Sitting across a table from the man known as Moby, you wonder if perhaps your eyes are playing tricks on you. Wearing glasses, he's referring to his chief operating officer, discussing the finer points of corporate brand extension, and carrying on about irresponsible young rock stars(!) between sips of loose-leaf tea (you know, the kind your grandma drinks). How can a man with such a sublimely round orb of a head, you wonder, sound so...square?<\/p>\n
\"I was looking at this article called 'Stars and Their Cars,\" he's saying softly, his voice tinged with disbelief. \"It was 20 musicians and their various fancy cars. And if you look at the shelf life of most musicians' careers, there are two or three years where they're profitable. Suppose a musician sells two million records. They're like, 'Wow, I must be rich.' But what they're not thinking of is, there are four other people in the band, there's a manager, lawyers, music video costs, promotion costs, touring costs, and taxes. And I wanted to call up each musician and just say, 'Haven't you done your research? Look at the numbers!\"<\/p>\n
Meet Moby the CEO, the fiscally conservative alter ego of the politically liberal, multiple-platinum-selling pop star who packs concert halls, scoops up MTV awards, and has been virtually anointed the coolest mainstream act in America. It's this Moby that forged an extraordinary relationship with the business world a few years ago when companies around the globe -- from Nordstrom to American Express to Nissan -- fell over one another to license all 18 songs from his 1999 album, Play<\/em>, for use in commercials, films, and television shows. In the end, it's estimated that the songs were licensed a staggering 800 times. And a rock-star businessman was born.<\/p>\n Moby the man was actually born 39 years ago as Richard Melville Hall, great-great-grandnephew of Herman Melville, author of Moby Dick<\/em>. His parents nicknamed him Moby early on and it stuck. In his 20s he became one of the top club DJs and dance-music artists in New York City, spinning electronica in a way that would eventually cross over to mainstream pop audiences with Play<\/em>.<\/p>\n And now with lessons in branding, licensing, and publicity under his belt, he's venturing into the business world again. His own label? A recording studio, perhaps? A high-end fashion label? Nope. Try a tea cafe. On the Lower East Side of Manhattan. That's right. Tea.<\/p>\n On the surface, it hardly seems ambitious. The place is small. Ten tables or so. It's cute. And there are 97 different kinds of tea on the menu (because drinks have much higher margins than food, Moby points out). The food is strictly vegetarian, and it also caters to a vegan crowd since Moby happens to be one himself. And it's very popular, with an overflow crowd that even sent Moby himself to another cafe down the street on a recent rainy day.<\/p>\n He started the cafe, called Teany (pronounced \"teeny\"), in the summer of 2002 with his ex-girlfriend Kelly Tisdale, who remains his business partner. Unbeknownst to them both, they had each harbored a desire to open a tea cafe for many years, and discovered each other's secret dream soon after September 11, 2001. Downtown residents both, they were shell-shocked from that day (which happens to be Moby's birthday) and thought such a cafe might bring comfort to those in their neighborhood. And they thought there was a niche to be filled; they felt as if all the teahouses in New York City had either an English or an Asian twist to them. \"You just don't really have any plain old American teahouses,\" says Tisdale. \"We don't treat it like some sacred ceremony, and we don't charge $9 for a tiny pot that you're supposed to chant over before you drink. It's very unintimidating.\"<\/p>\n But she soon realized they'd made their first mistake. They opened the cafe with 93 steaming hot teas on the menu at the beginning of a steaming hot summer in the city. \"It was really stupid of us,\" says Tisdale, who opened the cafe while Moby was on tour. \"We didn't even think of iced drinks.\"<\/p>\n Tisdale quickly whipped up a few iced tea flavors for parched customers, but it wasn't until Moby returned from tour a few months later that the seeds of a larger idea were planted. Moby had remembered trying a tea juice drink at a Los Angeles restaurant and began mixing some of Teany's teas with juices and spices. \"No one's going to want that,\" Tisdale told Moby at the time. But she humored him. And Moby turned out, perhaps not surprisingly, to be a mix master, fusing flavors like pomegranate juice and white tea as if they were backbeats and blues samples. After dozens of duds, they came up with a handful of flavors they liked. More importantly, the flavors proved to be big hits with customers. And Moby began to see a bigger picture emerging.<\/p> He sensed that the bottled tea drinks on the market were either too sweet (Snapple) or too purist (Honest Tea); there was nothing that was slightly sweet, healthy, and fun. Before long, the cafe wasn't just a cafe anymore. \"The restaurant exists as a restaurant but also as a brand-development laboratory,\" Moby says. He and Tisdale tried out creations like the Antioxidant cooler and the Vanilla Berry Hibiscus cooler on customers while hatching plans for an ambitious bottled tea line, as well as future projects like bagged teas, loose leaf teas, and even a cookbook (due out in April). \"If you just open a restaurant, it's going to be frustrating,\" he says, citing the low margins on food. \"But if you see it as a way of developing the brand and developing product as well, I think it makes it more viable, more interesting, more exciting, and with less pressure on the restaurant.\"<\/p>\n Even when developing the name and logo, Moby looked for something that could lend itself to other products. He wanted a unique name and a simple, clean logo that would stand out regardless of the product. \"If you're going to start a business,\" he says, \"don't box yourself in as far as your development potential.\"<\/p> And for the musician in him, there was a huge upside to the food and beverage segment. \"With what's happening to the music business and film business with downloading,\" he says, \"one of my goals is to start businesses that make things that can't be downloaded. And basically, you can't download a bottle of tea -- at least not yet.\"<\/p>\n And so in June of this year, Moby, along with consultant Barney Stacher, who also helped launch the cultish Dirty Girl brand of soaps, introduced Teany Bottled Tea in the New York metropolitan area. It's already in 200 stores, and has just expanded to Paris, where it's now carried in the department store Galleries Lafayette. There are discussions with Whole Foods, which carries Teany tea in its Manhattan stores, to carry the product nationally. One especially effective strategy was mixing the teas with alcohol -- birthing the Teany Bellini and the MarTeany, to name two -- at trendy New York parties, opening up whole new marketing channels.<\/p>\n Dane Neller, CEO and president of Dean & Deluca, a high-end specialty food retailer that's primarily in the Northeast, says the bottled tea line has been received \"incredibly well.\" He attributes the success to the product's quality and to the eye-catching label that Moby created. He also says it's a savvy move on Moby's part not to push his involvement with it. \"You want to sell the product, not the hype,\" he says. His only concern is that the company may try to grow too quickly.<\/p>\n It's a concern Moby shares. He says he's not inclined to sell the brand off to a large company like Coke or Pepsi, or even to partner with big-money investors who would expect fast results. \"It seems like doing it ourselves, and financing it myself, we can keep it very small,\" he says. \"And I don't know, this might be the dumbest thing in the world, but I just thought in launching, in developing the brand, I want to understand it before it expands. I want to be able to walk into almost every store that sells Teany and make sure it's being positioned well and also see how people respond to it. You want to start small because it seems like, ironically, starting small hopefully gives you the best chance of survival because then your mistakes are small mistakes.\"<\/p>\n And launching in the summer wasn't the only one. The first nine months, the cafe lost money hand over fist. \"We had a really complicated menu at first,\" says Tisdale, who had worked in several restaurants before but never as a manager. They were using expensive ingredients, some of which spoiled very quickly. \"We were basically paying people a dollar to eat our sandwiches. I had a cook who was very smart, and she told me, 'You're never going to make money like this. You don't need me here five days a week, you only need me here two. Simplify your menu and you'll be fine.\"<\/p> They broke even in year two. And Moby, who was barely visible in the opening months, now treats it as a second home. He lives six blocks away and eats there every day, sometimes twice a day. But there are no signs -- except for his frequent presence -- that he is affiliated with the cafe. They don't play his music, and there are no pictures of him (in part because Moby, while popular, is a polarizing artist, especially given his strong anti-Bush viewpoint). Many of the patrons don't recognize him, though some occasionally approach him for an autograph, and he happily indulges them. He is, however, very aware of his customers.<\/p> Tisdale says Moby is flat-out obsessed with customer service. \"He'll be in the middle of a lunch meeting with four people,\" she says. \"But if our staff doesn't greet customers who walk in within the first five seconds, Moby is up, running to get them menus and greeting them. I'd bet if someone walked in here and said, 'I really, really, really want to eat for free,' and if Moby was standing there he'd probably say to me, 'Well, it's just this once. Think of the markup on these things, you can just do one, can't you?' I'm almost sure of it.\" He regularly jumps up and clears his own table if a customer walks in and there are no tables available. He shovels snow from the front sidewalk. He adjusts the awnings so the glare of the sun doesn't hit diners in their eyes. \"I don't think he expected that he was going to like Teany so much,\" says Tisdale. \"But he adores it. He's so proud of it.