukraine. Engines: RD-251, RD-855, RD-856. Spacecraft: OGCh, US-A, IS-A, IS-P, Tselina-D, US-P, Meteor-2, Taifun-2, AUOS, Magion, Radio, Okean-E, Geo-IK, SSTL-70, Okean-OE, Meteor-3, Strela-3, Okean-O1, Plazma-A, Taifun-3, Tubsat, Gonets-D1, US-PU, Temisat, MS-1. Stages: R-36-2, R-36-1. Agency: Yuzhnoye. More at: 8737, 13310, 13311, 13312, 13313, 13314. Bibliography: 105, 114, 115, 116, 193, 2, 272, 276, 279, 290, 296, 42, 455, 474, 475, 476, 5, 552, 554, 6, 61, 69, 79, 99.
Photo Gallery

R-36 RocketsR-36 Rockets


R-36 ICBMR-36 ICBM


R-36R-36
Credit: Ukrainian Space Agency


8K67 Model8K67 Model
Credit: � Mark Wade



1963 September 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.
  • State trials launch (1) - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1963 December 3 - . 08:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 903 km (561 mi).

1963 December 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1964 January 16 - . 04:28 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 908 km (564 mi).

1964 January 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1964 February 19 - . 15:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 906 km (562 mi).

1964 February 27 - . 02:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1964 April 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1964 May 23 - . 04:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 870 km (540 mi).

1964 May 30 - . 02:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 864 km (536 mi).

1964 June 24 - . 04:42 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 874 km (543 mi).

1964 June 30 - . 22:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 872 km (541 mi).

1964 August 5 - . 02:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • POR state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,493 km (927 mi).

1964 August 11 - . 02:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1964 September 9 - . 02:13 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • POR state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,495 km (928 mi).

1964 September 25 - . 04:03 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Demonstration launch witnessed by Khrushchev..

1964 October 10 - . 02:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 865 km (537 mi).

1964 October 29 - . 01:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 868 km (539 mi).

1964 December 15 - . 00:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 870 km (540 mi).

1965 January 12 - . LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon.
  • R-36 'sealed round' version development authorised. - . Nation: Russia. State Committee for Defence Technology (GKOT) Decree 'On Detailed Work on Ampulized R-36 and R-36-O Missiles--design work on the R-36 and R-36-O missiles' was issued..

1965 January 13 - . 05:02 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC80/17. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 January 30 - . 08:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • POR state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,493 km (927 mi).

1965 March 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69. FAILURE: Second stage propellant leak led to a fire in the silo.. Failed Stage: 2.
  • First attempted launch of Fractional Orbital Bombardment System booster. - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. COSPAR: F19650305. A fire broke out during fuelling and the rocket exploded, seriously damaging the launch pad at Area 67..

1965 April 27 - . 05:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC140/18. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 870 km (540 mi).

1965 May 18 - . 05:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC140/18. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 870 km (540 mi).

1965 July 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 August 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 August 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 August 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 October 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 October 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 October 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 October 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 November 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 November 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 November 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 December 7 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 December 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • OGCh No. 01L - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. COSPAR: U651216A. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). First suborbital test of the FOBS system. Impacted within specification CEP in target zone..

1965 December 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 December 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 December 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 February 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • OGCh No. 02L - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. COSPAR: U660205A. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). Second suborbital test of the FOBS system..

1966 March 17 - . 22:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • OGCh No. 03L - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. COSPAR: U660316A. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

    Last of three suborbital flight tests of the FOBS system. The second stage of the booster placed the third stage and dummy warhead on a depressed trajectory with a range of 8500 km but an altitude of only 220 km (versus 800 to 1200 km for an optimum ballistic trajectory). The third stage than executed a 180 degree turn and its engines were fired to further brake the warhead to an impact on the Kamchatka peninsula. The second stage meanwhile continued on to reentry over the Pacific Ocean.


1966 March 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • SLI K Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 April 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • SLI K Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 April 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 May 20 - . 19:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • OGCh No. 04L - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. COSPAR: U660519A. Possible suborbital test of FOBS booster or failed FOBS test. Not mentioned as FOBS-related in contemporary CIA assessments..

1966 May 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials launch (41) - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 June 10 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • SLI K Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 June 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 September 17 - . 22:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • OGCh - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1966-11-11 . USAF Sat Cat: 2437 . COSPAR: 1966-088A. Apogee: 792 km (492 mi). Perigee: 138 km (85 mi). Inclination: 49.6000 deg. Period: 93.90 min.

    First attempted orbital Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test. The second stage of the booster placed the third stage and dummy warhead into a 214 km x 523 km parking orbit. altitude. The third stage was evidently wrongly oriented, and instead of braking the warhead into an impact at Kapustin Yar, boosted it into a higher 280 km x 1,010 km orbit. The dummy warhead seperated but was commanded to self destruct, resulting in over 100 catalogued orbiting objects.


1966 September 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1966 October 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 October 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Palma-2 operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 October 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Palma-2 operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 November 2 - . 00:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • OGCh - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1976-04-26 . USAF Sat Cat: 2931 . COSPAR: 1966-101AS. Apogee: 767 km (476 mi). Perigee: 504 km (313 mi). Inclination: 49.1000 deg. Period: 97.43 min. Second attempted orbital Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test. failure - self destruct charge was detonated, resulting in 50 catalogued orbiting objects. No impact of the dummy warhead in the Kapustin Yar impact zone..

1966 November 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • 8F764 warhead state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 December 10 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.
  • 8F764 warhead state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1967 January 25 - . 13:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • Cosmos 139 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-01-25 . USAF Sat Cat: 2656 . COSPAR: 1967-005A. Apogee: 210 km (130 mi). Perigee: 144 km (89 mi). Inclination: 49.7000 deg. Period: 88.00 min. Third orbital Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test. First apparently successful test. The warhead was braked to an impact in the Kapustin Yar range..

1967 March 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 March 22 - . 14:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69. FAILURE: Failure.
1967 March 31 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 May 17 - . 16:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • Cosmos 160 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-05-18 . USAF Sat Cat: 2806 . COSPAR: 1967-047A. Apogee: 177 km (109 mi). Perigee: 137 km (85 mi). Inclination: 49.7000 deg. Period: 87.60 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment system test..

1967 May 31 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • 8F765 warhead state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 June 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • 8F765 warhead state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 June 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • 8F765 warhead state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 June 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 July 1 - . LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Tsiklon-2 launch vehicle authorised. - . Nation: Russia. Spacecraft: IS-A, Meteor, US-A. Council of Soviet Ministers (SM) Decree 'On use of the R-36-based launcher for the Kosmos and Meteor satellites' was issued..

1967 July 17 - . 16:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • Cosmos 169 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-07-17 . USAF Sat Cat: 2878 . COSPAR: 1967-069A. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). Perigee: 135 km (83 mi). Inclination: 49.7000 deg. Period: 87.80 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment system test..

1967 July 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. Launch Pad: PU32?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • SBP Special test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 July 21 - . LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon.
  • R-36 ICBM accepted into service. - . Nation: Russia. Decree 'On approval of the R-36 ICBM variant with countermeasures to overcome anti-ballistic missiles and on adoption of the R-36 ICBM into armaments' was issued..

1967 July 31 - . 16:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • Cosmos 170 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-07-31 . USAF Sat Cat: 2902 . COSPAR: 1967-074A. Apogee: 199 km (123 mi). Perigee: 141 km (87 mi). Inclination: 49.6000 deg. Period: 87.90 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment system test..

1967 August 8 - . 16:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • Cosmos 171 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-08-08 . USAF Sat Cat: 2911 . COSPAR: 1967-077A. Apogee: 177 km (109 mi). Perigee: 138 km (85 mi). Inclination: 49.6000 deg. Period: 87.60 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment system test..

1967 September 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. Launch Pad: PU31?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 September 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. Launch Pad: PU32?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 September 19 - . 14:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • Cosmos 178 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-09-19 . USAF Sat Cat: 2951 . COSPAR: 1967-089A. Apogee: 258 km (160 mi). Perigee: 138 km (85 mi). Inclination: 49.7000 deg. Period: 88.40 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment system test..

1967 September 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 September 22 - . 14:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • Cosmos 179 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-09-22 . USAF Sat Cat: 2962 . COSPAR: 1967-091A. Apogee: 207 km (128 mi). Perigee: 139 km (86 mi). Inclination: 49.6000 deg. Period: 87.90 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment system test..

1967 October 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 October 18 - . 13:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • Cosmos 183 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-10-18 . USAF Sat Cat: 3001 . COSPAR: 1967-099A. Apogee: 306 km (190 mi). Perigee: 140 km (80 mi). Inclination: 49.6000 deg. Period: 89.00 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment system test..

1967 October 27 - . 02:21 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2A.
  • Cosmos 185 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1969-01-14 . USAF Sat Cat: 3013 . COSPAR: 1967-104A. Apogee: 887 km (551 mi). Perigee: 518 km (321 mi). Inclination: 64.2000 deg. Period: 98.80 min. First test of Istrebitel Sputnik. Only tested engine; no target launched. First launch of Tsykon launch vehicle..

1967 October 28 - . 13:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • Cosmos 187 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-10-28 . USAF Sat Cat: 3016 . COSPAR: 1967-106A. Apogee: 301 km (187 mi). Perigee: 143 km (88 mi). Inclination: 49.6000 deg. Period: 88.90 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test..

1967 December 27 - . 11:28 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2A.
  • Cosmos 198 - . Payload: US-A no. 1. Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1968-01-21 . USAF Sat Cat: 3082 . COSPAR: 1967-127B. Apogee: 927 km (576 mi). Perigee: 907 km (563 mi). Inclination: 65.1000 deg. Period: 103.40 min. Prototype RORSAT hardware using chemical batteries in place of BES-5 nuclear reactor. First satellite to be boosted to 900 km storage orbit..

1968 February 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 March 22 - . 09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2A.
  • Cosmos 209 - . Payload: US-A no. 2. Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1968-04-10 . USAF Sat Cat: 3162 . COSPAR: 1968-023C. Apogee: 927 km (576 mi). Perigee: 876 km (544 mi). Inclination: 65.3000 deg. Period: 103.00 min. RORSAT hardware, representative of production hardware, but using chemical batteries in place of BES-5 nuclear reactor..

1968 April 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • 8F765 warhead state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 April 24 - . 16:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2A.
  • Cosmos 217 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system target. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-P. Decay Date: 1968-04-26 . USAF Sat Cat: 3216 . COSPAR: 1968-036A. Apogee: 179 km (111 mi). Perigee: 140 km (80 mi). Inclination: 62.3000 deg. Period: 87.70 min. Unsuccessful launch of ASAT target. Satellite did not separate from last rocket stage. Planned launch of interceptor cancelled..

1968 April 25 - . 00:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • Cosmos 218 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1968-04-25 . USAF Sat Cat: 3217 . COSPAR: 1968-037A. Apogee: 162 km (100 mi). Perigee: 123 km (76 mi). Inclination: 49.6000 deg. Period: 87.30 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test..

1968 April 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 May 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 May 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • OGCh - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. COSPAR: 1968-U01xx. Probable suborbital test of Fractional Orbital Bombardment System..

1968 May 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 May 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • OGCh - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. COSPAR: 1968-U02xx. Probable suborbital test of Fractional Orbital Bombardment System..

1968 June 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Special test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 July 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 July 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 August 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 August 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • RGCh state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 September 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • RGCh state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 October 2 - . 13:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • Cosmos 244 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1968-10-02 . USAF Sat Cat: 3449 . COSPAR: 1968-082A. Apogee: 158 km (98 mi). Perigee: 140 km (80 mi). Inclination: 49.6000 deg. Period: 87.40 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test..

1968 October 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • RGCh state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 October 19 - . 04:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2A.
  • Cosmos 248 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system target. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-P. Decay Date: 1980-02-26 . USAF Sat Cat: 3503 . COSPAR: 1968-090A. Apogee: 543 km (337 mi). Perigee: 475 km (295 mi). Inclination: 62.3000 deg. Period: 94.80 min. ASAT target. Intercepted repeatedly by Cosmos 249 on 20 October; destroyed by Cosmos 252 on 1 November..

1968 October 20 - . 04:02 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2A.
  • Cosmos 249 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1968-10-20 . USAF Sat Cat: 3504 . COSPAR: 1968-091A. Apogee: 2,075 km (1,289 mi). Perigee: 498 km (309 mi). Inclination: 62.3000 deg. Period: 111.30 min.

    ASAT interceptor. Intercepted Cosmos 248 target on second orbit. Repeatedly approached Cosmos 248, verifying primary and reserve homing and guidance systems. Destroyed itself in test of on-board destruct system. Counted as a failure by Western observers because that target was not destroyed; but this was not an objective of the test. Left 109 fragments in orbit, of which 54 were still in orbit in 1996.


1968 October 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1968 November 1 - . 00:27 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2A.
  • Cosmos 252 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1968-11-01 . USAF Sat Cat: 3530 . COSPAR: 1968-097A. Apogee: 2,104 km (1,307 mi). Perigee: 535 km (332 mi). Inclination: 62.3000 deg. Period: 112.00 min. ASAT interceptor. Intercepted and destroyed Cosmos 248 target satellite within one day of launch. Left 139 fragments in orbit, the largest of any ASAT test..

1968 November 19 - . LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • R-36-O rocket accepted into military service. - . Nation: Russia. Decree 'On adoption of the R-36-O into armaments' was issued..

1968 December 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 December 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • RGCh state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 January 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2A. FAILURE: Payload propulsion system failed; no orbit.. Failed Stage: P.
  • US-A Mass Model - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1969-01-24 . COSPAR: F690125A. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi). RORSAT hardware, representative of production hardware, but using chemical batteries in place of BES-5 nuclear reactor..

1969 March 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 April 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • OT? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 April 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 April 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 May 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 June 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 July 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 August 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 August 6 - . 05:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 291 - . Payload: IS-P Mass Model. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system target. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-P. Decay Date: 1969-09-08 . USAF Sat Cat: 4058 . COSPAR: 1969-066A. Apogee: 548 km (340 mi). Perigee: 144 km (89 mi). Inclination: 62.2000 deg. Period: 91.40 min. Test of Tsyklon 2 booster; ASAT target mass model. Did not enter typical target orbit due to lack of on-board engine. Simulated launch of ASAT interceptor planned for the next day was cancelled..

1969 September 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 September 15 - . 16:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC191/66. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • Cosmos 298 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1969-09-15 . USAF Sat Cat: 4092 . COSPAR: 1969-077A. Apogee: 162 km (100 mi). Perigee: 127 km (78 mi). Inclination: 49.6000 deg. Period: 87.30 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test..

1969 September 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 October 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • RVSN Command operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 October 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • RVSN Command operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 October 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 November 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/20. Launch Pad: LC90/20?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).