\"<\/p>\n Moby says that one of his favorite days this year was the day the Teany bottles started rolling off the assembly line. \"Most people's best day would be on the beach at St. Bart's or driving a motorcycle above St. Tropez,\" says Moby. \"Me, it was being in Union, N.J., at the bottling plant. You feel like a queen bee giving birth to a few hundred thousand babies. You see the bottles come off and you're like, 'Wow, it exists now.' And I guess that's what's most exciting about starting this or making music -- creating something that didn't exist beforehand.\"<\/p>\n But despite the huge time commitment to his new album, coming out in March, he says he finds his mind drifting back to Teany, perhaps more than it should. \"It's fun, but it gets very stressful,\" he says. \"I find myself losing sleep because there's a health food store on University Place that isn't carrying Teany. I need to learn to take a step back.\"<\/p>\n Still, his plans for the company are anything but teeny. He'd love to franchise, a la Starbucks (which happens to be named for the character Starbuck in Moby Dick<\/em>, a favorite book of Starbucks' founders). \"I have this theory,\" Moby says, \"and I'll probably end up being wrong, but I really think that in the next 25 years, tea will not replace coffee, but green tea consumption is going to go through the roof. Green tea is, pound for pound, one of the healthiest foodstuffs on the planet. And it's a good vehicle for delivering caffeine, tastes nice, and has an incredible diversity of flavors.\" He says he doesn't know enough about franchising yet, but he does know it's a real estate game, and that profit margins on franchising aren't particularly meaty.<\/p>\n Meanwhile, Moby's next start-ups are Little Idiot Collective (Little Idiot is the name of a character he draws compulsively), a maker of apparel and merchandise, and Blab Co., a group of illustrators -- including himself -- that he's helping organize in the hopes of licensing their work not only for publications and companies but also for Little Idiot's products. \"For some reason, I have this almost pathological need to throw myself into things that I know nothing about,\" he says. \"It's so exciting. A year ago, I knew nothing about the bottled beverage business.\"<\/p>\n But his COO, David Ronick, who oversees all the entities under the umbrella of Moby Entertainment, says Moby's a quick study and actually has some natural advantages. \"In the traditional sense of marketing you think about who's our customer, what are their needs and wants, and how do we create a product or service that meets those needs and wants in a way that we can scale off of,\" he says. \"But Moby kind of flips those things on their head, in that he looks at things as 'What would my friends want? What should people want that maybe they don't know about yet?' I think he needs to be ahead of the curve.\"<\/p>\n That, of course, is Moby's specialty.<\/p>\n This is Elyssa Lee's and Rob Turner's first story for Inc.<\/p>","inc_pubdate":"2004-12-01 00:00:00","inc_promo_date":"2004-12-01 00:00:00","inc_custom_pubdate":null,"inc_show_feature_imageflag":true,"inc_image_caption_override":null,"inc_autid":null,"inc_typid":0,"inc_staid":8,"inc_serid":null,"inc_prtid":null,"inc_activeflag":true,"inc_copyeditedflag":false,"inc_filelocation":"magazine\/20041201\/celebrity-moby.html","inc_hide_commentsflag":false,"inc_hide_article_sidebarflag":false,"id":20434,"channels":[{"id":8,"cnl_name":"Business Plans","cnl_filelocation":"business-plans","cnl_custom_color":null,"cnl_calculated_color":"F7CE00","sortorder":0}],"authors":[{"aut_name":"Elyssa Lee","aut_last_name_for_sort":null,"aut_title":null,"aut_column_name":null,"aut_imgid":null,"aut_blurb":null,"aut_footer_blurb":null,"aut_twitter_id":null,"aut_googleplus_id":null,"aut_entid":null,"aut_usrid":null,"aut_admin_username":null,"aut_base_filelocation":"elyssa-lee","aut_atyid":null,"aut_monthly_commitment":null,"aut_compensated_authorflag":null,"time_created":null,"time_updated":null,"id":"2571","sortorder":1,"tbl":"author","fields":null,"application_path":"\/public_web_sites\/www.inc.com\/reflex\/","core_application_url":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/","display_footer_blurb":"","authorimage":null},{"aut_name":"Rob Turner","aut_last_name_for_sort":null,"aut_title":null,"aut_column_name":null,"aut_imgid":null,"aut_blurb":null,"aut_footer_blurb":null,"aut_twitter_id":null,"aut_googleplus_id":null,"aut_entid":null,"aut_usrid":null,"aut_admin_username":null,"aut_base_filelocation":"rob-turner","aut_atyid":null,"aut_monthly_commitment":null,"aut_compensated_authorflag":null,"time_created":null,"time_updated":null,"id":"2572","sortorder":2,"tbl":"author","fields":null,"application_path":"\/public_web_sites\/www.inc.com\/reflex\/","core_application_url":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/","display_footer_blurb":"","authorimage":null}],"images":[],"image-models":[],"slideshows":[],"formatted_text":" Sitting across a table from the man known as Moby, you wonder if perhaps your eyes are playing tricks on you. Wearing glasses, he's referring to his chief operating officer, discussing the finer points of corporate brand extension, and carrying on about irresponsible young rock stars(!) between sips of loose-leaf tea (you know, the kind your grandma drinks). How can a man with such a sublimely round orb of a head, you wonder, sound so...square?<\/p>\n \"I was looking at this article called 'Stars and Their Cars,\" he's saying softly, his voice tinged with disbelief. \"It was 20 musicians and their various fancy cars. And if you look at the shelf life of most musicians' careers, there are two or three years where they're profitable. Suppose a musician sells two million records. They're like, 'Wow, I must be rich.' But what they're not thinking of is, there are four other people in the band, there's a manager, lawyers, music video costs, promotion costs, touring costs, and taxes. And I wanted to call up each musician and just say, 'Haven't you done your research? Look at the numbers!\"<\/p>\n Meet Moby the CEO, the fiscally conservative alter ego of the politically liberal, multiple-platinum-selling pop star who packs concert halls, scoops up MTV awards, and has been virtually anointed the coolest mainstream act in America. It's this Moby that forged an extraordinary relationship with the business world a few years ago when companies around the globe -- from Nordstrom to American Express to Nissan -- fell over one another to license all 18 songs from his 1999 album, Play<\/em>, for use in commercials, films, and television shows. In the end, it's estimated that the songs were licensed a staggering 800 times. And a rock-star businessman was born.<\/p>\n Moby the man was actually born 39 years ago as Richard Melville Hall, great-great-grandnephew of Herman Melville, author of Moby Dick<\/em>. His parents nicknamed him Moby early on and it stuck. In his 20s he became one of the top club DJs and dance-music artists in New York City, spinning electronica in a way that would eventually cross over to mainstream pop audiences with Play<\/em>.<\/p>\n And now with lessons in branding, licensing, and publicity under his belt, he's venturing into the business world again. His own label? A recording studio, perhaps? A high-end fashion label? Nope. Try a tea cafe. On the Lower East Side of Manhattan. That's right. Tea.<\/p>\n On the surface, it hardly seems ambitious. The place is small. Ten tables or so. It's cute. And there are 97 different kinds of tea on the menu (because drinks have much higher margins than food, Moby points out). The food is strictly vegetarian, and it also caters to a vegan crowd since Moby happens to be one himself. And it's very popular, with an overflow crowd that even sent Moby himself to another cafe down the street on a recent rainy day.<\/p>\n He started the cafe, called Teany (pronounced \"teeny\"), in the summer of 2002 with his ex-girlfriend Kelly Tisdale, who remains his business partner. Unbeknownst to them both, they had each harbored a desire to open a tea cafe for many years, and discovered each other's secret dream soon after September 11, 2001. Downtown residents both, they were shell-shocked from that day (which happens to be Moby's birthday) and thought such a cafe might bring comfort to those in their neighborhood. And they thought there was a niche to be filled; they felt as if all the teahouses in New York City had either an English or an Asian twist to them. \"You just don't really have any plain old American teahouses,\" says Tisdale. \"We don't treat it like some sacred ceremony, and we don't charge $9 for a tiny pot that you're supposed to chant over before you drink. It's very unintimidating.\"<\/p>\n But she soon realized they'd made their first mistake. They opened the cafe with 93 steaming hot teas on the menu at the beginning of a steaming hot summer in the city. \"It was really stupid of us,\" says Tisdale, who opened the cafe while Moby was on tour. \"We didn't even think of iced drinks.\"<\/p>\n Tisdale quickly whipped up a few iced tea flavors for parched customers, but it wasn't until Moby returned from tour a few months later that the seeds of a larger idea were planted. Moby had remembered trying a tea juice drink at a Los Angeles restaurant and began mixing some of Teany's teas with juices and spices. \"No one's going to want that,\" Tisdale told Moby at the time. But she humored him. And Moby turned out, perhaps not surprisingly, to be a mix master, fusing flavors like pomegranate juice and white tea as if they were backbeats and blues samples. After dozens of duds, they came up with a handful of flavors they liked. More importantly, the flavors proved to be big hits with customers. And Moby began to see a bigger picture emerging.<\/p> He sensed that the bottled tea drinks on the market were either too sweet (Snapple) or too purist (Honest Tea); there was nothing that was slightly sweet, healthy, and fun. Before long, the cafe wasn't just a cafe anymore. \"The restaurant exists as a restaurant but also as a brand-development laboratory,\" Moby says. He and Tisdale tried out creations like the Antioxidant cooler and the Vanilla Berry Hibiscus cooler on customers while hatching plans for an ambitious bottled tea line, as well as future projects like bagged teas, loose leaf teas, and even a cookbook (due out in April). \"If you just open a restaurant, it's going to be frustrating,\" he says, citing the low margins on food. \"But if you see it as a way of developing the brand and developing product as well, I think it makes it more viable, more interesting, more exciting, and with less pressure on the restaurant.\"<\/p>\n Even when developing the name and logo, Moby looked for something that could lend itself to other products. He wanted a unique name and a simple, clean logo that would stand out regardless of the product. \"If you're going to start a business,\" he says, \"don't box yourself in as far as your development potential.\"<\/p> And for the musician in him, there was a huge upside to the food and beverage segment. \"With what's happening to the music business and film business with downloading,\" he says, \"one of my goals is to start businesses that make things that can't be downloaded. And basically, you can't download a bottle of tea -- at least not yet.\"<\/p>\n And so in June of this year, Moby, along with consultant Barney Stacher, who also helped launch the cultish Dirty Girl brand of soaps, introduced Teany Bottled Tea in the New York metropolitan area. It's already in 200 stores, and has just expanded to Paris, where it's now carried in the department store Galleries Lafayette. There are discussions with Whole Foods, which carries Teany tea in its Manhattan stores, to carry the product nationally. One especially effective strategy was mixing the teas with alcohol -- birthing the Teany Bellini and the MarTeany, to name two -- at trendy New York parties, opening up whole new marketing channels.<\/p>\n Dane Neller, CEO and president of Dean & Deluca, a high-end specialty food retailer that's primarily in the Northeast, says the bottled tea line has been received \"incredibly well.\" He attributes the success to the product's quality and to the eye-catching label that Moby created. He also says it's a savvy move on Moby's part not to push his involvement with it. \"You want to sell the product, not the hype,\" he says. His only concern is that the company may try to grow too quickly.<\/p>\n It's a concern Moby shares. He says he's not inclined to sell the brand off to a large company like Coke or Pepsi, or even to partner with big-money investors who would expect fast results. \"It seems like doing it ourselves, and financing it myself, we can keep it very small,\" he says. \"And I don't know, this might be the dumbest thing in the world, but I just thought in launching, in developing the brand, I want to understand it before it expands. I want to be able to walk into almost every store that sells Teany and make sure it's being positioned well and also see how people respond to it. You want to start small because it seems like, ironically, starting small hopefully gives you the best chance of survival because then your mistakes are small mistakes.\"<\/p>\n And launching in the summer wasn't the only one. The first nine months, the cafe lost money hand over fist. \"We had a really complicated menu at first,\" says Tisdale, who had worked in several restaurants before but never as a manager. They were using expensive ingredients, some of which spoiled very quickly. \"We were basically paying people a dollar to eat our sandwiches. I had a cook who was very smart, and she told me, 'You're never going to make money like this. You don't need me here five days a week, you only need me here two. Simplify your menu and you'll be fine.\"<\/p> They broke even in year two. And Moby, who was barely visible in the opening months, now treats it as a second home. He lives six blocks away and eats there every day, sometimes twice a day. But there are no signs -- except for his frequent presence -- that he is affiliated with the cafe. They don't play his music, and there are no pictures of him (in part because Moby, while popular, is a polarizing artist, especially given his strong anti-Bush viewpoint). Many of the patrons don't recognize him, though some occasionally approach him for an autograph, and he happily indulges them. He is, however, very aware of his customers.<\/p> Tisdale says Moby is flat-out obsessed with customer service. \"He'll be in the middle of a lunch meeting with four people,\" she says. \"But if our staff doesn't greet customers who walk in within the first five seconds, Moby is up, running to get them menus and greeting them. I'd bet if someone walked in here and said, 'I really, really, really want to eat for free,' and if Moby was standing there he'd probably say to me, 'Well, it's just this once. Think of the markup on these things, you can just do one, can't you?' I'm almost sure of it.\" He regularly jumps up and clears his own table if a customer walks in and there are no tables available. He shovels snow from the front sidewalk. He adjusts the awnings so the glare of the sun doesn't hit diners in their eyes. \"I don't think he expected that he was going to like Teany so much,\" says Tisdale. \"But he adores it. He's so proud of it.\"<\/p>\n Moby says that one of his favorite days this year was the day the Teany bottles started rolling off the assembly line. \"Most people's best day would be on the beach at St. Bart's or driving a motorcycle above St. Tropez,\" says Moby. \"Me, it was being in Union, N.J., at the bottling plant. You feel like a queen bee giving birth to a few hundred thousand babies. You see the bottles come off and you're like, 'Wow, it exists now.' And I guess that's what's most exciting about starting this or making music -- creating something that didn't exist beforehand.\"<\/p>\n But despite the huge time commitment to his new album, coming out in March, he says he finds his mind drifting back to Teany, perhaps more than it should. \"It's fun, but it gets very stressful,\" he says. \"I find myself losing sleep because there's a health food store on University Place that isn't carrying Teany. I need to learn to take a step back.\"<\/p>\n Still, his plans for the company are anything but teeny. He'd love to franchise, a la Starbucks (which happens to be named for the character Starbuck in Moby Dick<\/em>, a favorite book of Starbucks' founders). \"I have this theory,\" Moby says, \"and I'll probably end up being wrong, but I really think that in the next 25 years, tea will not replace coffee, but green tea consumption is going to go through the roof. Green tea is, pound for pound, one of the healthiest foodstuffs on the planet. And it's a good vehicle for delivering caffeine, tastes nice, and has an incredible diversity of flavors.\" He says he doesn't know enough about franchising yet, but he does know it's a real estate game, and that profit margins on franchising aren't particularly meaty.<\/p>\n Meanwhile, Moby's next start-ups are Little Idiot Collective (Little Idiot is the name of a character he draws compulsively), a maker of apparel and merchandise, and Blab Co., a group of illustrators -- including himself -- that he's helping organize in the hopes of licensing their work not only for publications and companies but also for Little Idiot's products. \"For some reason, I have this almost pathological need to throw myself into things that I know nothing about,\" he says. \"It's so exciting. A year ago, I knew nothing about the bottled beverage business.\"<\/p>\n But his COO, David Ronick, who oversees all the entities under the umbrella of Moby Entertainment, says Moby's a quick study and actually has some natural advantages. \"In the traditional sense of marketing you think about who's our customer, what are their needs and wants, and how do we create a product or service that meets those needs and wants in a way that we can scale off of,\" he says. \"But Moby kind of flips those things on their head, in that he looks at things as 'What would my friends want? What should people want that maybe they don't know about yet?' I think he needs to be ahead of the curve.\"<\/p>\n That, of course, is Moby's specialty.<\/p>\n This is Elyssa Lee's and Rob Turner's first story for Inc.<\/p>","adinfo":{"c_type":"article","showlogo":true,"cms":"inc20434","video":"no","aut":["elyssa-lee","rob-turner"],"channelArray":{"topid":"8","topfilelocation":"business__plans","primary":["startup"],"primaryFilelocation":["startup"],"primaryname":["Startup"],"sub":["bizplan"],"subFilelocation":["business-plans"],"subname":["Business Plans"]},"adzone":"\/4160\/mv.inc\/startup\/bizplan\/bizplan"},"commentcount":0};
pageInfo.articles = [{"inc_headline":"Moby, Remixed","inc_homepage_headline":null,"inc_homepage_headline_ab_test":null,"inc_sharing_headline":null,"inc_twitter_headline":null,"inc_title":"Moby, Remixed, Entrepreneurial Skills Article","inc_custom_byline":null,"inc_deck":"A cutting-edge music star who deftly blends art with commerce is brewing a new business venture. How many lumps will he take?","inc_homepage_deck":null,"inc_sharing_deck":null,"inc_clean_text":" Sitting across a table from the man known as Moby, you wonder if perhaps your eyes are playing tricks on you. Wearing glasses, he's referring to his chief operating officer, discussing the finer points of corporate brand extension, and carrying on about irresponsible young rock stars(!) between sips of loose-leaf tea (you know, the kind your grandma drinks). How can a man with such a sublimely round orb of a head, you wonder, sound so...square?<\/p>\n \"I was looking at this article called 'Stars and Their Cars,\" he's saying softly, his voice tinged with disbelief. \"It was 20 musicians and their various fancy cars. And if you look at the shelf life of most musicians' careers, there are two or three years where they're profitable. Suppose a musician sells two million records. They're like, 'Wow, I must be rich.' But what they're not thinking of is, there are four other people in the band, there's a manager, lawyers, music video costs, promotion costs, touring costs, and taxes. And I wanted to call up each musician and just say, 'Haven't you done your research? Look at the numbers!\"<\/p>\n Meet Moby the CEO, the fiscally conservative alter ego of the politically liberal, multiple-platinum-selling pop star who packs concert halls, scoops up MTV awards, and has been virtually anointed the coolest mainstream act in America. It's this Moby that forged an extraordinary relationship with the business world a few years ago when companies around the globe -- from Nordstrom to American Express to Nissan -- fell over one another to license all 18 songs from his 1999 album, Play<\/em>, for use in commercials, films, and television shows. In the end, it's estimated that the songs were licensed a staggering 800 times. And a rock-star businessman was born.