1969 November 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • OS-67 No. 1L test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 December 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 December 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 December 19 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 December 23 - . 09:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 316 - . Payload: IS-A Mass Model. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1970-08-28 . USAF Sat Cat: 4282 . COSPAR: 1969-108A. Apogee: 1,638 km (1,017 mi). Perigee: 152 km (94 mi). Inclination: 49.5000 deg. Period: 102.80 min.

    Test of Tsyklon 2 booster; mass model of ASAT. When the satellite decayed over US Midwest on 28 August 1970, teams of the USAF 1127th Special Group were able to recover six pieces from five locations in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas. These showed that the necessary operational systems - translation engines, sensors, weapons systems - were dummied by steel weights. However factory markings on the recovered material proved to the Air Force analysts that they were dealing with an ASAT weapon.


1970 January 2 - . LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Tsiklon 3 launch vehicle development authorised. - . Nation: Russia. Spacecraft: Meteor, Tselina-D. Central Committee of the Communist Party and Council of Soviet Ministers Decree 'On the Creation of the Carrier-Rocket 11K68 on The Basis of 11K69 RN and S5M Stage for Launch of Space Apparatus 'Tselina' and .Meteor'--approval of work on the Tsiklon-3 RN.

1970 January 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 January 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 January 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 January 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 February 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 February 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 February 19 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 February 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 March 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 March 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 March 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 April 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 April 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 April 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 April 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 April 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 June 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 July 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 July 28 - . 22:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC191/66. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.
  • Cosmos 354 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1970-07-28 . USAF Sat Cat: 4481 . COSPAR: 1970-056A. Apogee: 165 km (102 mi). Perigee: 137 km (85 mi). Inclination: 49.6000 deg. Period: 87.50 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test..

1970 August 7 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 September 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • OS state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 September 25 - . 14:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC191/66. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69M.
  • Cosmos 365 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1970-09-25 . USAF Sat Cat: 4556 . COSPAR: 1970-076A. Apogee: 173 km (107 mi). Perigee: 145 km (90 mi). Inclination: 49.5000 deg. Period: 87.70 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test..

1970 October 3 - . 10:26 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 367 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1970-10-31 . USAF Sat Cat: 4566 . COSPAR: 1970-079C. Apogee: 1,022 km (635 mi). Perigee: 915 km (568 mi). Inclination: 65.3000 deg. Period: 104.50 min. Ocean surveillance; probably used chemical batteries..

1970 October 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Palma-4 Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 October 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Palma-4 Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1970 October 20 - . 05:38 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 373 - . Mass: 650 kg (1,430 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system target. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-P. Decay Date: 1980-03-08 . USAF Sat Cat: 4590 . COSPAR: 1970-087A. Apogee: 1,103 km (685 mi). Perigee: 510 km (310 mi). Inclination: 62.9000 deg. Period: 101.00 min. ASAT target. Maneuvered twice to provide target for Cosmos 374 and 375 interceptors..

1970 October 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 October 23 - . 04:42 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 374 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1970-10-23 . USAF Sat Cat: 4594 . COSPAR: 1970-089A. Apogee: 1,464 km (909 mi). Perigee: 531 km (329 mi). Inclination: 63.0000 deg. Period: 105.10 min. ASAT interceptor. Intercepted Cosmos 374 on second orbit. Blown up on instructions from ground..

1970 October 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 October 30 - . 02:36 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 375 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1970-10-30 . USAF Sat Cat: 4598 . COSPAR: 1970-091A. Apogee: 1,986 km (1,234 mi). Perigee: 579 km (359 mi). Inclination: 62.8000 deg. Period: 111.20 min.

    ASAT interceptor. Intercept on second orbit. Blown up on instructions from ground. Dual launch of interceptors was intended to help ground staff perfect computational methods for quick-response launches when orbital methods of target were not precisely known.


1970 November 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 December 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • RVSN Command operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 December 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • RVSN Command operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 February 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 February 25 - . 11:11 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 397 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. USAF Sat Cat: 4964 . COSPAR: 1971-015A. Apogee: 2,164 km (1,344 mi). Perigee: 572 km (355 mi). Inclination: 65.7000 deg. Period: 113.10 min. ASAT interceptor. Intercept and destruction of target successful on second orbit..

1971 April 1 - . 11:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 402 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1971-05-06 . USAF Sat Cat: 5107 . COSPAR: 1971-025B. Apogee: 1,011 km (628 mi). Perigee: 965 km (599 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 104.90 min. Ocean surveillance; probably used chemical batteries..

1971 April 4 - . 14:27 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 404 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1971-04-04 . USAF Sat Cat: 5113 . COSPAR: 1971-027A. Apogee: 1,010 km (620 mi). Perigee: 802 km (498 mi). Inclination: 65.7000 deg. Period: 103.10 min.

    ASAT interceptor. Conducted an extended test flight to shake out homing system and engine function. Tested new redundant ranging systems. Tested effectiveness of new approach trajectory to target, whereby target was approached from above rather than below. Following completion of tests and verification of system functions via telemetry, spacecraft was commanded to a destructive reentry over the Pacific Ocean.


1971 June 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.
  • Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 August 8 - . 23:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC191/66. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69M.
  • Cosmos 433 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft Bus: OGCh. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1971-08-09 . USAF Sat Cat: 5402 . COSPAR: 1971-068A. Apogee: 299 km (185 mi). Perigee: 112 km (69 mi). Inclination: 49.4000 deg. Period: 88.50 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test..

1971 September 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.
  • Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 September 20 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 October 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.
  • Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 December 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.
  • OS state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 December 3 - . 13:19 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 462 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1975-04-04 . USAF Sat Cat: 5646 . COSPAR: 1971-106A. Apogee: 1,800 km (1,100 mi). Perigee: 229 km (142 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 105.40 min.

    ASAT interceptor. Successfully intercepted and destroyed Cosmos 459 target. This completed state trials test series and in 1972 the Istrebitel Sputnik was adopted as armament for the Soviet Army. Cosmos 462 produced the lowest number of fragments (27) of any of the ASAT's tested.


1971 December 25 - . 11:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 469 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1972-02-09 . USAF Sat Cat: 5737 . COSPAR: 1971-117B. Apogee: 1,006 km (625 mi). Perigee: 948 km (589 mi). Inclination: 64.5000 deg. Period: 104.60 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered. First RORSAT flight confirmed by Russian source to have had BES-5 nuclear reactor..

1972 April 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 May 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 July 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 August 21 - . 10:36 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 516 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1972-10-20 . USAF Sat Cat: 6199 . COSPAR: 1972-066C. Apogee: 1,038 km (644 mi). Perigee: 906 km (562 mi). Inclination: 64.8000 deg. Period: 104.50 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1972 August 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 September 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 January 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 March 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 April 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67PM. FAILURE: Failure.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1973 April 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2. FAILURE: Payload propulsion system failed; no orbit.. Failed Stage: P.
  • RORSAT failure - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1973-04-25 . COSPAR: F730425A. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered. Last launch of original US-A design by Savin's KB. American 'sniffer' aircraft flew over the Pacific after this failure looking for radioisotopes traces in order to characterise the reactor..

1973 May 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 July 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67PM. FAILURE: Failure.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1973 August 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67PM.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 October 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67PM. FAILURE: Failure.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1973 December 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67PM.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 December 27 - . 20:19 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 626 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1974-03-22 . USAF Sat Cat: 7115 . COSPAR: 1973-108D. Apogee: 982 km (610 mi). Perigee: 907 km (563 mi). Inclination: 65.4000 deg. Period: 103.90 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered. First test of modernised design by KB Arsenal..

1974 January 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • DKh state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 26 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 26 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 27 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 27 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 27 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 27 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 April 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • DKh state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 May 15 - . 07:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 651 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1974-09-05 . USAF Sat Cat: 7388 . COSPAR: 1974-029C. Apogee: 946 km (587 mi). Perigee: 890 km (550 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 103.40 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1974 May 17 - . 06:53 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 654 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1974-09-07 . USAF Sat Cat: 7397 . COSPAR: 1974-032D. Apogee: 1,006 km (625 mi). Perigee: 924 km (574 mi). Inclination: 64.9000 deg. Period: 104.40 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1974 October 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.
  • OS state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1974 October 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Yantar state trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 December 24 - . 11:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 699 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1977-10-16 . USAF Sat Cat: 7587 . COSPAR: 1974-103A. Apogee: 440 km (270 mi). Perigee: 428 km (265 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 93.30 min. Ocean monitoring; exploded 4/17/75..

1975 January 19 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Svilets test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 January 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Svilets test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1975 January 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Svilets test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 February 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 February 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.
  • State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 April 2 - . 11:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 723 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1975-07-15 . USAF Sat Cat: 7797 . COSPAR: 1975-024D. Apogee: 961 km (597 mi). Perigee: 899 km (558 mi). Inclination: 64.7000 deg. Period: 103.60 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1975 April 7 - . 11:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 724 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1975-08-07 . USAF Sat Cat: 7922 . COSPAR: 1975-025B. Apogee: 943 km (585 mi). Perigee: 852 km (529 mi). Inclination: 65.6000 deg. Period: 102.90 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1975 June 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • OS-67 test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 October 1 - . LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • US-A and Tsiklon-2 accepted into military service. - . Nation: Russia. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Central Committee of the Communist Party and Council of Soviet Ministers Decree 'On adoption of US-A with Tsiklon-2 into armaments' was issued..

1975 October 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90?/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.
  • Operational test? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 October 29 - . 11:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 777 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1976-06-03 . USAF Sat Cat: 8416 . COSPAR: 1975-102A. Apogee: 442 km (274 mi). Perigee: 425 km (264 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 93.30 min. Ocean monitoring; exploded 1/76..

1975 December 12 - . 12:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 785 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1976-02-05 . USAF Sat Cat: 8480 . COSPAR: 1975-116C. Apogee: 1,004 km (623 mi). Perigee: 907 km (563 mi). Inclination: 65.1000 deg. Period: 104.20 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered; failed immediately after reaching orbit..

1976 February 16 - . 08:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 804 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1976-02-16 . USAF Sat Cat: 8694 . COSPAR: 1976-015A. Apogee: 702 km (436 mi). Perigee: 160 km (90 mi). Inclination: 65.1000 deg. Period: 93.10 min. ASAT interceptor. After intercept with target deorbited using on-board engine..

1976 April 13 - . 17:16 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 814 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1976-04-13 . USAF Sat Cat: 8806 . COSPAR: 1976-034A. Apogee: 480 km (290 mi). Perigee: 118 km (73 mi). Inclination: 65.1000 deg. Period: 90.50 min. ASAT interceptor. After intercept with target deorbited using on-board engine..

1976 July 2 - . 10:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 838 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1977-08-23 . USAF Sat Cat: 8932 . COSPAR: 1976-063A. Apogee: 440 km (270 mi). Perigee: 428 km (265 mi). Inclination: 65.1000 deg. Period: 93.30 min. Ocean surveillance. Exploded June/July '76..

1976 July 21 - . 15:14 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 843 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1976-07-21 . USAF Sat Cat: 9043 . COSPAR: 1976-071A. Apogee: 346 km (214 mi). Perigee: 132 km (82 mi). Inclination: 65.1000 deg. Period: 89.30 min. ASAT interceptor. Intercepted Cosmos 839. Deorbited after test..

1976 October 17 - . 18:06 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 860 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1976-12-29 . USAF Sat Cat: 9531 . COSPAR: 1976-103B. Apogee: 995 km (618 mi). Perigee: 923 km (573 mi). Inclination: 64.7000 deg. Period: 104.30 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1976 October 21 - . 16:53 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 861 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1977-02-04 . USAF Sat Cat: 9631 . COSPAR: 1976-104C. Apogee: 987 km (613 mi). Perigee: 928 km (576 mi). Inclination: 64.9000 deg. Period: 104.20 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1976 November 26 - . 14:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 868 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1978-07-08 . USAF Sat Cat: 9561 . COSPAR: 1976-113A. Apogee: 444 km (275 mi). Perigee: 422 km (262 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 93.30 min.

1976 December 27 - . 12:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 886 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1976-12-27 . USAF Sat Cat: 9634 . COSPAR: 1976-126A. Apogee: 2,291 km (1,423 mi). Perigee: 593 km (368 mi). Inclination: 65.8000 deg. Period: 114.70 min. ASAT interceptor. Intercepted and destroyed Cosmos 880 target..

1977 May 23 - . 12:14 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 910 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1977-05-23 . USAF Sat Cat: 10014 . COSPAR: 1977-037A. Apogee: 506 km (314 mi). Perigee: 149 km (92 mi). Inclination: 65.1000 deg. Period: 91.00 min. ASAT interceptor. Failed to intercept Cosmos 909. Deorbited using on-board engine..

1977 June 17 - . 07:23 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 918 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1977-06-18 . USAF Sat Cat: 10065 . COSPAR: 1977-050A. Apogee: 197 km (122 mi). Perigee: 125 km (77 mi). Inclination: 65.1000 deg. Period: 87.70 min. ASAT interceptor. Failed to intercept Cosmos 909. Deorbited using on-board engine..

1977 June 24 - . 10:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 921 - . Payload: Tselina-D Mass model. Mass: 5,000 kg (11,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 10095 . COSPAR: 1977-055A. Apogee: 651 km (404 mi). Perigee: 587 km (364 mi). Inclination: 75.8000 deg. Period: 97.10 min. Launch vehicle test. Dummy payload. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space..

1977 August 24 - . 07:07 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 937 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1978-10-19 . USAF Sat Cat: 10278 . COSPAR: 1977-077A. Apogee: 444 km (275 mi). Perigee: 424 km (263 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 93.30 min. Ocean monitoring..

1977 September 16 - . 14:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 952 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1977-11-07 . USAF Sat Cat: 10399 . COSPAR: 1977-088B. Apogee: 990 km (610 mi). Perigee: 911 km (566 mi). Inclination: 64.9000 deg. Period: 104.10 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1977 September 18 - . 13:48 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 954 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1978-01-24 . USAF Sat Cat: 10361 . COSPAR: 1977-090A. Apogee: 265 km (164 mi). Perigee: 251 km (155 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 89.70 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered; re-entered over Canada, spreading radioactive debris..

1977 September 24 - . 10:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3. FAILURE: Probable failure of launch vehicle stage to reach proper orbit.. Failed Stage: 3.
  • Cosmos 956 - . Payload: Tselina-D Mass model. Mass: 5,000 kg (11,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. Decay Date: 1982-06-27 . USAF Sat Cat: 10375 . COSPAR: 1977-095A. Apogee: 864 km (536 mi). Perigee: 355 km (220 mi). Inclination: 75.8000 deg. Period: 96.80 min. Launch vehicle test. Dummy payload. Probable failure of launch vehicle stage to reach proper orbit. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space..

1977 October 26 - . 05:14 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 961 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1977-10-26 . USAF Sat Cat: 10434 . COSPAR: 1977-104A. Apogee: 1,421 km (882 mi). Perigee: 269 km (167 mi). Inclination: 66.4000 deg. Period: 101.80 min. ASAT interceptor. Succeeded in intercept of Cosmos 959. Deorbited using on-board engine..

1977 December 21 - . 10:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 970 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1977-12-21 . USAF Sat Cat: 10531 . COSPAR: 1977-121A. Apogee: 1,138 km (707 mi). Perigee: 936 km (581 mi). Inclination: 65.9000 deg. Period: 105.90 min. ASAT interceptor. Intercepted Cosmos 970 target. Ordered to self-destruct following interception..

1977 December 27 - . 08:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3. FAILURE: Probable failure of launch vehicle stage to reach proper orbit.. Failed Stage: 3.
  • Cosmos 972 - . Payload: Tselina-D Mass model. Mass: 5,000 kg (11,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 10539 . COSPAR: 1977-123A. Apogee: 1,157 km (718 mi). Perigee: 712 km (442 mi). Inclination: 75.8000 deg. Period: 103.70 min. Launch vehicle test. Dummy payload. Probable failure of launch vehicle stage to reach proper orbit. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space..

1978 May 19 - . 00:21 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1009 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1978-05-19 . USAF Sat Cat: 10904 . COSPAR: 1978-050A. Apogee: 1,364 km (847 mi). Perigee: 966 km (600 mi). Inclination: 65.9000 deg. Period: 108.60 min. ASAT interceptor. Succeeded in intercept of Cosmos 970. Deorbited using on-board engine..

1978 June 28 - . 17:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1025 - . Payload: Tselina-D Mass model no. 16. Mass: 4,375 kg (9,645 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. Decay Date: 2007-03-10 . USAF Sat Cat: 10973 . COSPAR: 1978-067A. Apogee: 567 km (352 mi). Perigee: 551 km (342 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 95.80 min.

1978 October 26 - . 07:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1045 - . Payload: Meteor-2 Mass Model. Mass: 2,670 kg (5,880 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-2. USAF Sat Cat: 11084 . COSPAR: 1978-100A. Apogee: 1,705 km (1,059 mi). Perigee: 1,686 km (1,047 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 120.30 min. Probable oceanographic. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. .
  • Radio-2; Radio Sputnik 2 - . Payload: RS-2. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Communications. Type: Amateur radio communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Radio. Spacecraft: Radio. USAF Sat Cat: 11086 . COSPAR: 1978-100C. Apogee: 1,705 km (1,059 mi). Perigee: 1,686 km (1,047 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 120.30 min. Launched with Cosmos-1045. Amateur radiocommunication and scientific and technical experiments and study projects by students at higher educational establishments..
  • Radio Sputnik 1 - . Payload: RS-1. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Communications. Type: Amateur radio communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Radio. Spacecraft: Radio. USAF Sat Cat: 11085 . COSPAR: 1978-100B. Apogee: 1,707 km (1,060 mi). Perigee: 1,686 km (1,047 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 120.40 min. Launched with Cosmos-1045. Amateur radiocommunication and scientific and technical experiments and study projects by students at higher educational establishments..

1979 February 12 - . 13:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1076 - . Payload: Okean-E no. 1. Mass: 1,950 kg (4,290 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Okean. Class: Earth. Type: Earth resources radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Okean-E. Spacecraft: Okean-E. Completed Operations Date: 1980-03-13 . Decay Date: 2001-08-10 . USAF Sat Cat: 11266 . COSPAR: 1979-011A. Apogee: 530 km (320 mi). Perigee: 514 km (319 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 95.10 min. Test mission of Okean satellite without the radar. Development of methods for obtaining operational information on the Pacific Ocean..

1979 April 18 - . 12:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1094 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1979-09-30 . USAF Sat Cat: 11333 . COSPAR: 1979-033A. Apogee: 442 km (274 mi). Perigee: 426 km (264 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 93.30 min. Ocean monitoring..

1979 April 25 - . 10:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1096 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1979-11-24 . USAF Sat Cat: 11346 . COSPAR: 1979-036A. Apogee: 442 km (274 mi). Perigee: 428 km (265 mi). Inclination: 65.1000 deg. Period: 93.30 min. Ocean monitoring..

1980 January 23 - . 07:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1151 - . Payload: Okean-E no. 2. Mass: 1,950 kg (4,290 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Okean. Class: Earth. Type: Earth resources radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Okean-E. Spacecraft: Okean-E. Completed Operations Date: 1981-10-13 . Decay Date: 2014-08-04 . USAF Sat Cat: 11671 . COSPAR: 1980-005A. Apogee: 589 km (365 mi). Perigee: 566 km (351 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.20 min. Test mission of Okean satellite without the radar. Testing of methods for obtaining operational information on the oceans..

1980 March 14 - . 10:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1167 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1981-10-01 . USAF Sat Cat: 11729 . COSPAR: 1980-021A. Apogee: 442 km (274 mi). Perigee: 426 km (264 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 93.30 min. Ocean monitoring..

1980 April 18 - . 00:51 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1174 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1980-04-20 . USAF Sat Cat: 11765 . COSPAR: 1980-030A. Apogee: 1,419 km (881 mi). Perigee: 372 km (231 mi). Inclination: 66.1000 deg. Period: 102.90 min.

    ASAT interceptor. First test of ASAT after extended storage. Missed Cosmos 1171 target by a large distance; over the two following days two more attempts were made with the backup engine, but all failed. On 20 April the satellite was ordered to self-destruct in orbit, ending the longest ASAT interceptor mission.


1980 April 29 - . 11:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1176 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1980-10-04 . USAF Sat Cat: 11968 . COSPAR: 1980-034B. Apogee: 962 km (597 mi). Perigee: 873 km (542 mi). Inclination: 64.8000 deg. Period: 103.40 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered; test flight of modified safer design..

1980 November 4 - . 15:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1220 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1982-06-20 . USAF Sat Cat: 12054 . COSPAR: 1980-089A. Apogee: 759 km (471 mi). Perigee: 526 km (326 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 97.60 min. Ocean monitoring..

1981 January 23 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3. FAILURE: Payload shroud failed to separate.. Failed Stage: S.
  • Geo-IK no. 1 - . Payload: Geo-IK no. 1. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Geo-IK. Spacecraft: Geo-IK. Decay Date: 1981-01-23 .

1981 February 2 - . 02:19 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1243 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1981-02-02 . USAF Sat Cat: 12160 . COSPAR: 1981-010A. Apogee: 1,013 km (629 mi). Perigee: 294 km (182 mi). Inclination: 65.8000 deg. Period: 97.80 min. ASAT interceptor. Approached within 50 m of target, but explosive charge did not go off as planned. Deorbited to destructive reentry in the atmosphere..

1981 March 5 - . 18:09 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1249 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1981-07-19 . USAF Sat Cat: 12552 . COSPAR: 1981-021D. Apogee: 976 km (606 mi). Perigee: 904 km (561 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 103.90 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1981 March 14 - . 16:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1258 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1981-03-14 . USAF Sat Cat: 12337 . COSPAR: 1981-024A. Apogee: 1,022 km (635 mi). Perigee: 299 km (185 mi). Inclination: 65.8000 deg. Period: 97.90 min. ASAT interceptor. Failed to intercept Cosmos 1241 target. Deorbited to destructive reentry in the atmosphere..

1981 March 20 - . 23:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1260 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1982-05-22 . USAF Sat Cat: 12364 . COSPAR: 1981-028A. Apogee: 444 km (275 mi). Perigee: 425 km (264 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 93.30 min. Ocean monitoring..

1981 April 21 - . 03:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1266 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1981-05-20 . USAF Sat Cat: 12429 . COSPAR: 1981-037B. Apogee: 941 km (584 mi). Perigee: 911 km (566 mi). Inclination: 64.8000 deg. Period: 103.60 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1981 August 4 - . 08:28 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1286 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1982-10-16 . USAF Sat Cat: 12631 . COSPAR: 1981-072A. Apogee: 442 km (274 mi). Perigee: 430 km (260 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 93.20 min. Ocean monitoring..

1981 August 24 - . 16:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1299 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1981-09-27 . USAF Sat Cat: 12809 . COSPAR: 1981-081E. Apogee: 962 km (597 mi). Perigee: 926 km (575 mi). Inclination: 65.1000 deg. Period: 103.90 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1981 August 24 - . 21:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1300 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 30. Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 12785 . COSPAR: 1981-082A. Apogee: 609 km (378 mi). Perigee: 589 km (365 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.70 min.

1981 September 14 - . 20:31 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1306 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1982-07-16 . USAF Sat Cat: 12828 . COSPAR: 1981-089A. Apogee: 424 km (263 mi). Perigee: 168 km (104 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 90.40 min. Ocean monitoring; replaced Cosmos 1260..

1981 September 21 - . 13:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Oreol 3 - . Payload: AUOS-Z M-A-IK s/n 401. Mass: 1,000 kg (2,200 lb). Nation: France. Agency: RVSN. Manufacturer: Yuzhnoye. Program: Intercosmos. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AUOS. Spacecraft: AUOS. USAF Sat Cat: 12848 . COSPAR: 1981-094A. Apogee: 1,672 km (1,038 mi). Perigee: 394 km (244 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 105.80 min.

    Carried Soviet/French magnetosphere and ionosphere experiments. Investigation of physical processes in the earth's magnetosphere and ionosphere, and study of the nature of polar aurorae. Carried scientific equipment developed by Soviet and French specialists under the joint Soviet-French project 'Arkad-3'.


1981 September 30 - . 08:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1312 - . Payload: Geo-IK no. 2. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Geo-IK. Spacecraft: Geo-IK. USAF Sat Cat: 12879 . COSPAR: 1981-098A. Apogee: 1,503 km (933 mi). Perigee: 1,491 km (926 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 115.90 min. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. .

1981 December 3 - . 11:47 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1328 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 32. Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 12987 . COSPAR: 1981-117A. Apogee: 619 km (384 mi). Perigee: 597 km (370 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.90 min.

1982 February 11 - . 01:11 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1337 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1982-07-25 . USAF Sat Cat: 13061 . COSPAR: 1982-010A. Apogee: 444 km (275 mi). Perigee: 426 km (264 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 93.30 min. Ocean monitoring..

1982 March 25 - . 09:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 2-08 - . Payload: Meteor-2 no. 8. Mass: 2,750 kg (6,060 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-2. USAF Sat Cat: 13113 . COSPAR: 1982-025A. Apogee: 957 km (594 mi). Perigee: 933 km (579 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 103.90 min. Acquisition of meteorological information and data on fluxes of penetrating radiation in circumterrestrial space. .

1982 April 29 - . 09:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1355 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1984-03-07 . USAF Sat Cat: 13150 . COSPAR: 1982-038A. Apogee: 295 km (183 mi). Perigee: 277 km (172 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 90.20 min. Ocean monitoring..

1982 May 14 - . 19:39 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1365 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1982-10-19 . USAF Sat Cat: 13593 . COSPAR: 1982-043C. Apogee: 979 km (608 mi). Perigee: 881 km (547 mi). Inclination: 65.1000 deg. Period: 103.60 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1982 June 1 - . 13:58 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1372 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1982-09-09 . USAF Sat Cat: 13411 . COSPAR: 1982-052B. Apogee: 966 km (600 mi). Perigee: 919 km (571 mi). Inclination: 64.9000 deg. Period: 103.90 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1982 June 10 - . 17:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1378 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 36. Mass: 2,200 kg (4,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 13271 . COSPAR: 1982-059A. Apogee: 618 km (384 mi). Perigee: 593 km (368 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.80 min.

1982 June 18 - . 11:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1379 - . Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: IS-A. Decay Date: 1982-06-18 . USAF Sat Cat: 13281 . COSPAR: 1982-060A. Apogee: 546 km (339 mi). Perigee: 144 km (89 mi). Inclination: 65.1000 deg. Period: 91.40 min. ASAT interceptor. Succeeded in intercept of Cosmos 1375 target. Deorbited using on-board engine. Final test of series..

1982 August 30 - . 10:06 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1402 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1983-01-23 . USAF Sat Cat: 13441 . COSPAR: 1982-084A. Apogee: 266 km (165 mi). Perigee: 250 km (150 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 89.60 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1982 September 4 - . 17:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1405 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1984-01-31 . USAF Sat Cat: 13508 . COSPAR: 1982-088A. Apogee: 443 km (275 mi). Perigee: 425 km (264 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 93.30 min. Ocean monitoring..

1982 September 16 - . 04:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1408 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 38. Mass: 2,200 kg (4,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 13552 . COSPAR: 1982-092A. Apogee: 617 km (383 mi). Perigee: 587 km (364 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 96.70 min. Replaced Cosmos 1378..

1982 September 24 - . 09:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1410 - . Payload: Geo-IK no. 3. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Geo-IK. Spacecraft: Geo-IK. USAF Sat Cat: 13589 . COSPAR: 1982-096A. Apogee: 1,503 km (933 mi). Perigee: 1,492 km (927 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 115.90 min. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. .

1982 October 2 - . 00:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1412 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1982-12-04 . USAF Sat Cat: 13645 . COSPAR: 1982-099B. Apogee: 998 km (620 mi). Perigee: 886 km (550 mi). Inclination: 64.8000 deg. Period: 103.90 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1983 April 23 - . 14:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1455 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 41. Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 14032 . COSPAR: 1983-037A. Apogee: 617 km (383 mi). Perigee: 592 km (367 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.80 min.

1983 May 7 - . 10:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1461 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1985-05-31 . USAF Sat Cat: 14064 . COSPAR: 1983-044A. Apogee: 803 km (498 mi). Perigee: 574 km (356 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 98.50 min. Ocean monitoring..

1983 June 22 - . 23:58 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1470 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 42. Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 14147 . COSPAR: 1983-061A. Apogee: 626 km (388 mi). Perigee: 596 km (370 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.90 min.

1983 September 28 - . 07:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1500 - . Payload: Okean-OE no. 1. Mass: 1,950 kg (4,290 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Okean. Class: Earth. Type: Earth resources radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Okean-OE. Spacecraft: Okean-OE. Completed Operations Date: 1986-07-16 . USAF Sat Cat: 14372 . COSPAR: 1983-099A. Apogee: 621 km (385 mi). Perigee: 596 km (370 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.90 min. Elaboration of new kinds of information-measuring apparatus and methods of remote investigation of the Pacific Ocean in the interests of science and of various branches of the national economy of the USSR. .

1983 October 29 - . 08:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1507 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1987-08-19 . USAF Sat Cat: 14455 . COSPAR: 1983-110A. Apogee: 325 km (201 mi). Perigee: 298 km (185 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 90.80 min. Ocean monitoring..