<\/p>\n Moby the man was actually born 39 years ago as Richard Melville Hall, great-great-grandnephew of Herman Melville, author of Moby Dick<\/em>. His parents nicknamed him Moby early on and it stuck. In his 20s he became one of the top club DJs and dance-music artists in New York City, spinning electronica in a way that would eventually cross over to mainstream pop audiences with Play<\/em>.<\/p>\n And now with lessons in branding, licensing, and publicity under his belt, he's venturing into the business world again. His own label? A recording studio, perhaps? A high-end fashion label? Nope. Try a tea cafe. On the Lower East Side of Manhattan. That's right. Tea.<\/p>\n On the surface, it hardly seems ambitious. The place is small. Ten tables or so. It's cute. And there are 97 different kinds of tea on the menu (because drinks have much higher margins than food, Moby points out). The food is strictly vegetarian, and it also caters to a vegan crowd since Moby happens to be one himself. And it's very popular, with an overflow crowd that even sent Moby himself to another cafe down the street on a recent rainy day.<\/p>\n He started the cafe, called Teany (pronounced \"teeny\"), in the summer of 2002 with his ex-girlfriend Kelly Tisdale, who remains his business partner. Unbeknownst to them both, they had each harbored a desire to open a tea cafe for many years, and discovered each other's secret dream soon after September 11, 2001. Downtown residents both, they were shell-shocked from that day (which happens to be Moby's birthday) and thought such a cafe might bring comfort to those in their neighborhood. And they thought there was a niche to be filled; they felt as if all the teahouses in New York City had either an English or an Asian twist to them. \"You just don't really have any plain old American teahouses,\" says Tisdale. \"We don't treat it like some sacred ceremony, and we don't charge $9 for a tiny pot that you're supposed to chant over before you drink. It's very unintimidating.\"<\/p>\n But she soon realized they'd made their first mistake. They opened the cafe with 93 steaming hot teas on the menu at the beginning of a steaming hot summer in the city. \"It was really stupid of us,\" says Tisdale, who opened the cafe while Moby was on tour. \"We didn't even think of iced drinks.\"<\/p>\n Tisdale quickly whipped up a few iced tea flavors for parched customers, but it wasn't until Moby returned from tour a few months later that the seeds of a larger idea were planted. Moby had remembered trying a tea juice drink at a Los Angeles restaurant and began mixing some of Teany's teas with juices and spices. \"No one's going to want that,\" Tisdale told Moby at the time. But she humored him. And Moby turned out, perhaps not surprisingly, to be a mix master, fusing flavors like pomegranate juice and white tea as if they were backbeats and blues samples. After dozens of duds, they came up with a handful of flavors they liked. More importantly, the flavors proved to be big hits with customers. And Moby began to see a bigger picture emerging.<\/p> He sensed that the bottled tea drinks on the market were either too sweet (Snapple) or too purist (Honest Tea); there was nothing that was slightly sweet, healthy, and fun. Before long, the cafe wasn't just a cafe anymore. \"The restaurant exists as a restaurant but also as a brand-development laboratory,\" Moby says. He and Tisdale tried out creations like the Antioxidant cooler and the Vanilla Berry Hibiscus cooler on customers while hatching plans for an ambitious bottled tea line, as well as future projects like bagged teas, loose leaf teas, and even a cookbook (due out in April). \"If you just open a restaurant, it's going to be frustrating,\" he says, citing the low margins on food. \"But if you see it as a way of developing the brand and developing product as well, I think it makes it more viable, more interesting, more exciting, and with less pressure on the restaurant.\"<\/p>\n Even when developing the name and logo, Moby looked for something that could lend itself to other products. He wanted a unique name and a simple, clean logo that would stand out regardless of the product. \"If you're going to start a business,\" he says, \"don't box yourself in as far as your development potential.\"<\/p> And for the musician in him, there was a huge upside to the food and beverage segment. \"With what's happening to the music business and film business with downloading,\" he says, \"one of my goals is to start businesses that make things that can't be downloaded. And basically, you can't download a bottle of tea -- at least not yet.\"<\/p>\n And so in June of this year, Moby, along with consultant Barney Stacher, who also helped launch the cultish Dirty Girl brand of soaps, introduced Teany Bottled Tea in the New York metropolitan area. It's already in 200 stores, and has just expanded to Paris, where it's now carried in the department store Galleries Lafayette. There are discussions with Whole Foods, which carries Teany tea in its Manhattan stores, to carry the product nationally. One especially effective strategy was mixing the teas with alcohol -- birthing the Teany Bellini and the MarTeany, to name two -- at trendy New York parties, opening up whole new marketing channels.<\/p>\n Dane Neller, CEO and president of Dean & Deluca, a high-end specialty food retailer that's primarily in the Northeast, says the bottled tea line has been received \"incredibly well.\" He attributes the success to the product's quality and to the eye-catching label that Moby created. He also says it's a savvy move on Moby's part not to push his involvement with it. \"You want to sell the product, not the hype,\" he says. His only concern is that the company may try to grow too quickly.<\/p>\n It's a concern Moby shares. He says he's not inclined to sell the brand off to a large company like Coke or Pepsi, or even to partner with big-money investors who would expect fast results. \"It seems like doing it ourselves, and financing it myself, we can keep it very small,\" he says. \"And I don't know, this might be the dumbest thing in the world, but I just thought in launching, in developing the brand, I want to understand it before it expands. I want to be able to walk into almost every store that sells Teany and make sure it's being positioned well and also see how people respond to it. You want to start small because it seems like, ironically, starting small hopefully gives you the best chance of survival because then your mistakes are small mistakes.\"<\/p>\n And launching in the summer wasn't the only one. The first nine months, the cafe lost money hand over fist. \"We had a really complicated menu at first,\" says Tisdale, who had worked in several restaurants before but never as a manager. They were using expensive ingredients, some of which spoiled very quickly. \"We were basically paying people a dollar to eat our sandwiches. I had a cook who was very smart, and she told me, 'You're never going to make money like this. You don't need me here five days a week, you only need me here two. Simplify your menu and you'll be fine.\"<\/p> They broke even in year two. And Moby, who was barely visible in the opening months, now treats it as a second home. He lives six blocks away and eats there every day, sometimes twice a day. But there are no signs -- except for his frequent presence -- that he is affiliated with the cafe. They don't play his music, and there are no pictures of him (in part because Moby, while popular, is a polarizing artist, especially given his strong anti-Bush viewpoint). Many of the patrons don't recognize him, though some occasionally approach him for an autograph, and he happily indulges them. He is, however, very aware of his customers.<\/p> Tisdale says Moby is flat-out obsessed with customer service. \"He'll be in the middle of a lunch meeting with four people,\" she says. \"But if our staff doesn't greet customers who walk in within the first five seconds, Moby is up, running to get them menus and greeting them. I'd bet if someone walked in here and said, 'I really, really, really want to eat for free,' and if Moby was standing there he'd probably say to me, 'Well, it's just this once. Think of the markup on these things, you can just do one, can't you?' I'm almost sure of it.\" He regularly jumps up and clears his own table if a customer walks in and there are no tables available. He shovels snow from the front sidewalk. He adjusts the awnings so the glare of the sun doesn't hit diners in their eyes. \"I don't think he expected that he was going to like Teany so much,\" says Tisdale. \"But he adores it. He's so proud of it.\"<\/p>\n Moby says that one of his favorite days this year was the day the Teany bottles started rolling off the assembly line. \"Most people's best day would be on the beach at St. Bart's or driving a motorcycle above St. Tropez,\" says Moby. \"Me, it was being in Union, N.J., at the bottling plant. You feel like a queen bee giving birth to a few hundred thousand babies. You see the bottles come off and you're like, 'Wow, it exists now.' And I guess that's what's most exciting about starting this or making music -- creating something that didn't exist beforehand.\"<\/p>\n But despite the huge time commitment to his new album, coming out in March, he says he finds his mind drifting back to Teany, perhaps more than it should. \"It's fun, but it gets very stressful,\" he says. \"I find myself losing sleep because there's a health food store on University Place that isn't carrying Teany. I need to learn to take a step back.\"<\/p>\n Still, his plans for the company are anything but teeny. He'd love to franchise, a la Starbucks (which happens to be named for the character Starbuck in Moby Dick<\/em>, a favorite book of Starbucks' founders). \"I have this theory,\" Moby says, \"and I'll probably end up being wrong, but I really think that in the next 25 years, tea will not replace coffee, but green tea consumption is going to go through the roof. Green tea is, pound for pound, one of the healthiest foodstuffs on the planet. And it's a good vehicle for delivering caffeine, tastes nice, and has an incredible diversity of flavors.\" He says he doesn't know enough about franchising yet, but he does know it's a real estate game, and that profit margins on franchising aren't particularly meaty.<\/p>\n Meanwhile, Moby's next start-ups are Little Idiot Collective (Little Idiot is the name of a character he draws compulsively), a maker of apparel and merchandise, and Blab Co., a group of illustrators -- including himself -- that he's helping organize in the hopes of licensing their work not only for publications and companies but also for Little Idiot's products. \"For some reason, I have this almost pathological need to throw myself into things that I know nothing about,\" he says. \"It's so exciting. A year ago, I knew nothing about the bottled beverage business.