1983 November 24 - . 12:33 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1510 - . Payload: Geo-IK no. 4. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Geo-IK. Spacecraft: Geo-IK. USAF Sat Cat: 14521 . COSPAR: 1983-115A. Apogee: 1,524 km (946 mi). Perigee: 1,480 km (910 mi). Inclination: 73.6000 deg. Period: 116.00 min. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. .

1983 December 15 - . 12:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1515 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 43. Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 14551 . COSPAR: 1983-122A. Apogee: 620 km (380 mi). Perigee: 595 km (369 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.90 min.

1984 February 8 - . 09:23 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1536 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 44. Mass: 2,200 kg (4,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 14699 . COSPAR: 1984-013A. Apogee: 631 km (392 mi). Perigee: 602 km (374 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.00 min.

1984 March 15 - . 17:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1544 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 45. Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 14819 . COSPAR: 1984-027A. Apogee: 618 km (384 mi). Perigee: 591 km (367 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.80 min.

1984 May 30 - . 18:46 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1567 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1988-04-03 . USAF Sat Cat: 15009 . COSPAR: 1984-053A. Apogee: 369 km (229 mi). Perigee: 353 km (219 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 91.80 min. Ocean monitoring..

1984 June 29 - . 00:21 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1579 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1984-11-05 . USAF Sat Cat: 15328 . COSPAR: 1984-069C. Apogee: 970 km (600 mi). Perigee: 914 km (567 mi). Inclination: 65.1000 deg. Period: 103.90 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1984 July 5 - . 03:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 2-11 - . Payload: Meteor-2 no. 11. Mass: 2,750 kg (6,060 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-2. USAF Sat Cat: 15099 . COSPAR: 1984-072A. Apogee: 957 km (594 mi). Perigee: 938 km (582 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 104.00 min. Gathering meteorological information and data on penetrating radiation fluxes in circumterrestrial space. Tested some equipment for the Meteor-3 spacecraft..

1984 August 7 - . 22:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1588 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1986-02-28 . USAF Sat Cat: 15167 . COSPAR: 1984-083A. Apogee: 347 km (215 mi). Perigee: 331 km (205 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 91.30 min. Ocean monitoring..

1984 August 8 - . 12:08 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1589 - . Payload: Geo-IK no. 5. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Geo-IK. Spacecraft: Geo-IK. USAF Sat Cat: 15171 . COSPAR: 1984-084A. Apogee: 1,504 km (934 mi). Perigee: 1,492 km (927 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 115.90 min. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. .

1984 September 28 - . 06:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1602 - . Payload: Okean-OE no. 2. Mass: 1,950 kg (4,290 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Okean. Class: Earth. Type: Earth resources radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Okean-OE. Spacecraft: Okean-OE. Completed Operations Date: 1986-12-05 . USAF Sat Cat: 15331 . COSPAR: 1984-105A. Apogee: 628 km (390 mi). Perigee: 597 km (370 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.00 min.

    Gathering of operational information and continued trials of new kinds of information and measurement apparatus and methods of remote investigation of the seas and oceans and the earth's surface in the interests of science and of various branches of the n ational economy of the USSR.


1984 October 18 - . 17:46 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1606 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 46. Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 15369 . COSPAR: 1984-111A. Apogee: 623 km (387 mi). Perigee: 592 km (367 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.90 min. Replaced Cosmos 1455..

1984 October 31 - . 12:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1607 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1985-03-28 . USAF Sat Cat: 15502 . COSPAR: 1984-112B. Apogee: 994 km (617 mi). Perigee: 908 km (564 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 104.10 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1984 November 27 - . 14:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3. FAILURE: Stage 3 failed to reignite.. Failed Stage: 3.
  • Cosmos 1612 - . Payload: Meteor-3 s/n 1. Mass: 2,150 kg (4,730 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-3. Decay Date: 1984-12-31 . USAF Sat Cat: 15406 . COSPAR: 1984-120A. Apogee: 1,227 km (762 mi). Perigee: 132 km (82 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 98.30 min. Unusable orbit, however the operator was able to operate the satellite in a limited manner. First launch of new Meteor-3 spacecraft..

1985 January 15 - . 14:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1617 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 1. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 15469 . COSPAR: 1985-003A. Apogee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Perigee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min. First launch of new Strela-3 store-dump military communications satellite. Six Strelas are put into medium earth orbits with each launch. In the first two launches, four of the satellites are mass-model mockups..
  • Cosmos 1622 - . Payload: Strela-3 Mass Model. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 15474 . COSPAR: 1985-003F. Apogee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Perigee: 1,401 km (870 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min. Mass model of Strela-3..
  • Cosmos 1618 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 2. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 15470 . COSPAR: 1985-003B. Apogee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Perigee: 1,408 km (874 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.
  • Cosmos 1620 - . Payload: Strela-3 Mass Model. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 15472 . COSPAR: 1985-003D. Apogee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,391 km (864 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min. Mass model of Strela-3..
  • Cosmos 1619 - . Payload: Strela-3 Mass Model. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 15471 . COSPAR: 1985-003C. Apogee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,383 km (859 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.70 min. Mass model of Strela-3..
  • Cosmos 1621 - . Payload: Strela-3 Mass Model. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 15473 . COSPAR: 1985-003E. Apogee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,396 km (867 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min. Mass model of Strela-3..

1985 January 23 - . 19:58 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1625 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1985-01-25 . USAF Sat Cat: 15492 . COSPAR: 1985-008A. Apogee: 390 km (240 mi). Perigee: 118 km (73 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 89.60 min. Ocean monitoring..

1985 January 24 - . 16:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1626 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 47. Mass: 2,200 kg (4,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 15494 . COSPAR: 1985-009A. Apogee: 618 km (384 mi). Perigee: 590 km (360 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.80 min. Replaced Cosmos 1408..

1985 February 6 - . 21:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 2-12 - . Payload: Meteor-2 no. 12. Mass: 2,750 kg (6,060 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-2. USAF Sat Cat: 15516 . COSPAR: 1985-013A. Apogee: 958 km (595 mi). Perigee: 932 km (579 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 104.00 min. Gathering meteorological information and data on penetrating radiation fluxes in circumterrestrial space. .

1985 March 5 - . 15:39 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1633 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 48. Mass: 2,200 kg (4,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 15592 . COSPAR: 1985-020A. Apogee: 613 km (380 mi). Perigee: 595 km (369 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.80 min. Replaced Cosmos 1470..

1985 April 18 - . 21:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1646 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1987-11-30 . USAF Sat Cat: 15653 . COSPAR: 1985-030A. Apogee: 399 km (247 mi). Perigee: 378 km (234 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.30 min. Ocean monitoring..

1985 June 14 - . 10:36 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1660 - . Payload: Geo-IK no. 6. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Geo-IK. Spacecraft: Geo-IK. USAF Sat Cat: 15821 . COSPAR: 1985-047A. Apogee: 1,525 km (947 mi). Perigee: 1,482 km (920 mi). Inclination: 73.6000 deg. Period: 116.10 min. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. .

1985 July 8 - . 23:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1666 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 49. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 15889 . COSPAR: 1985-058A. Apogee: 622 km (386 mi). Perigee: 595 km (369 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.90 min.

1985 August 1 - . 05:36 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1670 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1985-12-08 . USAF Sat Cat: 16196 . COSPAR: 1985-064C. Apogee: 1,007 km (625 mi). Perigee: 893 km (554 mi). Inclination: 64.9000 deg. Period: 104.10 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1985 August 8 - . 11:49 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1674 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 50. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 15944 . COSPAR: 1985-069A. Apogee: 620 km (380 mi). Perigee: 594 km (369 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.80 min. Replaced Cosmos 1536..

1985 August 23 - . 22:33 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1677 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1985-12-14 . USAF Sat Cat: 16192 . COSPAR: 1985-075B. Apogee: 1,001 km (621 mi). Perigee: 880 km (540 mi). Inclination: 64.7000 deg. Period: 103.90 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1985 September 19 - . 01:32 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1682 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1986-12-31 . USAF Sat Cat: 16054 . COSPAR: 1985-082A. Apogee: 446 km (277 mi). Perigee: 341 km (211 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.40 min. Ocean surveillance..

1985 October 9 - . 21:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1690 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 3. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 16138 . COSPAR: 1985-094A. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,381 km (858 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min. Military store-dump communications satellite. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Cosmos 1691 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 4. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 16139 . COSPAR: 1985-094B. Apogee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Perigee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.
  • Cosmos 1695 - . Payload: Strela-3 Mass Model. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 16143 . COSPAR: 1985-094F. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,405 km (873 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min. Mass model of Strela-3..
  • Cosmos 1694 - . Payload: Strela-3 Mass Model. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 16142 . COSPAR: 1985-094E. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,399 km (869 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min. Mass model of Strela-3..
  • Cosmos 1692 - . Payload: Strela-3 Mass Model. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 16140 . COSPAR: 1985-094C. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,388 km (862 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min. Mass model of Strela-3..
  • Cosmos 1693 - . Payload: Strela-3 Mass Model. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 16141 . COSPAR: 1985-094D. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,393 km (865 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min. Mass model of Strela-3..

1985 October 24 - . 02:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 3-01 - . Payload: Meteor-3 s/n 2. Mass: 2,150 kg (4,730 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-3. USAF Sat Cat: 16191 . COSPAR: 1985-100A. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi). Perigee: 1,182 km (734 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 109.30 min. First successful launch of new Meteor-3 spacecraft. Further improvement of the meteorological system using artificial earth satellite, including development of informational and measurement apparatus and remote sensing methods..

1985 November 22 - . 22:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1703 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 51. Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 16262 . COSPAR: 1985-108A. Apogee: 621 km (385 mi). Perigee: 596 km (370 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.90 min. Replaced Cosmos 1674..

1985 December 12 - . 15:51 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1707 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 52. Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 16326 . COSPAR: 1985-113A. Apogee: 623 km (387 mi). Perigee: 596 km (370 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.90 min. Replaced Cosmos 1515..

1985 December 26 - . 01:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 2-13 - . Payload: Meteor-2 no. 13. Mass: 2,750 kg (6,060 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-2. USAF Sat Cat: 16408 . COSPAR: 1985-119A. Apogee: 957 km (594 mi). Perigee: 936 km (581 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 104.00 min. Gathering meteorological information and data on penetrating radiation fluxes in circumterrestrial space. .

1986 January 17 - . 07:21 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1726 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 53. Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 16495 . COSPAR: 1986-006A. Apogee: 618 km (384 mi). Perigee: 590 km (360 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.80 min.

1986 February 11 - . 06:56 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1732 - . Payload: Geo-IK no. 7. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Geo-IK. Spacecraft: Geo-IK. USAF Sat Cat: 16593 . COSPAR: 1986-015A. Apogee: 1,525 km (947 mi). Perigee: 1,480 km (910 mi). Inclination: 73.6000 deg. Period: 116.00 min. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. .

1986 February 19 - . 23:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1733 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 54. Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 16611 . COSPAR: 1986-018A. Apogee: 618 km (384 mi). Perigee: 594 km (369 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.80 min. Replaced Cosmos 1544..

1986 February 27 - . 01:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1735 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1988-11-17 . USAF Sat Cat: 16620 . COSPAR: 1986-021A. Apogee: 442 km (274 mi). Perigee: 419 km (260 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 93.20 min. Ocean surveillance..

1986 March 21 - . 10:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1736 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1986-09-01 . USAF Sat Cat: 16806 . COSPAR: 1986-024B. Apogee: 995 km (618 mi). Perigee: 936 km (581 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 104.40 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1986 March 25 - . 19:26 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1737 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1986-12-03 . USAF Sat Cat: 16648 . COSPAR: 1986-025A. Apogee: 426 km (264 mi). Perigee: 414 km (257 mi). Inclination: 73.4000 deg. Period: 93.00 min. Ocean surveillance..

1986 May 15 - . 04:26 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1743 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 55. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 16719 . COSPAR: 1986-034A. Apogee: 623 km (387 mi). Perigee: 594 km (369 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 96.90 min. Replaced Cosmos 1626..

1986 May 27 - . 09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 2-14 - . Payload: Meteor-2 no. 14. Mass: 2,750 kg (6,060 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-2. USAF Sat Cat: 16735 . COSPAR: 1986-039A. Apogee: 956 km (594 mi). Perigee: 937 km (582 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 104.00 min. Gathering meteorological information and data on penetrating radiation fluxes in circumterrestrial space. .

1986 June 12 - . 04:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1758 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 56. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 16791 . COSPAR: 1986-046A. Apogee: 636 km (395 mi). Perigee: 603 km (374 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.10 min. Replaced Cosmos 1666..

1986 July 28 - . 21:08 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1766 - . Payload: Okean-O1 no. 1. Mass: 1,950 kg (4,290 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Okean. Class: Earth. Type: Earth resources radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Okean-O1. Spacecraft: Okean-O1. Completed Operations Date: 1988-10-24 . USAF Sat Cat: 16881 . COSPAR: 1986-055A. Apogee: 631 km (392 mi). Perigee: 601 km (373 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.00 min.

    Oceanographic. Acquisition of operational oceanographic information in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation; continued trials of new types of informational and measurement apparatus and methods of remote sen sing of the earth's surface and atmosphere.


1986 August 4 - . 05:08 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1769 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1987-09-30 . USAF Sat Cat: 16895 . COSPAR: 1986-059A. Apogee: 383 km (237 mi). Perigee: 287 km (178 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 91.20 min. Ocean surveillance..

1986 August 20 - . 12:58 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1771 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1986-11-29 . USAF Sat Cat: 17036 . COSPAR: 1986-062D. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Perigee: 909 km (564 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 104.20 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1986 September 30 - . 18:34 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1782 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 57. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 16986 . COSPAR: 1986-074A. Apogee: 628 km (390 mi). Perigee: 605 km (375 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.00 min.

1986 October 15 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3. FAILURE: First-stage failure as a result of leakage of the tank pressurization system.. Failed Stage: 1.
  • Strela-3 Nos. 5 to 10 - . Payload: Strela-3 Nos. 5 to 10. Mass: 1,320 kg (2,910 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: UNKS. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. First attempted launch of full load of Strela-3 military store-dump communications satellite fails to reach orbit..

1986 December 2 - . 07:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1803 - . Payload: Geo-IK no. 8. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Geo-IK. Spacecraft: Geo-IK. USAF Sat Cat: 17177 . COSPAR: 1986-094A. Apogee: 1,504 km (934 mi). Perigee: 1,497 km (930 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 116.00 min. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. .

1986 December 10 - . 07:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1805 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 58. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 17191 . COSPAR: 1986-097A. Apogee: 622 km (386 mi). Perigee: 598 km (371 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.90 min.

1986 December 18 - . 08:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1809 - . Payload: AUOS-Z Ionozond-E s/n 501. Mass: 700 kg (1,540 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Manufacturer: Yuzhnoye. Program: Intercosmos. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AUOS. Spacecraft: AUOS. USAF Sat Cat: 17241 . COSPAR: 1986-101A. Apogee: 961 km (597 mi). Perigee: 941 km (584 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 104.10 min. Development of research apparatus and methods of remote sensing and monitoring of the Earth's ionosphere, and also study of the propagation of radio waves in the ionosphere. .

1987 January 5 - . 01:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 2-15 - . Payload: Meteor-2 no. 15. Mass: 2,750 kg (6,060 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-2. USAF Sat Cat: 17290 . COSPAR: 1987-001A. Apogee: 956 km (594 mi). Perigee: 939 km (583 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 104.00 min. Gathering meteorological information and data on penetrating radiation fluxes in circumterrestrial space..

1987 January 14 - . 09:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1812 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 59. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 17295 . COSPAR: 1987-003A. Apogee: 622 km (386 mi). Perigee: 598 km (371 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.90 min. Ocean surveillance..

1987 February 1 - . 23:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1818 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: Plazma-A. USAF Sat Cat: 17369 . COSPAR: 1987-011A. Apogee: 803 km (498 mi). Perigee: 774 km (480 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 100.60 min. Test of new Topaz reactor, new systems, and ion engines aboard US-AM bus..

1987 February 20 - . 04:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1823 - . Payload: Geo-IK no. 9. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Geo-IK. Spacecraft: Geo-IK. Decay Date: 1987-12-31 . USAF Sat Cat: 17535 . COSPAR: 1987-020A. Apogee: 1,524 km (946 mi). Perigee: 1,479 km (919 mi). Inclination: 73.6000 deg. Period: 116.00 min. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. .

1987 March 3 - . 15:03 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1825 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 60. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 17566 . COSPAR: 1987-024A. Apogee: 621 km (385 mi). Perigee: 594 km (369 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.80 min. Ocean surveillance..

1987 March 13 - . 13:11 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1827 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 11. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 17582 . COSPAR: 1987-026A. Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Perigee: 1,396 km (867 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min. First fully operational Strela-3 launch. Military store-dump communications satellite. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Cosmos 1829 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 13. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 17584 . COSPAR: 1987-026C. Apogee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Perigee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.
  • Cosmos 1832 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 16. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 17587 . COSPAR: 1987-026F. Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Perigee: 1,401 km (870 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min.
  • Cosmos 1830 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 14. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 17585 . COSPAR: 1987-026D. Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Perigee: 1,407 km (874 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.
  • Cosmos 1828 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 12. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 17583 . COSPAR: 1987-026B. Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Perigee: 1,385 km (860 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.70 min.
  • Cosmos 1831 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 15. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 17586 . COSPAR: 1987-026E. Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Perigee: 1,391 km (864 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min.

1987 April 8 - . 03:51 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1834 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1988-10-14 . USAF Sat Cat: 17847 . COSPAR: 1987-031A. Apogee: 415 km (257 mi). Perigee: 402 km (249 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.70 min. Ocean surveillance..

1987 April 27 - . 00:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1842 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 61. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 17911 . COSPAR: 1987-038A. Apogee: 628 km (390 mi). Perigee: 602 km (374 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.00 min.

1987 June 18 - . 21:33 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1860 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1987-09-16 . USAF Sat Cat: 18240 . COSPAR: 1987-052C. Apogee: 992 km (616 mi). Perigee: 900 km (550 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 104.00 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1987 July 1 - . 19:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1862 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 62. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 18152 . COSPAR: 1987-055A. Apogee: 636 km (395 mi). Perigee: 602 km (374 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.10 min.

1987 July 10 - . 15:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1867 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: Plazma-A. USAF Sat Cat: 18187 . COSPAR: 1987-060A. Apogee: 803 km (498 mi). Perigee: 776 km (482 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 100.70 min. Test of new Topaz reactor, new systems, and ion engines aboard US-AM bus - Tested Plasma-2 SPT electric engine..

1987 July 16 - . 04:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1869 - . Payload: Okean-O1 no. 2. Mass: 1,950 kg (4,290 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Okean. Class: Earth. Type: Earth resources radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Okean-O1. Spacecraft: Okean-O1. Completed Operations Date: 1989-05-30 . USAF Sat Cat: 18214 . COSPAR: 1987-062A. Apogee: 632 km (392 mi). Perigee: 602 km (374 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.10 min. Oceanographic. Acquisition of operational oceanographic information in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation. .

1987 August 18 - . 02:27 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 2-16 - . Payload: Meteor-2 no. 16. Mass: 2,750 kg (6,060 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-2. USAF Sat Cat: 18312 . COSPAR: 1987-068A. Apogee: 958 km (595 mi). Perigee: 939 km (583 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 104.00 min. Gathering meteorological information and data on penetrating radiation fluxes in circumterrestrial space..

1987 September 7 - . 23:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1875 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 17. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 18334 . COSPAR: 1987-074A. Apogee: 1,408 km (874 mi). Perigee: 1,387 km (861 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.70 min. Military store-dump communications satellite. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Cosmos 1878 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 20. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 18337 . COSPAR: 1987-074D. Apogee: 1,409 km (875 mi). Perigee: 1,403 km (871 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min.
  • Cosmos 1877 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 19. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 18336 . COSPAR: 1987-074C. Apogee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Perigee: 1,407 km (874 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.
  • Cosmos 1879 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 21. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 18338 . COSPAR: 1987-074E. Apogee: 1,409 km (875 mi). Perigee: 1,397 km (868 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min.
  • Cosmos 1880 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 22. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 18339 . COSPAR: 1987-074F. Apogee: 1,409 km (875 mi). Perigee: 1,393 km (865 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min.
  • Cosmos 1876 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 18. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 18335 . COSPAR: 1987-074B. Apogee: 1,415 km (879 mi). Perigee: 1,409 km (875 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.

1987 October 10 - . 21:48 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1890 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1988-12-26 . USAF Sat Cat: 18396 . COSPAR: 1987-086A. Apogee: 415 km (257 mi). Perigee: 402 km (249 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.70 min. Ocean surveillance..

1987 October 20 - . 09:09 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1892 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 63. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 18421 . COSPAR: 1987-088A. Apogee: 623 km (387 mi). Perigee: 595 km (369 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 96.90 min.

1987 December 12 - . 05:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1900 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. USAF Sat Cat: 18665 . COSPAR: 1987-101A. Apogee: 735 km (456 mi). Perigee: 696 km (432 mi). Inclination: 66.1000 deg. Period: 99.10 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..
  • Cosmos 1900 - . Mass: 4,300 kg (9,400 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: UNKS. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. COSPAR: 1987-101xx. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1988 January 6 - . 07:41 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1908 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 64. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 18748 . COSPAR: 1988-001A. Apogee: 626 km (388 mi). Perigee: 600 km (370 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.00 min.

1988 January 15 - . 03:49 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1909 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 23. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 18788 . COSPAR: 1988-002A. Apogee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min. Military store-dump communications satellite. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Cosmos 1914 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 28. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 18793 . COSPAR: 1988-002F. Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Perigee: 1,383 km (859 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.70 min.
  • Cosmos 1910 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 24. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 18789 . COSPAR: 1988-002B. Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Perigee: 1,407 km (874 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.
  • Cosmos 1911 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 25. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 18790 . COSPAR: 1988-002C. Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Perigee: 1,400 km (800 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min.
  • Cosmos 1912 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 26. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 18791 . COSPAR: 1988-002D. Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Perigee: 1,395 km (866 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min.
  • Cosmos 1913 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 27. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 18792 . COSPAR: 1988-002E. Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Perigee: 1,390 km (860 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min.

1988 January 30 - . 11:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 2-17 - . Payload: Meteor-2 no. 17. Mass: 2,750 kg (6,060 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-2. USAF Sat Cat: 18820 . COSPAR: 1988-005A. Apogee: 958 km (595 mi). Perigee: 934 km (580 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 104.00 min. Gathering meteorological information and data on penetrating radiation fluxes in circumterrestrial space..

1988 March 14 - . 14:21 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1932 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military naval surveillance radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1988-06-29 . USAF Sat Cat: 19160 . COSPAR: 1988-019B. Apogee: 1,008 km (626 mi). Perigee: 920 km (570 mi). Inclination: 65.1000 deg. Period: 104.40 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered - last launch of the US-AM. Programme cancelled by Gorbachev..

1988 March 15 - . 18:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1933 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 65. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 18958 . COSPAR: 1988-020A. Apogee: 629 km (390 mi). Perigee: 605 km (375 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.10 min.

1988 May 28 - . 02:49 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1949 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1990-04-23 . USAF Sat Cat: 19193 . COSPAR: 1988-045A. Apogee: 415 km (257 mi). Perigee: 402 km (249 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.70 min. Ocean surveillance..

1988 May 30 - . 08:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1950 - . Payload: Geo-IK no. 10. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Geo-IK. Spacecraft: Geo-IK. USAF Sat Cat: 19195 . COSPAR: 1988-046A. Apogee: 1,522 km (945 mi). Perigee: 1,484 km (922 mi). Inclination: 73.6000 deg. Period: 116.10 min. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. .

1988 June 14 - . 03:18 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1953 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 66. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 19210 . COSPAR: 1988-050A. Apogee: 637 km (395 mi). Perigee: 604 km (375 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.10 min. Outer space research. .

1988 July 5 - . 09:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Okean 1 - . Payload: Okean-O1 no. 3. Mass: 1,950 kg (4,290 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Okean. Class: Earth. Type: Earth resources radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Okean-O1. Spacecraft: Okean-O1. Completed Operations Date: 1990-06-14 . USAF Sat Cat: 19274 . COSPAR: 1988-056A. Apogee: 633 km (393 mi). Perigee: 606 km (376 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.10 min. Oceanographic. Gathering of up-to-date oceanographic information and data on ice conditions in the interests of the Soviet economy and international cooperation. .

1988 July 26 - . 05:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 3-02 - . Payload: Meteor-3 s/n 3. Mass: 2,150 kg (4,730 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-3. USAF Sat Cat: 19336 . COSPAR: 1988-064A. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi). Perigee: 1,182 km (734 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 109.30 min. Continued improvement of the meteorological system using artificial earth satellites, including the testing of information-gathering and measuring apparatus and of remote sensing methods. .

1988 October 11 - . 08:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1975 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 67. Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 19573 . COSPAR: 1988-093A. Apogee: 636 km (395 mi). Perigee: 604 km (375 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.10 min. Investigation of outer space. .

1988 November 18 - . 00:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 1979 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1989-12-25 . USAF Sat Cat: 19647 . COSPAR: 1988-101A. Apogee: 415 km (257 mi). Perigee: 402 km (249 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.70 min. Ocean surveillance..

1988 December 23 - . 07:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1985 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Surveillance. Type: Radar calibration target. Spacecraft Bus: Taifun-3. Spacecraft: Taifun-3. Decay Date: 1992-05-04 . USAF Sat Cat: 19720 . COSPAR: 1988-113A. Apogee: 220 km (130 mi). Perigee: 206 km (128 mi). Inclination: 73.5000 deg. Period: 88.80 min. Radar calibration mission. Believed to be a modernised version of the Taifun-1 satellite. Released 36 Romb radar calibration subsatellites..

1989 February 10 - . 15:13 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 1994 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 29. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 19785 . COSPAR: 1989-009A. Apogee: 1,418 km (881 mi). Perigee: 1,394 km (866 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min. Military store-dump communications satellite. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Cosmos 1997 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 32. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 19788 . COSPAR: 1989-009D. Apogee: 1,418 km (881 mi). Perigee: 1,399 km (869 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.
  • Cosmos 1998 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 33. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 19789 . COSPAR: 1989-009E. Apogee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,389 km (863 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min.
  • Cosmos 1999 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 34. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 19790 . COSPAR: 1989-009F. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,383 km (859 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min.
  • Cosmos 1996 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 31. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 19787 . COSPAR: 1989-009C. Apogee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,405 km (873 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.
  • Cosmos 1995 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 30. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 19786 . COSPAR: 1989-009B. Apogee: 1,418 km (881 mi). Perigee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.

1989 February 28 - . 04:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 2-18 - . Payload: Meteor-2 no. 18. Mass: 2,750 kg (6,060 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-2. USAF Sat Cat: 19851 . COSPAR: 1989-018A. Apogee: 953 km (592 mi). Perigee: 937 km (582 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 104.00 min. Gathering meteorological information and data on penetrating radiation fluxes in circumterrestrial space..

1989 June 9 - . 10:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3. FAILURE: Stage 3 failure - third stage engine did not ignite for second burn.. Failed Stage: 3.
  • Okean - . Payload: Okean-O1 no. 4. Mass: 1,950 kg (4,290 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: UNKS. Program: Okean. Class: Earth. Type: Earth resources radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Okean-O1. Spacecraft: Okean-O1.

1989 July 24 - . 00:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2033 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1991-01-06 . USAF Sat Cat: 20147 . COSPAR: 1989-058A. Apogee: 322 km (200 mi). Perigee: 196 km (121 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 89.70 min. Ocean surveillance..

1989 August 28 - . 00:14 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2037 - . Payload: Geo-IK no. 11. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Geo-IK. Spacecraft: Geo-IK. USAF Sat Cat: 20196 . COSPAR: 1989-068A. Apogee: 1,524 km (946 mi). Perigee: 1,485 km (922 mi). Inclination: 73.6000 deg. Period: 116.10 min. Investigation of outer space. .

1989 September 14 - . 09:49 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2038 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 35. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 20232 . COSPAR: 1989-074A. Apogee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Perigee: 1,392 km (864 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min. Eight satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Cosmos 2040 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 37. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 20234 . COSPAR: 1989-074C. Apogee: 1,416 km (879 mi). Perigee: 1,409 km (875 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.
  • Cosmos 2043 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 40. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 20237 . COSPAR: 1989-074F. Apogee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Perigee: 1,408 km (874 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.
  • Cosmos 2041 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 38. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 20235 . COSPAR: 1989-074D. Apogee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Perigee: 1,397 km (868 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min.
  • Cosmos 2039 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 36. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 20233 . COSPAR: 1989-074B. Apogee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Perigee: 1,386 km (861 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.70 min.
  • Cosmos 2042 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 39. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 20236 . COSPAR: 1989-074E. Apogee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Perigee: 1,403 km (871 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min.

1989 September 27 - . 16:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2046 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1991-04-16 . USAF Sat Cat: 20259 . COSPAR: 1989-079A. Apogee: 415 km (257 mi). Perigee: 402 km (249 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.70 min. Ocean surveillance..