\"<\/p>\n But his COO, David Ronick, who oversees all the entities under the umbrella of Moby Entertainment, says Moby's a quick study and actually has some natural advantages. \"In the traditional sense of marketing you think about who's our customer, what are their needs and wants, and how do we create a product or service that meets those needs and wants in a way that we can scale off of,\" he says. \"But Moby kind of flips those things on their head, in that he looks at things as 'What would my friends want? What should people want that maybe they don't know about yet?' I think he needs to be ahead of the curve.\"<\/p>\n That, of course, is Moby's specialty.<\/p>\n This is Elyssa Lee's and Rob Turner's first story for Inc.<\/p>","inc_pubdate":"2004-12-01 00:00:00","inc_promo_date":"2004-12-01 00:00:00","inc_custom_pubdate":null,"inc_show_feature_imageflag":true,"inc_image_caption_override":null,"inc_autid":null,"inc_typid":0,"inc_staid":8,"inc_serid":null,"inc_prtid":null,"inc_activeflag":true,"inc_copyeditedflag":false,"inc_filelocation":"magazine\/20041201\/celebrity-moby.html","inc_hide_commentsflag":false,"inc_hide_article_sidebarflag":false,"id":20434,"channels":[{"id":8,"cnl_name":"Business Plans","cnl_filelocation":"business-plans","cnl_custom_color":null,"cnl_calculated_color":"F7CE00","sortorder":0}],"authors":[{"aut_name":"Elyssa Lee","aut_last_name_for_sort":null,"aut_title":null,"aut_column_name":null,"aut_imgid":null,"aut_blurb":null,"aut_footer_blurb":null,"aut_twitter_id":null,"aut_googleplus_id":null,"aut_entid":null,"aut_usrid":null,"aut_admin_username":null,"aut_base_filelocation":"elyssa-lee","aut_atyid":null,"aut_monthly_commitment":null,"aut_compensated_authorflag":null,"time_created":null,"time_updated":null,"id":"2571","sortorder":1,"tbl":"author","fields":null,"application_path":"\/public_web_sites\/www.inc.com\/reflex\/","core_application_url":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/","display_footer_blurb":"","authorimage":null},{"aut_name":"Rob Turner","aut_last_name_for_sort":null,"aut_title":null,"aut_column_name":null,"aut_imgid":null,"aut_blurb":null,"aut_footer_blurb":null,"aut_twitter_id":null,"aut_googleplus_id":null,"aut_entid":null,"aut_usrid":null,"aut_admin_username":null,"aut_base_filelocation":"rob-turner","aut_atyid":null,"aut_monthly_commitment":null,"aut_compensated_authorflag":null,"time_created":null,"time_updated":null,"id":"2572","sortorder":2,"tbl":"author","fields":null,"application_path":"\/public_web_sites\/www.inc.com\/reflex\/","core_application_url":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/","display_footer_blurb":"","authorimage":null}],"images":[],"image-models":[],"slideshows":[],"formatted_text":" Sitting across a table from the man known as Moby, you wonder if perhaps your eyes are playing tricks on you. Wearing glasses, he's referring to his chief operating officer, discussing the finer points of corporate brand extension, and carrying on about irresponsible young rock stars(!) between sips of loose-leaf tea (you know, the kind your grandma drinks). How can a man with such a sublimely round orb of a head, you wonder, sound so...square?<\/p>\n \"I was looking at this article called 'Stars and Their Cars,\" he's saying softly, his voice tinged with disbelief. \"It was 20 musicians and their various fancy cars. And if you look at the shelf life of most musicians' careers, there are two or three years where they're profitable. Suppose a musician sells two million records. They're like, 'Wow, I must be rich.' But what they're not thinking of is, there are four other people in the band, there's a manager, lawyers, music video costs, promotion costs, touring costs, and taxes. And I wanted to call up each musician and just say, 'Haven't you done your research? Look at the numbers!\"<\/p>\n Meet Moby the CEO, the fiscally conservative alter ego of the politically liberal, multiple-platinum-selling pop star who packs concert halls, scoops up MTV awards, and has been virtually anointed the coolest mainstream act in America. It's this Moby that forged an extraordinary relationship with the business world a few years ago when companies around the globe -- from Nordstrom to American Express to Nissan -- fell over one another to license all 18 songs from his 1999 album, Play<\/em>, for use in commercials, films, and television shows. In the end, it's estimated that the songs were licensed a staggering 800 times. And a rock-star businessman was born.<\/p>\n Moby the man was actually born 39 years ago as Richard Melville Hall, great-great-grandnephew of Herman Melville, author of Moby Dick<\/em>. His parents nicknamed him Moby early on and it stuck. In his 20s he became one of the top club DJs and dance-music artists in New York City, spinning electronica in a way that would eventually cross over to mainstream pop audiences with Play<\/em>.<\/p>\n And now with lessons in branding, licensing, and publicity under his belt, he's venturing into the business world again. His own label? A recording studio, perhaps? A high-end fashion label? Nope. Try a tea cafe. On the Lower East Side of Manhattan. That's right. Tea.<\/p>\n On the surface, it hardly seems ambitious. The place is small. Ten tables or so. It's cute. And there are 97 different kinds of tea on the menu (because drinks have much higher margins than food, Moby points out). The food is strictly vegetarian, and it also caters to a vegan crowd since Moby happens to be one himself. And it's very popular, with an overflow crowd that even sent Moby himself to another cafe down the street on a recent rainy day.<\/p>\n He started the cafe, called Teany (pronounced \"teeny\"), in the summer of 2002 with his ex-girlfriend Kelly Tisdale, who remains his business partner. Unbeknownst to them both, they had each harbored a desire to open a tea cafe for many years, and discovered each other's secret dream soon after September 11, 2001. Downtown residents both, they were shell-shocked from that day (which happens to be Moby's birthday) and thought such a cafe might bring comfort to those in their neighborhood. And they thought there was a niche to be filled; they felt as if all the teahouses in New York City had either an English or an Asian twist to them. \"You just don't really have any plain old American teahouses,\" says Tisdale. \"We don't treat it like some sacred ceremony, and we don't charge $9 for a tiny pot that you're supposed to chant over before you drink. It's very unintimidating.\"<\/p>\n But she soon realized they'd made their first mistake. They opened the cafe with 93 steaming hot teas on the menu at the beginning of a steaming hot summer in the city. \"It was really stupid of us,\" says Tisdale, who opened the cafe while Moby was on tour. \"We didn't even think of iced drinks.\"<\/p>\n Tisdale quickly whipped up a few iced tea flavors for parched customers, but it wasn't until Moby returned from tour a few months later that the seeds of a larger idea were planted. Moby had remembered trying a tea juice drink at a Los Angeles restaurant and began mixing some of Teany's teas with juices and spices. \"No one's going to want that,\" Tisdale told Moby at the time. But she humored him. And Moby turned out, perhaps not surprisingly, to be a mix master, fusing flavors like pomegranate juice and white tea as if they were backbeats and blues samples. After dozens of duds, they came up with a handful of flavors they liked. More importantly, the flavors proved to be big hits with customers. And Moby began to see a bigger picture emerging.<\/p> He sensed that the bottled tea drinks on the market were either too sweet (Snapple) or too purist (Honest Tea); there was nothing that was slightly sweet, healthy, and fun. Before long, the cafe wasn't just a cafe anymore. \"The restaurant exists as a restaurant but also as a brand-development laboratory,\" Moby says. He and Tisdale tried out creations like the Antioxidant cooler and the Vanilla Berry Hibiscus cooler on customers while hatching plans for an ambitious bottled tea line, as well as future projects like bagged teas, loose leaf teas, and even a cookbook (due out in April). \"If you just open a restaurant, it's going to be frustrating,\" he says, citing the low margins on food. \"But if you see it as a way of developing the brand and developing product as well, I think it makes it more viable, more interesting, more exciting, and with less pressure on the restaurant.\"<\/p>\n Even when developing the name and logo, Moby looked for something that could lend itself to other products. He wanted a unique name and a simple, clean logo that would stand out regardless of the product. \"If you're going to start a business,\" he says, \"don't box yourself in as far as your development potential.\"<\/p> And for the musician in him, there was a huge upside to the food and beverage segment. \"With what's happening to the music business and film business with downloading,\" he says, \"one of my goals is to start businesses that make things that can't be downloaded. And basically, you can't download a bottle of tea -- at least not yet.\"<\/p>\n And so in June of this year, Moby, along with consultant Barney Stacher, who also helped launch the cultish Dirty Girl brand of soaps, introduced Teany Bottled Tea in the New York metropolitan area. It's already in 200 stores, and has just expanded to Paris, where it's now carried in the department store Galleries Lafayette. There are discussions with Whole Foods, which carries Teany tea in its Manhattan stores, to carry the product nationally. One especially effective strategy was mixing the teas with alcohol -- birthing the Teany Bellini and the MarTeany, to name two -- at trendy New York parties, opening up whole new marketing channels.<\/p>\n Dane Neller, CEO and president of Dean & Deluca, a high-end specialty food retailer that's primarily in the Northeast, says the bottled tea line has been received \"incredibly well.\" He attributes the success to the product's quality and to the eye-catching label that Moby created. He also says it's a savvy move on Moby's part not to push his involvement with it. \"You want to sell the product, not the hype,\" he says. His only concern is that the company may try to grow too quickly.