1989 September 28 - . 00:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Intercosmos 24 - . Payload: AUOS-Z-AV-IK s/n 201. Mass: 1,000 kg (2,200 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Manufacturer: Yuzhnoye. Program: Intercosmos. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AUOS. Spacecraft: AUOS. Completed Operations Date: 1995-10-11 . USAF Sat Cat: 20261 . COSPAR: 1989-080A. Apogee: 2,414 km (1,499 mi). Perigee: 499 km (310 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 115.00 min.

    US participation; particles and fields experiments; deployed Magion 2. Comprehensive study of the processes of propagation of low-frequency electromagnetic waves in the earth's magnetosphere and their interaction with charged particles of the radiation belts, in cooperation with Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, the German Democrati c Republic, Hungary, Poland and Romania (the international scientific project entitled 'Aktivny'). Carrying the Czechoslovak Magion-2 satellite.

  • Magion 2 - . Payload: S2-AK. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Nation: Czech Republic. Agency: UNKS. Program: Intercosmos. Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Magion. Spacecraft: Magion. USAF Sat Cat: 20281 . COSPAR: 1989-080B. Apogee: 2,441 km (1,516 mi). Perigee: 498 km (309 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 115.30 min.

    Deployed from Intercosmos 24 10/3/89; examined signal propogation from Intercosmos 24. Research of the magnetosphere and the ionosphere of the Earth. The Czechoslovak satellite Magion 2 was launched into orbit by the Soviet spacecraft Intercosmos 24. Magion 2 forms a part of the scientific programme of Intercosmos 24 (project Aktivnyj) Exe cution of the scientific programme of the 'Aktivny' project in conjunction with Intercosmos-24, permitting simultaneous spatially separating investigations of plasma processes in circumterrestrial space.


1989 October 24 - . 21:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 3-03 - . Payload: Meteor-3 s/n 4. Mass: 2,150 kg (4,730 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-3. USAF Sat Cat: 20305 . COSPAR: 1989-086A. Apogee: 1,249 km (776 mi). Perigee: 1,240 km (770 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 110.40 min. Testing data-measuring equipment and methods for remote sensing of the atmosphere and Earth's surface to benefit the Soviet economy and science. .

1989 November 24 - . 23:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2051 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1990-01-21 . USAF Sat Cat: 20334 . COSPAR: 1989-092A. Apogee: 310 km (190 mi). Perigee: 293 km (182 mi). Inclination: 64.9000 deg. Period: 90.60 min. Ocean surveillance..

1989 December 27 - . 00:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2053 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Surveillance. Type: Radar calibration target. Spacecraft Bus: Taifun-3. Spacecraft: Taifun-3. Decay Date: 1997-09-02 . USAF Sat Cat: 20389 . COSPAR: 1989-100A. Apogee: 410 km (250 mi). Perigee: 405 km (251 mi). Inclination: 73.5000 deg. Period: 92.70 min.

    Believed to be a modernised version of the Taifun-1 satellite, built by NPO Yuzhnoe. The satellite carried 36 small Calibration Spherical Object subsatellites to test Russian radars. These were released between December 27, 1989 and November 1, 1991. While Cosmos 2053 re-entered in 1997, by May 1999 the S5M upper stage was still in a 471 km x 485 km x 73.5 deg orbit. An on-board explosion blew it into 25 new objects.


1990 January 30 - . 11:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2058 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 68. Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 20465 . COSPAR: 1990-010A. Apogee: 645 km (400 mi). Perigee: 616 km (382 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.30 min. Investigation of outer space. .

1990 February 28 - . 00:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Okean 2 - . Payload: Okean-O1 no. 5. Mass: 1,950 kg (4,290 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Okean. Class: Earth. Type: Earth resources radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Okean-O1. Spacecraft: Okean-O1. Completed Operations Date: 1991-07-18 . USAF Sat Cat: 20510 . COSPAR: 1990-018A. Apogee: 646 km (401 mi). Perigee: 617 km (383 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.40 min. Oceanographic remote sensing. Gathering of up-to-date oceanographic information and data on ice conditions in the interests of the Soviet economy and international cooperation. .

1990 March 14 - . 15:27 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2060 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1991-09-01 . USAF Sat Cat: 20525 . COSPAR: 1990-022A. Apogee: 418 km (259 mi). Perigee: 402 km (249 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.80 min. Ocean surveillance..

1990 June 27 - . 22:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 2-19 - . Payload: Meteor-2 no. 19. Mass: 2,750 kg (6,060 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-2. USAF Sat Cat: 20670 . COSPAR: 1990-057A. Apogee: 960 km (590 mi). Perigee: 937 km (582 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 104.00 min. Gathering round-the-clock meteorological information..

1990 July 30 - . 00:06 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2088 - . Payload: Geo-IK no. 12. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Geo-IK. Spacecraft: Geo-IK. USAF Sat Cat: 20720 . COSPAR: 1990-066A. Apogee: 1,524 km (946 mi). Perigee: 1,484 km (922 mi). Inclination: 73.6000 deg. Period: 116.10 min. Investigation of outer space. .

1990 August 8 - . 04:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2090 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 41. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 20735 . COSPAR: 1990-070A. Apogee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,392 km (864 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Cosmos 2091 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 42. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 20736 . COSPAR: 1990-070B. Apogee: 1,415 km (879 mi). Perigee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.
  • Cosmos 2095 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 46. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 20740 . COSPAR: 1990-070F. Apogee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,384 km (859 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min.
  • Cosmos 2094 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 45. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 20739 . COSPAR: 1990-070E. Apogee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,396 km (867 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min.
  • Cosmos 2092 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 43. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 20737 . COSPAR: 1990-070C. Apogee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,407 km (874 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.
  • Cosmos 2093 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 44. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 20738 . COSPAR: 1990-070D. Apogee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,401 km (870 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min.

1990 August 23 - . 16:17 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2096 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1992-08-30 . USAF Sat Cat: 20765 . COSPAR: 1990-075A. Apogee: 415 km (257 mi). Perigee: 402 km (249 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.70 min. Ocean surveillance..

1990 September 28 - . 07:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 2-20 - . Payload: Meteor-2 s/n 25. Mass: 2,750 kg (6,060 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-2. USAF Sat Cat: 20826 . COSPAR: 1990-086A. Apogee: 961 km (597 mi). Perigee: 939 km (583 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 104.10 min. Gathering round-the-clock meteorological information..

1990 November 14 - . 06:33 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2103 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1991-04-03 . USAF Sat Cat: 20933 . COSPAR: 1990-096A. Apogee: 415 km (257 mi). Perigee: 402 km (249 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.70 min. Ocean surveillance..

1990 November 28 - . 16:33 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2106 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 69. Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Spacecraft Bus: Taifun-2. Spacecraft: Taifun-2. Decay Date: 2000-04-07 . USAF Sat Cat: 20966 . COSPAR: 1990-104A. Apogee: 469 km (291 mi). Perigee: 458 km (284 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 93.90 min. Released 27 Romb radar calibration subsatellites..

1990 December 4 - . 00:48 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2107 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1991-01-31 . USAF Sat Cat: 20985 . COSPAR: 1990-108A. Apogee: 416 km (258 mi). Perigee: 402 km (249 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.80 min. Ocean surveillance..

1990 December 22 - . 07:28 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2114 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 47. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21028 . COSPAR: 1990-114A. Apogee: 1,415 km (879 mi). Perigee: 1,409 km (875 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Cosmos 2119 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 52. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21033 . COSPAR: 1990-114F. Apogee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Perigee: 1,385 km (860 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.70 min.
  • Cosmos 2118 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 51. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21032 . COSPAR: 1990-114E. Apogee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Perigee: 1,391 km (864 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min.
  • Cosmos 2117 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 50. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21031 . COSPAR: 1990-114D. Apogee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Perigee: 1,397 km (868 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min.
  • Cosmos 2116 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 49. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21030 . COSPAR: 1990-114C. Apogee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Perigee: 1,402 km (871 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min.
  • Cosmos 2115 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 48. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21029 . COSPAR: 1990-114B. Apogee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Perigee: 1,408 km (874 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.

1991 January 18 - . 11:34 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2122 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1993-03-28 . USAF Sat Cat: 21065 . COSPAR: 1991-005A. Apogee: 415 km (257 mi). Perigee: 401 km (249 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.70 min. Ocean surveillance..

1991 April 24 - . 01:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 3-04 - . Payload: Meteor-3 s/n 6. Mass: 2,150 kg (4,730 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21232 . COSPAR: 1991-030A. Apogee: 1,209 km (751 mi). Perigee: 1,187 km (737 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 109.40 min. Testing data-measuring equipment and methods for remote sensing of the atmosphere and Earth's surface to benefit the Soviet economy and science. First completely operational version of the spacecraft..

1991 May 16 - . 21:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2143 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 53. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21299 . COSPAR: 1991-033A. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,398 km (868 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Cosmos 2145 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 55. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21301 . COSPAR: 1991-033C. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,405 km (873 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.
  • Cosmos 2148 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 58. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21304 . COSPAR: 1991-033F. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,381 km (858 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min.
  • Cosmos 2146 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 56. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21302 . COSPAR: 1991-033D. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,393 km (865 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min.
  • Cosmos 2144 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 54. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21300 . COSPAR: 1991-033B. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.
  • Cosmos 2147 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 57. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21303 . COSPAR: 1991-033E. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,388 km (862 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min.

1991 June 4 - . 08:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Okean 3 - . Payload: Okean-O1 no. 6. Mass: 1,950 kg (4,290 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Program: Okean. Class: Earth. Type: Earth resources radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Okean-O1. Spacecraft: Okean-O1. Completed Operations Date: 1994-01-04 . USAF Sat Cat: 21397 . COSPAR: 1991-039A. Apogee: 656 km (407 mi). Perigee: 621 km (385 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.50 min. Oceanography. Gathering of up-to-date oceanographic information and data on ice conditions in the interests of the Soviet economy and international cooperation. Okean 3 ceased working in January of 1994..

1991 June 13 - . 15:41 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2151 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 70. Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 21422 . COSPAR: 1991-042A. Apogee: 653 km (405 mi). Perigee: 625 km (388 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.50 min. Investigation of outer space. .

1991 August 15 - . 09:14 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 3-05 - . Payload: Meteor-3 s/n 5/TOMS. Mass: 2,150 kg (4,730 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: GMS. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21655 . COSPAR: 1991-056A. Apogee: 1,208 km (750 mi). Perigee: 1,185 km (736 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 109.30 min.

    Gathering of hydrometeorological data; testing of data-gathering and measuring equipment, of optical and mechanical television and radiometric scanning apparatus, of instruments for geophysical research and of methods for the remote sensing of the atmosph ere and the Earth's surface for various branches of the USSR economy and science; charting the state of the ozone layer, using American (Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer) instrument. Meteor 3-5 continued to operate during 1993-1994, but its US TOMS developed problems in May, 1993, and failed entirely in late 1994. However, the data returned by the 30-kg instrument, particularly over the south polar region, was exceptionally valuable.


1991 September 28 - . 07:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2157 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 59. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21728 . COSPAR: 1991-068A. Apogee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,408 km (874 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min. Eight satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Cosmos 2162 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 64. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21733 . COSPAR: 1991-068F. Apogee: 1,418 km (881 mi). Perigee: 1,409 km (875 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.
  • Cosmos 2160 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 62. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21731 . COSPAR: 1991-068D. Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Perigee: 1,398 km (868 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min.
  • Cosmos 2158 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 60. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21729 . COSPAR: 1991-068B. Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Perigee: 1,404 km (872 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min.
  • Cosmos 2161 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 63. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21732 . COSPAR: 1991-068E. Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Perigee: 1,394 km (866 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min.
  • Cosmos 2159 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 61. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21730 . COSPAR: 1991-068C. Apogee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Perigee: 1,388 km (862 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min.

1991 November 12 - . 20:09 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2165 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 65. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21779 . COSPAR: 1991-077A. Apogee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,395 km (866 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Cosmos 2166 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 66. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21780 . COSPAR: 1991-077B. Apogee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,407 km (874 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.
  • Cosmos 2167 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 67. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21781 . COSPAR: 1991-077C. Apogee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,400 km (800 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min.
  • Cosmos 2168 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 68. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21782 . COSPAR: 1991-077D. Apogee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,390 km (860 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.80 min.
  • Cosmos 2169 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 69. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21783 . COSPAR: 1991-077E. Apogee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,383 km (859 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.70 min.
  • Cosmos 2170 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 70. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 21784 . COSPAR: 1991-077F. Apogee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Perigee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.

1991 December 18 - . 03:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Intercosmos 25 - . Payload: AUOS-Z APEKS-IK s/n 301. Mass: 1,000 kg (2,200 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Manufacturer: Yuzhnoye. Program: Intercosmos. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AUOS. Spacecraft: AUOS. USAF Sat Cat: 21819 . COSPAR: 1991-086A. Apogee: 2,969 km (1,844 mi). Perigee: 436 km (270 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 120.50 min.

    Solar activity monitoring; hosted experiments from Germany, Romania, Bulgaria, Poland, Hungary. Comprehensive study of the effects of artificial impact of modulated electron flows and plasma beams on the ionosphere and magnetosphere of the Earth (forming part of the Apex international scientific project, conducted jointly with Bulgaria, Czechoslovak ia, Germany, Hungary, Poland and Romania.) Launched with the Czechoslovak satellite Magion-3, separated from the space object Intercosmos-25 on 28 Dec 1991, in accordance with the scientific programme of the Apex project.

  • Magion 3 - . Payload: S2-AP. Mass: 52 kg (114 lb). Nation: Czech Republic. Agency: UNKS. Program: Intercosmos. Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Magion. Spacecraft: Magion. USAF Sat Cat: 21835 . COSPAR: 1991-086E. Apogee: 2,943 km (1,828 mi). Perigee: 436 km (270 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 120.20 min.

    Separated from Intercosmos 25 on 12/28/91; geophysical. Research of magnetosphere nad the ionosphere of the Earth by passive and active methods. Launched on 18 Dec 1991. The Czechoslovak satellite Magion 3 forms, together with the spacecraft Intercosmos 25, part of the Apex scientific project. Magion 3 was sep arated into an autonomous orbit on 28 Dec 1991. Magion 3 was launched into orbit by the Soviet spacecraft Intercosmos 25.


1992 July 13 - . 17:41 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2197 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 71. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22034 . COSPAR: 1992-042A. Apogee: 1,416 km (879 mi). Perigee: 1,397 km (868 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Cosmos 2202 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 74. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22039 . COSPAR: 1992-042F. Apogee: 1,419 km (881 mi). Perigee: 1,407 km (874 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.
  • Cosmos 2198 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 72. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22035 . COSPAR: 1992-042B. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,408 km (874 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.
  • Cosmos 2199 - . Payload: Gonets-D no. 1. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Gonets-D1. USAF Sat Cat: 22036 . COSPAR: 1992-042C. Apogee: 1,427 km (886 mi). Perigee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.20 min. Test flight of new Gonets commercial communication system. Investigation of outer space. .
  • Cosmos 2201 - . Payload: Gonets-D no. 2. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Gonets-D1. USAF Sat Cat: 22038 . COSPAR: 1992-042E. Apogee: 1,421 km (882 mi). Perigee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min. Test flight of new Gonets commercial communication system. Investigation of outer space. .
  • Cosmos 2200 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 73. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22037 . COSPAR: 1992-042D. Apogee: 1,416 km (879 mi). Perigee: 1,404 km (872 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.

1992 October 20 - . 12:58 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2211 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 75. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22182 . COSPAR: 1992-068A. Apogee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,402 km (871 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Cosmos 2213 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 77. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22184 . COSPAR: 1992-068C. Apogee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Perigee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.
  • Cosmos 2214 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 78. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22185 . COSPAR: 1992-068D. Apogee: 1,423 km (884 mi). Perigee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.20 min.
  • Cosmos 2215 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 79. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22186 . COSPAR: 1992-068E. Apogee: 1,429 km (887 mi). Perigee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.20 min.
  • Cosmos 2216 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 80. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22187 . COSPAR: 1992-068F. Apogee: 1,416 km (879 mi). Perigee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.
  • Cosmos 2212 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 76. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22183 . COSPAR: 1992-068B. Apogee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.

1992 November 24 - . 04:09 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2221 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 71. Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 22236 . COSPAR: 1992-080A. Apogee: 662 km (411 mi). Perigee: 630 km (390 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.70 min. Investigation of outer space. .

1992 December 22 - . 12:36 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2226 - . Payload: Geo-IK no. 13. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Geo-IK. Spacecraft: Geo-IK. USAF Sat Cat: 22282 . COSPAR: 1992-092A. Apogee: 1,525 km (947 mi). Perigee: 1,479 km (919 mi). Inclination: 73.6000 deg. Period: 116.00 min. Investigation of outer space. .

1992 December 25 - . 20:07 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2228 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 72. Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 22286 . COSPAR: 1992-094A. Apogee: 666 km (413 mi). Perigee: 628 km (390 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.70 min. Investigation of outer space. .

1993 March 30 - . 12:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2238 - . Payload: US-PU s/n 1. Mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-PU. Duration: 567.00 days. Decay Date: 1994-12-10 . USAF Sat Cat: 22585 . COSPAR: 1993-018A. Apogee: 416 km (258 mi). Perigee: 402 km (249 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.70 min. First launch of new EORSAT, first of at 120 degree intervals on the same orbit with a 0 degree ascending node. Ocean surveillance..

1993 April 16 - . 07:49 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2242 - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 73. Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. USAF Sat Cat: 22626 . COSPAR: 1993-024A. Apogee: 665 km (413 mi). Perigee: 629 km (390 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.70 min. Ocean surveillance. Investigation of outer space. .

1993 April 28 - . 03:39 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2244 - . Payload: US-PU s/n 2. Mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-PU. Duration: 657.00 days. Decay Date: 1995-03-18 . USAF Sat Cat: 22643 . COSPAR: 1993-029A. Apogee: 416 km (258 mi). Perigee: 402 km (249 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.80 min. Second launch of new EORSAT, second of three stationed at 120 degree intervals on the same orbit with a 0 degree ascending node..

1993 May 11 - . 14:56 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2245 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 81. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22646 . COSPAR: 1993-030A. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,397 km (868 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Cosmos 2250 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 86. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22651 . COSPAR: 1993-030F. Apogee: 1,418 km (881 mi). Perigee: 1,402 km (871 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.
  • Cosmos 2249 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 85. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22650 . COSPAR: 1993-030E. Apogee: 1,418 km (881 mi). Perigee: 1,404 km (872 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.
  • Cosmos 2247 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 83. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22648 . COSPAR: 1993-030C. Apogee: 1,418 km (881 mi). Perigee: 1,403 km (871 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.
  • Cosmos 2246 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 82. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22647 . COSPAR: 1993-030B. Apogee: 1,418 km (881 mi). Perigee: 1,400 km (800 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.
  • Cosmos 2248 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 84. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22649 . COSPAR: 1993-030D. Apogee: 1,418 km (881 mi). Perigee: 1,401 km (870 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.

1993 June 24 - . 04:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2252 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 87. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22687 . COSPAR: 1993-038A. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,403 km (871 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Cosmos 2256 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 91. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22691 . COSPAR: 1993-038E. Apogee: 1,415 km (879 mi). Perigee: 1,400 km (800 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.
  • Cosmos 2254 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 89. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22689 . COSPAR: 1993-038C. Apogee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Perigee: 1,393 km (865 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min.
  • Cosmos 2257 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 92. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22692 . COSPAR: 1993-038F. Apogee: 1,421 km (882 mi). Perigee: 1,407 km (874 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.
  • Cosmos 2253 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 88. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22688 . COSPAR: 1993-038B. Apogee: 1,426 km (886 mi). Perigee: 1,408 km (874 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.20 min.
  • Cosmos 2255 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 90. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22690 . COSPAR: 1993-038D. Apogee: 1,416 km (879 mi). Perigee: 1,404 km (872 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.

1993 July 7 - . 07:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2258 - . Payload: US-PY s/n 3. Mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-PU. Duration: 603.00 days. Decay Date: 1995-06-08 . USAF Sat Cat: 22709 . COSPAR: 1993-044A. Apogee: 417 km (259 mi). Perigee: 400 km (240 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.80 min. Third launch of new EORSAT, final of three stationed at 120 degree intervals on the same orbit with a 0 degree ascending node. Ocean surveillance..

1993 August 31 - . 04:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 2-21 - . Payload: Meteor-2 s/n 24. Mass: 2,750 kg (6,060 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RAKA. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-2. USAF Sat Cat: 22782 . COSPAR: 1993-055A. Apogee: 967 km (600 mi). Perigee: 936 km (581 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 104.10 min.

    Obtaining meteorological data and information on the radiation status of geovicinal outer space. The satellite included the Temisat German small space facility, which was separated from Meteor-2 on the seventh transit of the flight. Western interceptions of Meteor 2-21's transmissions indicated that the spacecraft did not perform as well as earlier vehicles in the series, particularly with regard to image quality and stable signal strength. The spacecraft operated through the end of 1994 on 137.400 MHz and 137.850 MHz, switching when required to avoid interference with other Russian Earth observation spacecraft.

  • Temisat - . Payload: Temisat / S5M. Mass: 42 kg (92 lb). Nation: Italy. Agency: Telespazio. Class: Communications. Type: Civilian communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Temisat. Spacecraft: Temisat. USAF Sat Cat: 22783 . COSPAR: 1993-055B. Apogee: 967 km (600 mi). Perigee: 936 km (581 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 104.10 min.

    The Temisat micro-satellite was a piggyback payload designed to collect and re-transmit environmental data from terrestrial sensors and was separated from Meteor-2-21 on the seventh transit of the flight. Temisat was registered by the Telespazio Italian partner in agreement with the Kaiser-Threde Company (Munich). Environmental measurements were acquired through ground sensors, collected, temporarily stored on the ground, and logged by an autonomous terminal until upload request is received from TEMISAT.Characteristics: (a) Mass 42 kg (b) Dimension 35 x 35 x 35 cm, (c) Electric power 62 W Max, (d) Attitude control : 2 magnetic coil, 1 Am**2, (e) On-board memories - 2 of 8.5 Mbytes each, (f) Lifetime 5 years. Drift of the ascending node of orbital plane: 0.8 deg/d westwards. Copassenger of METEOR 2 satellite.


1993 September 17 - . 00:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2264 - . Payload: US-PM s/n 4. Mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-PU. Duration: 564.00 days. Decay Date: 1995-08-07 . USAF Sat Cat: 22808 . COSPAR: 1993-060A. Apogee: 417 km (259 mi). Perigee: 401 km (249 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.80 min. EORSAT, first of three to be stationed at 120 degree intervals on the same orbit with a 215 degree ascending node. However cutbacks in program resulted in the constellation not being completed. Ocean surveillance..

1994 January 25 - . 00:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Meteor 3-06 - . Payload: Meteor-3 s/n 7. Mass: 2,150 kg (4,730 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RAKA. Class: Earth. Type: Weather satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Meteor. Spacecraft: Meteor-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22969 . COSPAR: 1994-003A. Apogee: 1,228 km (763 mi). Perigee: 1,191 km (740 mi). Inclination: 82.0000 deg. Period: 109.40 min.

    Obtained meterological and solar-terrestrial data. Meteor 3-6 was inserted into an orbital plane 60 degrees to the west of Meteor 3-5's plane and ejected the small German satellite Tubsat B on the second orbit. Meteor 3-6 also carried an integrated French radiometer called SCARAB (Scanner for Radiation Budget) and a German PRARE (Precision Range and Range Rate Experiment) geodetic instrument. The French radiometer was designed to study the Earth's radiation budget over an extended period of time and to measure the effect of clouds on the greenhouse phenomenon. A second SCARAB instrument was manifested on a Meteor spacecraft that was to be launched in 1996, but this did not come to pass. The German PRARE was similar to the instrument carried on ESA's ERS� 1 satellite.

  • Tubsat-B - . Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Nation: Germany. Agency: TUB. Program: Tubsat. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tubsat. Spacecraft: Tubsat. USAF Sat Cat: 22970 . COSPAR: 1994-003B. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi). Perigee: 1,184 km (735 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 109.40 min.

    Following the success of the magnetic torque attitude control system that flew on Tubsat-A, researchers and students at Germany's Technical University of Berlin constructed Tubsat-B to test and demonstrate attitude control with a star sensor and three reaction wheels. An on-board 1m telescope was used for astronomy and for Earth observation at 10m resolution. Dimensions of the satellite were 38x38x50 cm, mass 40 kg. Unfortunately communications with the satellite were lost after 39 Days


1994 February 12 - . 08:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2268 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 93. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 22999 . COSPAR: 1994-011A. Apogee: 1,441 km (895 mi). Perigee: 1,420 km (880 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.30 min. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket. The space objects served the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation..
  • Cosmos 2273 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 98. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 23004 . COSPAR: 1994-011F. Apogee: 1,441 km (895 mi). Perigee: 1,420 km (880 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.30 min.
  • Cosmos 2272 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 97. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 23003 . COSPAR: 1994-011E. Apogee: 1,441 km (895 mi). Perigee: 1,420 km (880 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.30 min.
  • Cosmos 2270 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 95. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 23001 . COSPAR: 1994-011C. Apogee: 1,441 km (895 mi). Perigee: 1,420 km (880 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.30 min.
  • Cosmos 2269 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 94. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 23000 . COSPAR: 1994-011B. Apogee: 1,441 km (895 mi). Perigee: 1,420 km (880 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.30 min.
  • Cosmos 2271 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 96. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 23002 . COSPAR: 1994-011D. Apogee: 1,441 km (895 mi). Perigee: 1,420 km (880 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.30 min.

1994 March 2 - . 03:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Intercosmos 26 - . Payload: AUOS-SM-KI-IK. Mass: 2,160 kg (4,760 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RAKA. Manufacturer: Yuzhnoye. Program: Intercosmos. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AUOS. Spacecraft: AUOS. Decay Date: 2001-03-04 . USAF Sat Cat: 23019 . COSPAR: 1994-014A. Apogee: 541 km (336 mi). Perigee: 501 km (311 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 94.70 min.

    Solar and space physics. Conduct of comprehensive investigations of the sun under the Koronas-I international project developed by Russian and Ukranian experimts in cooperation with specialists from Poland, the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic, Bulgaria, France, and the United Kingdom.


1994 May 25 - . 10:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3. FAILURE: Stage 2 and 3 failed to separate due to a breakdown of the launch vehicle control system.. Failed Stage: 3.
  • Tselina-D - . Payload: Tselina-D no. 74. Nation: Russia. Agency: VKS. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Tselina-D. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. Destroyed by launch safety..

1994 October 11 - . 14:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Okean-O1 no. 7 - . Payload: Okean-O1 no. 7. Mass: 1,950 kg (4,290 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RAKA. Program: Okean. Class: Earth. Type: Earth resources radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Okean-O1. Spacecraft: Okean-O1. USAF Sat Cat: 23317 . COSPAR: 1994-066A. Apogee: 665 km (413 mi). Perigee: 631 km (392 mi). Inclination: 82.5400 deg. Period: 97.70 min. Oceanography..

1994 November 2 - . 01:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2293 - . Payload: US-PM s/n 5. Mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-PU. Duration: 497.00 days. Decay Date: 1996-05-13 . USAF Sat Cat: 23336 . COSPAR: 1994-072A. Apogee: 418 km (259 mi). Perigee: 402 km (249 mi). Inclination: 65.0300 deg. Period: 92.78 min. Second launch of new EORSAT, second of three to be stationed at 120 degree intervals on the same orbit with a 215 degree ascending node. However cutbacks in program resulted in the constellation not being completed. Ocean surveillance..

1994 November 29 - . 02:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Geo-IK - . Payload: Geo-IK no. 14. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RAKA. Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Geo-IK. Spacecraft: Geo-IK. USAF Sat Cat: 23411 . COSPAR: 1994-078A. Apogee: 1,526 km (948 mi). Perigee: 1,481 km (920 mi). Inclination: 73.6000 deg. Period: 116.10 min. Also tested Elekon communcations payload..

1994 December 26 - . 22:26 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. Launch Pad: LC32/2?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2299 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 99. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 23441 . COSPAR: 1994-086A. Apogee: 1,415 km (879 mi). Perigee: 1,402 km (871 mi). Inclination: 82.5700 deg. Period: 113.97 min. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Cosmos 2300 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 100. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 23442 . COSPAR: 1994-086B. Apogee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Perigee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Inclination: 82.5500 deg. Period: 114.05 min.
  • Cosmos 2301 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 101. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 23443 . COSPAR: 1994-086C. Apogee: 1,415 km (879 mi). Perigee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Inclination: 82.5600 deg. Period: 114.11 min.
  • Cosmos 2302 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 102. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 23444 . COSPAR: 1994-086D. Apogee: 1,423 km (884 mi). Perigee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.20 min.
  • Cosmos 2303 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 103. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 23445 . COSPAR: 1994-086E. Apogee: 1,430 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Inclination: 82.5600 deg. Period: 114.26 min.
  • Cosmos 2304 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 104. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 23446 . COSPAR: 1994-086F. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Inclination: 82.5600 deg. Period: 114.11 min.