<\/p>\n It's a concern Moby shares. He says he's not inclined to sell the brand off to a large company like Coke or Pepsi, or even to partner with big-money investors who would expect fast results. \"It seems like doing it ourselves, and financing it myself, we can keep it very small,\" he says. \"And I don't know, this might be the dumbest thing in the world, but I just thought in launching, in developing the brand, I want to understand it before it expands. I want to be able to walk into almost every store that sells Teany and make sure it's being positioned well and also see how people respond to it. You want to start small because it seems like, ironically, starting small hopefully gives you the best chance of survival because then your mistakes are small mistakes.\"<\/p>\n And launching in the summer wasn't the only one. The first nine months, the cafe lost money hand over fist. \"We had a really complicated menu at first,\" says Tisdale, who had worked in several restaurants before but never as a manager. They were using expensive ingredients, some of which spoiled very quickly. \"We were basically paying people a dollar to eat our sandwiches. I had a cook who was very smart, and she told me, 'You're never going to make money like this. You don't need me here five days a week, you only need me here two. Simplify your menu and you'll be fine.\"<\/p> They broke even in year two. And Moby, who was barely visible in the opening months, now treats it as a second home. He lives six blocks away and eats there every day, sometimes twice a day. But there are no signs -- except for his frequent presence -- that he is affiliated with the cafe. They don't play his music, and there are no pictures of him (in part because Moby, while popular, is a polarizing artist, especially given his strong anti-Bush viewpoint). Many of the patrons don't recognize him, though some occasionally approach him for an autograph, and he happily indulges them. He is, however, very aware of his customers.<\/p> Tisdale says Moby is flat-out obsessed with customer service. \"He'll be in the middle of a lunch meeting with four people,\" she says. \"But if our staff doesn't greet customers who walk in within the first five seconds, Moby is up, running to get them menus and greeting them. I'd bet if someone walked in here and said, 'I really, really, really want to eat for free,' and if Moby was standing there he'd probably say to me, 'Well, it's just this once. Think of the markup on these things, you can just do one, can't you?' I'm almost sure of it.\" He regularly jumps up and clears his own table if a customer walks in and there are no tables available. He shovels snow from the front sidewalk. He adjusts the awnings so the glare of the sun doesn't hit diners in their eyes. \"I don't think he expected that he was going to like Teany so much,\" says Tisdale. \"But he adores it. He's so proud of it.\"<\/p>\n Moby says that one of his favorite days this year was the day the Teany bottles started rolling off the assembly line. \"Most people's best day would be on the beach at St. Bart's or driving a motorcycle above St. Tropez,\" says Moby. \"Me, it was being in Union, N.J., at the bottling plant. You feel like a queen bee giving birth to a few hundred thousand babies. You see the bottles come off and you're like, 'Wow, it exists now.' And I guess that's what's most exciting about starting this or making music -- creating something that didn't exist beforehand.\"<\/p>\n But despite the huge time commitment to his new album, coming out in March, he says he finds his mind drifting back to Teany, perhaps more than it should. \"It's fun, but it gets very stressful,\" he says. \"I find myself losing sleep because there's a health food store on University Place that isn't carrying Teany. I need to learn to take a step back.\"<\/p>\n Still, his plans for the company are anything but teeny. He'd love to franchise, a la Starbucks (which happens to be named for the character Starbuck in Moby Dick<\/em>, a favorite book of Starbucks' founders). \"I have this theory,\" Moby says, \"and I'll probably end up being wrong, but I really think that in the next 25 years, tea will not replace coffee, but green tea consumption is going to go through the roof. Green tea is, pound for pound, one of the healthiest foodstuffs on the planet. And it's a good vehicle for delivering caffeine, tastes nice, and has an incredible diversity of flavors.\" He says he doesn't know enough about franchising yet, but he does know it's a real estate game, and that profit margins on franchising aren't particularly meaty.<\/p>\n Meanwhile, Moby's next start-ups are Little Idiot Collective (Little Idiot is the name of a character he draws compulsively), a maker of apparel and merchandise, and Blab Co., a group of illustrators -- including himself -- that he's helping organize in the hopes of licensing their work not only for publications and companies but also for Little Idiot's products. \"For some reason, I have this almost pathological need to throw myself into things that I know nothing about,\" he says. \"It's so exciting. A year ago, I knew nothing about the bottled beverage business.\"<\/p>\n But his COO, David Ronick, who oversees all the entities under the umbrella of Moby Entertainment, says Moby's a quick study and actually has some natural advantages. \"In the traditional sense of marketing you think about who's our customer, what are their needs and wants, and how do we create a product or service that meets those needs and wants in a way that we can scale off of,\" he says. \"But Moby kind of flips those things on their head, in that he looks at things as 'What would my friends want? What should people want that maybe they don't know about yet?' I think he needs to be ahead of the curve.\"<\/p>\n That, of course, is Moby's specialty.<\/p>\n This is Elyssa Lee's and Rob Turner's first story for Inc.<\/p>","adinfo":{"c_type":"article","showlogo":true,"cms":"inc20434","video":"no","aut":["elyssa-lee","rob-turner"],"channelArray":{"topid":"8","topfilelocation":"business__plans","primary":["startup"],"primaryFilelocation":["startup"],"primaryname":["Startup"],"sub":["bizplan"],"subFilelocation":["business-plans"],"subname":["Business Plans"]},"adzone":"\/4160\/mv.inc\/startup\/bizplan\/bizplan"},"commentcount":0},{"inc_headline":"Inside the Psychology of Productivity","inc_homepage_headline":"Inside the Psychology of Productivity","inc_homepage_headline_ab_test":null,"inc_sharing_headline":null,"inc_twitter_headline":"Inside the psychology of productivity @LeighEBuchanan","inc_title":"Inside the Psychology of Productivity","inc_custom_byline":null,"inc_deck":"Burned out? Can't get it all done? The problem might be in your head.","inc_homepage_deck":"Burned out? Can't get it all done? The problem might be in your head.","inc_sharing_deck":null,"inc_clean_text":" You wake up with it in the morning and go to bed thinking about it at night: an ever-crushing load of emails, meetings, conference calls, and tasks that needed to get done yesterday. Family time means reading sales reports in the room where your kids are playing video games. For entrepreneurs, there's soooo<\/em> much to get done--85 percent of fast-growth-company CEOs work 10 or more hours a day, according to a recent survey of the Inc. 500. Under such circumstances, personal productivity<\/a> isn't just a metric. It's also a mandate.<\/p>\r\n Recently, a glut of tools and systems has emerged to help you measure, manage, and maximize what you accomplish. But not all impediments to productivity result from poor organization. Many are psychological. Behavioral economics reveals the wacky ways people think about financial costs and rewards. Similarly, psychologists, business researchers, and even philosophers are illuminating people's idiosyncratic approaches to getting stuff done.<\/p>\r\n Productivity, or at least how productive you consider yourself, is surprisingly subjective. As a leader, your most important work--mulling strategy, blue-skying for innovation, imagining the future--may not feel all that productive because it is open-ended and the outcome is uncertain. At the same time, more (subjectively) unimportant work, like clearing out your inbox, can leave you quite satisfied.<\/p>\r\n Often, there's an irrational component to whether you think you've gotten much done. \"If I have 10 things I want to finish in a day and I finish five, I get frustrated because I am not productive,\" says Gregory J. Redington, president of Redcom, an engineering and construction company in Westfield, New Jersey. \"If I have five tasks and I finish all of them, I feel productive, even if it's the exact same five. My instinct as an entrepreneur is to plan to do all these things. But I want to believe I've won at the end of the day, so I try to put fewer things down.\"<\/p>\r\n Clayton Mobley, co-founder and CEO of Spartan Value Investors, a real-estate investment business in Birmingham, Alabama, admits that the state of his desk has a lot to do with whether he thinks he has accomplished enough on a given day. \"There are two piles on the sides of my desk,\" he says. \"If one of those piles is gone by the end of the day, I feel productive. Even if I just put it in a drawer.\"<\/p>\r\n No matter how you try to trick yourself into feeling more productive, there are just 24 hours in a day, and you almost certainly are not making the most of them. Here's what you can do about that.<\/p>\r\n\r\n Procrastination is a particular problem for entrepreneurs, who often must tackle work in which they have no experience and no familiar starting point. And of course, when you are responsible for everything, there's always something else you could be doing. Many consider procrastination a moral failing, a weakness of will. But Timothy Pychyl, a professor of psychology at Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario, calls procrastination an \"emotion-centered coping strategy.\" He suggests that if you understand what's motivating (or--more accurately--demotivating) you, you can begin to address it. \"Many of these emotions are not conscious,\" says Pychyl. \"So the first step is to have some awareness of how you are feeling. 'Why do I keep not wanting to do this?' \"<\/p>\r\n The reasons people shrink from particular tasks typically vary with the stage of a project, Pychyl explains. In the inception and planning stages, you procrastinate because you don't find the work interesting or meaningful. In the action stage, you procrastinate because the project isn't well structured, which creates uncertainty about how to proceed. Fear of making a poor decision can also be immobilizing. \"With uncertainty comes fearfulness,\" says Pychyl. \"You have to acknowledge that fear.