1995 June 8 - . 04:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2313 - . Payload: US-PM s/n 6. Mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-PU. Duration: 685.00 days. Decay Date: 1997-07-11 . USAF Sat Cat: 23596 . COSPAR: 1995-028A. Apogee: 419 km (260 mi). Perigee: 410 km (250 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 87.60 min. EORSAT, first of three to be stationed at 120 degree intervals on the same orbit with a 143 degree ascending node. However cutbacks in program resulted in the constellation not being completed. Ocean surveillance..

1995 August 31 - . 06:49 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Sich 1 - . Payload: Okean-O1 no. 8. Mass: 1,950 kg (4,290 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: NKAU. Program: Okean. Class: Earth. Type: Earth resources radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Okean-O1. Spacecraft: Okean-O1. USAF Sat Cat: 23657 . COSPAR: 1995-046A. Apogee: 668 km (415 mi). Perigee: 631 km (392 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.70 min. Oceanographic remote sensing; carried FASat-Alfa microsat for Chile that failed to deploy..
  • Fasat-Alfa - . Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Nation: Chile. Agency: VKS. Manufacturer: Surrey. Program: Fasat. Spacecraft Bus: SSTL-70. Spacecraft: SSTL-70. COSPAR: 1995-046xx. Apogee: 639 km (397 mi). Perigee: 605 km (375 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 97.20 min. Chile's first satellite built through a technology transfer programme with Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. Carried store and forward and Earth observation payloads. Decommissioned as of 2000..

1995 December 20 - . 00:52 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2326 - . Payload: US-PM s/n 7. Mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-PU. Duration: 660.00 days. Decay Date: 1997-11-08 . USAF Sat Cat: 23748 . COSPAR: 1995-071A. Apogee: 415 km (257 mi). Perigee: 406 km (252 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 87.20 min. EORSAT, placed in 215 degree ascending node orbital slot. Ocean surveillance; also performed astrophysics research..

1996 February 19 - . 00:58 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2328 - . Payload: Gonets-D1 No. 1. Mass: 250 kg (550 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RAKA. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Gonets-D1. USAF Sat Cat: 23787 . COSPAR: 1996-009A. Apogee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Perigee: 1,399 km (869 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 113.90 min. LEO. Carried photo-surveillance system for disaster monitoring; also carried communications package .
  • Cosmos 2330 - . Payload: Gonets-D1 No. 3. Mass: 250 kg (550 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RAKA. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Gonets-D1. USAF Sat Cat: 23789 . COSPAR: 1996-009C. Apogee: 1,415 km (879 mi). Perigee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min. LEO. Carried photo-surveillance system for disaster monitoring; also carried communications package .
  • Cosmos 2328 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 105. Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 23790 . COSPAR: 1996-009D. Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Perigee: 1,408 km (874 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.
  • Cosmos 2329 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 106. Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 23791 . COSPAR: 1996-009E. Apogee: 1,421 km (882 mi). Perigee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.20 min.
  • Cosmos 2330 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 107. Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 23792 . COSPAR: 1996-009F. Apogee: 1,427 km (886 mi). Perigee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.20 min.
  • Cosmos 2329 - . Payload: Gonets-D1 No. 2. Mass: 250 kg (550 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RAKA. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Gonets-D1. USAF Sat Cat: 23788 . COSPAR: 1996-009B. Apogee: 1,415 km (879 mi). Perigee: 1,406 km (873 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min. LEO. Carried photo-surveillance system for disaster monitoring; also carried communications package .

1996 December 11 - . 12:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2335 - . Payload: US-PM s/n 8. Mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-PU. Decay Date: 1999-01-01 . USAF Sat Cat: 24670 . COSPAR: 1996-069A. Apogee: 418 km (259 mi). Perigee: 403 km (250 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.80 min. EORSAT, second of three to be stationed at 120 degree intervals on the same orbit with a 143 degree ascending node. However cutbacks in program resulted in the constellation not being completed. Still in operation as of December 1997..

1997 February 14 - . 03:47 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Gonets-D1 - . Payload: Gonets-D1 No. 4. Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RAKA. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Gonets-D1. USAF Sat Cat: 24725 . COSPAR: 1997-006A. Apogee: 1,428 km (887 mi). Perigee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.20 min. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket..
  • Gonets-D1 - . Payload: Gonets-D1 No. 5. Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RAKA. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Gonets-D1. USAF Sat Cat: 24726 . COSPAR: 1997-006B. Apogee: 1,422 km (883 mi). Perigee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.20 min.
  • Cosmos 2339 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 110. Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 24730 . COSPAR: 1997-006F. Apogee: 1,415 km (879 mi). Perigee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.
  • Cosmos 2338 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 109. Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 24729 . COSPAR: 1997-006E. Apogee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.
  • Gonets-D1 - . Payload: Gonets-D1 No. 6. Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RAKA. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Gonets-D1. USAF Sat Cat: 24727 . COSPAR: 1997-006C. Apogee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Perigee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.10 min.
  • Cosmos 2337 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 108. Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 24728 . COSPAR: 1997-006D. Apogee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Perigee: 1,403 km (871 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.00 min.

1997 December 9 - . 07:17 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2347 - . Payload: US-PM s/n 9. Mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-PU. Decay Date: 1999-12-11 . USAF Sat Cat: 25088 . COSPAR: 1997-079A. Apogee: 417 km (259 mi). Perigee: 403 km (250 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.80 min. EORSAT, in the 217 degree ascending node slot. Still in operation as of December 1997..

1998 June 15 - . 22:58 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3. FAILURE: The launch vehicle control system was misprogrammed before launch due to a malfunction of the ground instrumentation. However the satellites were in usable orbits..
  • Cosmos 2352 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 108. Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 25363 . COSPAR: 1998-036A. Apogee: 1,872 km (1,163 mi). Perigee: 1,313 km (815 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 118.00 min. Six Strela-3 military communications satellites launched as usual by a single launch vehicle. However the S5M third stage cut off early during its circulisation burn, leaving the satellites in elliptical 1300 x 1900 km orbits..
  • Cosmos 2355 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 111. Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 25366 . COSPAR: 1998-036D. Apogee: 1,865 km (1,158 mi). Perigee: 1,305 km (810 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 117.90 min.
  • Cosmos 2356 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 112. Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 25367 . COSPAR: 1998-036E. Apogee: 1,865 km (1,158 mi). Perigee: 1,300 km (800 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 117.80 min.
  • Cosmos 2354 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 110. Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 25365 . COSPAR: 1998-036C. Apogee: 1,869 km (1,161 mi). Perigee: 1,309 km (813 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 118.00 min.
  • Cosmos 2357 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 113. Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 25368 . COSPAR: 1998-036F. Apogee: 1,861 km (1,156 mi). Perigee: 1,296 km (805 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 117.70 min.
  • Cosmos 2353 - . Payload: Strela-3 no. 109. Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 25364 . COSPAR: 1998-036B. Apogee: 1,867 km (1,160 mi). Perigee: 1,303 km (809 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 117.90 min.

1999 December 26 - . 08:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2367 - . Payload: US-PM s/n 10. Mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: VMF. Manufacturer: Arsenal. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-PU. Decay Date: 2002-07-19 . USAF Sat Cat: 26040 . COSPAR: 1999-072A. Apogee: 418 km (259 mi). Perigee: 404 km (251 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg.

    Passive naval electronic intelligence satellite. The satellite was placed in an initial 147 km x 442 km orbit at 65 degree inclination. The US-PM's propulsion module fired at apogee to circularize the orbit. Replaced the only previous remaining US-PM satellite which ended operations in November and reentered earlier in December 1999.


2000 December 27 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3. FAILURE: The S5M third stage steering unit failed and the vehicle crashed a few thousand km downrange near Wrangel Island.. Failed Stage: 3.
2001 July 31 - . 08:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Koronas-F - . Payload: AUOS-SM-KF. Mass: 2,260 kg (4,980 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RAKA. Manufacturer: Yuzhnoye. Class: Astronomy. Type: Solar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AUOS. Spacecraft: AUOS. Decay Date: 2005-12-06 . USAF Sat Cat: 26873 . COSPAR: 2001-032A. Apogee: 529 km (328 mi). Perigee: 486 km (301 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg.

    Launch delayed from July 25. Koronas-F was a Russian solar observatory that pointed toward Sun within 10 arc-minutes to conduct a variety of observations. In broad categories, it carried X-ray monitors to locate sources within 1 arc-sec, radio receivers to measure flux and polarization, and particle counters. Additional Details: here....


2001 December 21 - . 04:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2383 - . Payload: US-PM s/n 11. Mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: VMF. Manufacturer: Arsenal. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-PU. Decay Date: 2004-03-20 . USAF Sat Cat: 27053 . COSPAR: 2001-057A. Apogee: 415 km (257 mi). Perigee: 404 km (251 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg.

    Signal Intelligence Satellite. Launch delayed December 19. The booster put the satellite into an initial orbit of 145 x 405 km x 65.0 deg. At apogee the satellite ignited its own propulsion system to increase velocity by about 70-80 m/s and circularize the orbit.


2001 December 28 - . 03:24 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Cosmos 2384 - . Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: VKS. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 27055 . COSPAR: 2001-058A. Apogee: 1,432 km (889 mi). Perigee: 1,416 km (879 mi). Inclination: 82.6000 deg. Period: 114.30 min.

    The Tsiklon put six military Strela-3 and three civilian equivalent Gonets-D1 satellites into a medium earth orbit. Due to a launch failure in 2000 this was the first replenishment of the Strela satellite constellation since 1998. The Tsiklon second stage burn was complete at 0329:02 UTC. The S5M stage separated and ignited at 0330 and shut down at 0332:00, placing the stage and satellite dispenser in a suborbital -550 x 1400 km orbit. A second burn at apogee at 0406:15 UTC put the stage in a 1400 km circular orbit. The three Gonets satellites separated first, beginning at 0407:28 UTC; the last of the three Kosmos/Strela satellites was ejected at 0408:33, with a perigee about 15 km higher than the first of the deployments.

  • Cosmos 2386 - . Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: VKS. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 27057 . COSPAR: 2001-058C. Apogee: 1,419 km (881 mi). Perigee: 1,415 km (879 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 114.20 min. Three military Strela-3 and three civilian equivalent Gonets-D1 satellites orbited in a single launch..
  • Gonets D1 - . Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: VKS. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Civilian store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Gonets-D1. USAF Sat Cat: 27058 . COSPAR: 2001-058D. Apogee: 1,419 km (881 mi). Perigee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 114.10 min. Three military Strela-3 and three civilian equivalent Gonets-D1 satellites orbited in a single launch..
  • Gonets D1 - . Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: VKS. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Civilian store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Gonets-D1. USAF Sat Cat: 27059 . COSPAR: 2001-058E. Apogee: 1,418 km (881 mi). Perigee: 1,416 km (879 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 114.20 min. Three military Strela-3 and three civilian equivalent Gonets-D1 satellites orbited in a single launch..
  • Gonets D1 - . Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: VKS. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Civilian store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Gonets-D1. USAF Sat Cat: 27060 . COSPAR: 2001-058F. Apogee: 1,418 km (881 mi). Perigee: 1,404 km (872 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 114.00 min. Three military Strela-3 and three civilian equivalent Gonets-D1 satellites orbited in a single launch..
  • Cosmos 2385 - . Mass: 225 kg (496 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: VKS. Manufacturer: Reshetnev bureau. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-3. USAF Sat Cat: 27056 . COSPAR: 2001-058B. Apogee: 1,426 km (886 mi). Perigee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 114.30 min. Three military Strela-3 and three civilian equivalent Gonets-D1 satellites orbited in a single launch..

2004 May 28 - . 06:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2405 - . Mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: VMF. Manufacturer: Arsenal. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-PU. Decay Date: 2006-06-16 . USAF Sat Cat: 28350 . COSPAR: 2004-020A. Apogee: 417 km (259 mi). Perigee: 405 km (251 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.80 min. Original reported name Cosmos 2407..

2004 December 24 - . 11:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3. FAILURE: Launch vehicle control system failure during third stage apogee kick burn..
  • Sich-1M - . Payload: Okean O1-N9. Mass: 2,263 kg (4,989 lb). Nation: Ukraine. Agency: NKAU. Manufacturer: Yuzhnoye. Program: Okean. Class: Earth. Type: Earth resources radar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Okean-O1. Spacecraft: Okean-O1. Decay Date: 2006-04-15 . USAF Sat Cat: 28505 . COSPAR: 2004-052A. Apogee: 650 km (400 mi). Perigee: 280 km (170 mi). Inclination: 82.5559 deg. Ukranian-built remote sensing satellite. Originally tagged by USAF SpaceCom as Cosmos 2412. Third stage apogee kick burn was too short, raising the perigee of the orbit from 78 km to 280 km, rather than the 650 km planned..
  • Mikron - . Payload: MK-1TS. Mass: 66 kg (145 lb). Nation: Ukraine. Agency: NKAU. Manufacturer: Yuzhnoye. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: MS-1. Spacecraft: MS-1. Decay Date: 2005-09-30 . USAF Sat Cat: 28507 . COSPAR: 2004-052C. Apogee: 650 km (400 mi). Perigee: 280 km (170 mi). Inclination: 82.5559 deg.

    The Mikron microsatellite was equipped with a small visible range video camera. The information from the satellite was to be used to provide remote sensing of topography and meteorology. However the main purpose of the experimental satellite was to test the MS-1 microsatellite bus created under the Ukrainian National Space Program. The satellites spectral range was from 0.45 to 0.90 mm; swath width was 253-391 km; resolution 124-191 m.


2006 June 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/20. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.
  • Cosmos 2421 - . Mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: VMF. Manufacturer: Arsenal. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval signals intelligence satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-PU. Decay Date: 2006-06-24 . USAF Sat Cat: 29246 . COSPAR: 2006-026A. Apogee: 414 km (257 mi). Perigee: 384 km (238 mi). Inclination: 65.0000 deg. Period: 92.50 min.

2009 January 30 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/2. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.
  • Koronas-Foton - . Payload: AUOS-SM-KF. Mass: 1,900 kg (4,100 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RAKA. Manufacturer: Yuzhnoye. Class: Astronomy. Type: Solar satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AUOS. Spacecraft: AUOS. USAF Sat Cat: 33504 . COSPAR: 2009-003A. Apogee: 561 km (348 mi). Perigee: 539 km (334 mi). Inclination: 82.5000 deg. Period: 95.70 min.

    Carried ten instruments to study in the sun throughout the electromagnetic spectrum, primarily Russian: Natalya-2M spectrometer; RT-2 gamma-telescope (India); Pingvin-M polarimeter; Konus-RF x-ray and gamma spectrometer; BRM x-ray detector; FOKA UV-detector; TESIS telescope/spectrometer with SphinX soft X-ray spectrophotometer (Poland); Electron-M-Peska charged particles analyser; STEP-F Electron and proton detector(Ukraine); SM-8M magnetometer. Follow-up to 2001 Koronas-F launch.



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