\"<\/p>\r\n Another culprit is perfectionism: People envision outcomes so outstanding that their expectations become more intimidating than inspirational. \"It's like you're practicing the high jump, and when you set the bar too high, you look at it, and you walk away,\" says John Perry, an emeritus professor of philosophy at Stanford. \"Perfectionists aren't people who do something perfectly. Perfectionists are people who fantasize about doing something perfectly.\"<\/p>\r\n At its core, procrastination represents shoddy treatment of the one person who should matter most to you: the future you. Hal Hershfield, a marketing professor at UCLA's Anderson School of Management, used MRIs to demonstrate that people view their future selves much as they view a stranger. (This is why we smoke, fail to save, and order the red velvet cheesecake at the Cheesecake Factory.) Resolving not to do some odious task today makes procrastinators feel good, says Pychyl. Then they predict they'll feel just as good tomorrow, which will make the task easier. Of course, the next day they feel worse, which makes the task harder and the stress greater. Homer Simpson summed it up neatly: \"That's a problem for future Homer. Man, I don't envy that guy.\"<\/p>\r\n That same disregard for their future selves often leads people to cram their calendars with appointments. This allows them to take the neurochemical hit of pleasure that comes from scheduling something today--and to suffer the consequences of five back-to-back meetings next month.<\/p>\r\n Counterintuitively, even work can be a form of procrastination. Scientists in the Netherlands coined the phrase bedtime procrastination to describe the tendency to keep doing things, including work, long after you intended to go to sleep. Entrepreneurs may succumb to this sort of procrastination when it comes to reading to the kids or taking vacations--activities you know are good for you but that, on some subconscious level, seem self-indulgent when compared with work. Here too the present self cheats the future self, as insufficient sleep and leisure affects performance.<\/p>\r\n Despite its bad rep, procrastination has its apologists. Two years ago, Stanford's Perry published The Art of Procrastination: A Guide to Effective Dawdling, Lollygagging and Postponing, which posits that procrastination--like cholesterol--is not all bad. He coined the phrase structured procrastination to describe the act of doing things that--while not top priorities--still have value. \"I think that's a pattern of work a lot of very creative people have,\" says Perry. \"If you went through history and eliminated all the plays that have been written and inventions that have been created by people who were supposed to be doing something else, you might not have much left of your civilization.\"<\/p>\r\n To-do lists<\/a> are daily reminders that you're not cutting it. Just half of all to-do-list items are completed within a day, and 41 percent are never completed at all, according to data compiled by one productivity-tracking company. That's a problem, because energized, motivated people are more productive than depressed ones. And what is more demotivating than seeing uncompleted tasks hanging on and on and on like outdated inventory?<\/p>\r\n To-do lists are problematic for other reasons. For one, they can be mentally gamed. When it comes to the pleasure of getting things done, people are like rats repeatedly pressing a bar because it stimulates their reward centers. Many people who have finished tasks not already on their to-do lists will add those tasks retroactively for the satisfaction of crossing them off. They may even slot previously unscheduled events--after they've happened--into their calendars. There's also a temptation to mentally redefine everything you do as valuable and credit yourself accordingly. Stanford's Perry describes his own to-do list: \"It says: Wake up. That's worth a check. Get out of bed. That's worth a check. Make the coffee. That's a check. Drink the coffee. That's a check. By the time I've had my coffee I've done four things and I feel like a real effective human being.\"<\/p>\r\n\r\n More practically, the rigid, reductive format of to-do lists is not optimal for the kinds of work done by leaders, says Teresa Amabile, a professor and director of research at Harvard Business School. \"The really important things that don't generally have a specific deadline may be what you should be spending most of your time on,\" she says. \"I think many of us who have a strong work ethic feel like we are indulging ourselves when we do that more exploratory work, that deep-level learning that may not have an immediate application but, in the grand scheme of things, may be more important than anything else.\"<\/p>\r\n In her book The Progress Principle, Amabile emphasizes progress (moving forward with one's work) over productivity (getting things done well and efficiently, irrespective of their importance). A sense of making meaningful progress, she found, has much greater positive impact on engagement and motivation. Her latest research--not yet complete--suggests that the simple act of looking back on progress also positively affects your sense of accomplishment and how competent and effective you feel at work. For the new study, Amabile signed up people to work for two weeks. Some kept diaries in which they recorded at least three sentences a day about how much they had done. Those subjects who were able to review their entries were more satisfied with the progress they had made and in their own abilities.<\/p>\r\n The positive feelings derived from reflecting on accomplishments, in turn, improve productivity. Francesca Gino, also an HBS professor, asked some employees at an Indian company to spend 15 minutes at the end of each day writing about what had gone well. The group that took time to reflect had a performance level 23 percent higher than that of employees who spent those last 15 minutes simply working. If reviewing incomplete to-do lists brings us down, it appears compiling have-done lists bestows a sense of satisfaction and enhances performance.<\/p>\r\n The power of reflection is the premise behind iDoneThis, a startup that inspires people to accomplish more every day by providing a mechanism to report what they have done. (Zappos, Uber, Reddit, and other companies have used the product, chiefly to improve the performance of teams.) \"If you are working on one thing all day, it is very easy to remember what you did and give yourself credit for it,\" says CEO and co-founder Walter Chen. \"But if you did 20 things and one is have a conversation with your kid and one is put out a fire, it's often hard to remember those things.\" Pausing to reflect is an opportunity to remember those accomplishments and to recognize their value. \"Giving yourself credit helps you feel productive,\" says Chen, affirming, \"That actually makes you more productive.\"<\/p>\r\n Bottom line: To-do lists are useful for organizing and prioritizing work. But you should also maintain a \"have done\" list--or at least reflect on your accomplishments for a few minutes at the end of each day--to keep yourself motivated.<\/p>\r\n Ownership is a management buzzword that, sadly, is rarely applied to people's time. Workplace culture often requires that you sacrifice time for others, whether that means acting as a mentor or maintaining an open-door policy. The benefit to others' productivity often comes at a cost to your own.<\/p>\r\n Most people have just two really productive hours a day, says Dan Ariely, a professor of psychology and behavioral economics at Duke and co-founder of Timeful, a time management app. (See \"Four Great Productivity Apps,\" page 45.) Those two hours might be sufficient if they belonged entirely to you. But even the boss can't schedule every meeting so that it falls outside his or her optimal nose-to-grindstone stretch. And in flatter organizations, more people have roughly the same claims on the company's collective time resource. \"The biggest change in the calendar from paper days to computer days is that, because we now have shared calendars, people can kidnap our time,\" says Ariely. \"It's really kind of a shocking idea.\"<\/p>\r\n Still, most people would rather work alongside others than not, because humans are social creatures. When others ask for your time, saying yes feels good and is easy. Saying no feels bad and is hard. \"All of us want to be nice, and all of us want to be team players,\" says Kory Kogon, global productivity practice leader at Franklin Covey and co-author of The 5 Choices: The Path to Extraordinary Productivity. At one typical company that Kogon advised, \"the COO said to me, 'We are a nice organization, so nobody knows how to say no,' \" she recalls. \"Of course he does say no. But he doesn't feel like he is saying no enough.\"<\/p>\r\n Greg McKeown, author of Essentialism: The Disciplined Pursuit of Less, recommends extreme selectivity as a check on your desire to always be accommodating. McKeown likes to ask people to imagine they have no to-do list, no inbox, no schedule of appointments. \"If you didn't have any of that, and you could do one thing right now that would help get you to the next level of contribution, what would you do?\" he asks. \"Maybe all the stuff you're doing should be questioned. Start from zero every day. What would be essential?\" People require space and clarity to identify what matters, McKeown explains, and what matters should dictate what you say yes to. \"You can say, 'I would love to do that, but I am already doing this,' \" he says. \"And that is completely true and understandable, because you are.\"<\/p>\r\n On the face of it, McKeown's advice seems at odds with that of Adam Grant, the Wharton professor whose best-selling book Give and Take has made generosity a hot topic in corporate corridors. Grant argues that helping others with no expectation of return can increase energy<\/a> and well-being and, consequently, productivity. But, like McKeown, Grant advocates selectivity: saying yes only in instances when distraction is minimal and the benefit to others outweighs the cost to self. McKeown calls this practice disciplined generosity.<\/p>\r\n Bottom line: Although it feels good to say yes, be disciplined about the time you give to others. Employees and partners need your help, but mostly they need you to concentrate on what matters.<\/p>\r\n Every businessperson knows that you have to distinguish, in the words of Dwight Eisenhower, between the \"important\" and the \"urgent.\" But demands on your time don't come with labels indicating their level of priority. The important, the urgent, and the trivial rush past in a blur. When Franklin Covey recently surveyed 350,000 people worldwide, respondents confessed to spending 40 percent of their time on things that are unimportant or downright irrelevant. But many don't know exactly how they are wasting their time, says Franklin Covey's Kogon.<\/p>\r\n Perhaps it's not surprising people are so confused. McKeown observes that when the word priority entered the English language in the 1400s, there was no plural form. Today, you moan about being distracted by everything you could be doing. But there are also more things you arguably should be doing, such as developing your talent pipeline or studying the competition. Those things cry out to you, like voracious baby birds. Your mind is not quiet. The noise hurts.<\/p>\r\n Mindfulness--which sounds new age-y but doesn't have to be--is increasingly held up as a way to improve both performance and decision making. Scott Eblin, author of Overworked and Overwhelmed: The Mindfulness Alternative, defines mindfulness as awareness plus intention. \"If you are aware of what you are thinking and feeling and what is going on around you, then you can manage the gap between that and your actions,\" he says. Mindful people don't ignore noise and distractions--that's impossible. But they exert discipline to control what Buddhists call their restless and unsettled \"monkey minds.\" \"You have to be aware of all the mental chatter,\" says Eblin. \"That's the first step toward quieting it.\"<\/p>\r\n Mindfulness is particularly effective at thwarting that bane of productivity, the fallacy of sunk costs. The more time, thought, and energy you expend going down a road, the harder it is to change course when the destination looks dicey. New research from Insead and the Wharton School shows that subjects who meditated were much more likely to abandon a lost-cause project than those who did not. Cutting bait fast is critical, because lost causes waste time and, Eblin says, \"because regret kills productivity.\" He recommends avoiding regret by having individuals and teams subject their failures to after-action reviews, like those conducted by the military. \"That way it becomes, what did I learn from this?\" says Eblin. \"You reframe it as retraining. And retraining, of course, is productive.\"<\/p>\r\n Another advantage of mindfulness is that it concentrates attention on the qualitative, rather than quantitative, aspects of work--why am I doing this? instead of how much of this am I doing? \"To me, productivity is the wrong focus,\" says Wharton's Grant. What you want is to be maximizing quality or usefulness. \"I think a lot of people accept the goal of being productive,\" says Grant. \"And that's counterproductive.\"<\/p>","inc_pubdate":"2015-02-18 05:45:33","inc_promo_date":"2015-02-18 05:45:35","inc_custom_pubdate":null,"inc_show_feature_imageflag":true,"inc_image_caption_override":null,"inc_autid":3963,"inc_typid":1,"inc_staid":7,"inc_serid":null,"inc_prtid":null,"inc_activeflag":true,"inc_copyeditedflag":false,"inc_filelocation":"magazine\/201503\/leigh-buchanan\/the-psychology-of-productivity.html","inc_hide_commentsflag":false,"inc_hide_article_sidebarflag":false,"id":70215,"channels":[{"id":280,"cnl_name":"Productivity","cnl_filelocation":"productivity","cnl_custom_color":null,"cnl_calculated_color":"FB433A","sortorder":0}],"authors":[{"aut_name":"Leigh Buchanan","aut_last_name_for_sort":null,"aut_title":null,"aut_column_name":null,"aut_imgid":"22421","aut_blurb":"Leigh Buchanan is an editor-at-large for Inc.<\/em> magazine. A former editor at Harvard Business Review<\/em> and founding editor of Webmaster Magazine, she writes regular columns on leadership and workplace culture.","aut_footer_blurb":"Leigh Buchanan is an editor-at-large for Inc.<\/em> magazine. A former editor at Harvard Business Review<\/em> and founding editor of Webmaster Magazine, she writes regular columns on leadership and workplace culture.","aut_twitter_id":"LeighEBuchanan","aut_googleplus_id":null,"aut_entid":null,"aut_usrid":"134956","aut_admin_username":null,"aut_base_filelocation":"leigh-buchanan","aut_atyid":null,"aut_monthly_commitment":null,"aut_compensated_authorflag":null,"time_created":null,"time_updated":null,"id":"13","sortorder":1,"tbl":"author","fields":null,"application_path":"\/public_web_sites\/www.inc.com\/reflex\/","core_application_url":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/","featureimage":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/170x170\/leigh-buchanan_22421.jpg","f2image":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/100x100\/leigh-buchanan_22421.jpg","f3image":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/50x50\/leigh-buchanan_22421.jpg","f0image":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/336x336\/leigh-buchanan_22421.jpg","display_footer_blurb":"LEIGH BUCHANAN<\/a><\/span> is an editor-at-large for Inc.<\/em> magazine. A former editor at Harvard Business Review<\/em> and founding editor of Webmaster Magazine, she writes regular columns on leadership and workplace culture. You wake up with it in the morning and go to bed thinking about it at night: an ever-crushing load of emails, meetings, conference calls, and tasks that needed to get done yesterday. Family time means reading sales reports in the room where your kids are playing video games. For entrepreneurs, there's soooo<\/em> much to get done--85 percent of fast-growth-company CEOs work 10 or more hours a day, according to a recent survey of the Inc. 500. Under such circumstances, personal productivity<\/a> isn't just a metric. It's also a mandate.<\/p>\r\n Recently, a glut of tools and systems has emerged to help you measure, manage, and maximize what you accomplish. But not all impediments to productivity result from poor organization. Many are psychological. Behavioral economics reveals the wacky ways people think about financial costs and rewards. Similarly, psychologists, business researchers, and even philosophers are illuminating people's idiosyncratic approaches to getting stuff done.<\/p>\r\n Productivity, or at least how productive you consider yourself, is surprisingly subjective. As a leader, your most important work--mulling strategy, blue-skying for innovation, imagining the future--may not feel all that productive because it is open-ended and the outcome is uncertain. At the same time, more (subjectively) unimportant work, like clearing out your inbox, can leave you quite satisfied.<\/p>\r\n Often, there's an irrational component to whether you think you've gotten much done. \"If I have 10 things I want to finish in a day and I finish five, I get frustrated because I am not productive,\" says Gregory J. Redington, president of Redcom, an engineering and construction company in Westfield, New Jersey. \"If I have five tasks and I finish all of them, I feel productive, even if it's the exact same five. My instinct as an entrepreneur is to plan to do all these things. But I want to believe I've won at the end of the day, so I try to put fewer things down.\"<\/p>\r\n Clayton Mobley, co-founder and CEO of Spartan Value Investors, a real-estate investment business in Birmingham, Alabama, admits that the state of his desk has a lot to do with whether he thinks he has accomplished enough on a given day. \"There are two piles on the sides of my desk,\" he says. \"If one of those piles is gone by the end of the day, I feel productive. Even if I just put it in a drawer.\"<\/p>\r\n No matter how you try to trick yourself into feeling more productive, there are just 24 hours in a day, and you almost certainly are not making the most of them. Here's what you can do about that.<\/p>\r\n Procrastination is a particular problem for entrepreneurs, who often must tackle work in which they have no experience and no familiar starting point. And of course, when you are responsible for everything, there's always something else you could be doing. Many consider procrastination a moral failing, a weakness of will. But Timothy Pychyl, a professor of psychology at Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario, calls procrastination an \"emotion-centered coping strategy.\" He suggests that if you understand what's motivating (or--more accurately--demotivating) you, you can begin to address it. \"Many of these emotions are not conscious,\" says Pychyl. \"So the first step is to have some awareness of how you are feeling. 'Why do I keep not wanting to do this?' \"<\/p>\r\n The reasons people shrink from particular tasks typically vary with the stage of a project, Pychyl explains. In the inception and planning stages, you procrastinate because you don't find the work interesting or meaningful. In the action stage, you procrastinate because the project isn't well structured, which creates uncertainty about how to proceed. Fear of making a poor decision can also be immobilizing. \"With uncertainty comes fearfulness,\" says Pychyl. \"You have to acknowledge that fear.\"<\/p>\r\n Another culprit is perfectionism: People envision outcomes so outstanding that their expectations become more intimidating than inspirational. \"It's like you're practicing the high jump, and when you set the bar too high, you look at it, and you walk away,\" says John Perry, an emeritus professor of philosophy at Stanford. \"Perfectionists aren't people who do something perfectly. Perfectionists are people who fantasize about doing something perfectly.\"<\/p>\r\n At its core, procrastination represents shoddy treatment of the one person who should matter most to you: the future you. Hal Hershfield, a marketing professor at UCLA's Anderson School of Management, used MRIs to demonstrate that people view their future selves much as they view a stranger. (This is why we smoke, fail to save, and order the red velvet cheesecake at the Cheesecake Factory.) Resolving not to do some odious task today makes procrastinators feel good, says Pychyl. Then they predict they'll feel just as good tomorrow, which will make the task easier. Of course, the next day they feel worse, which makes the task harder and the stress greater. Homer Simpson summed it up neatly: \"That's a problem for future Homer. Man, I don't envy that guy.\"<\/p>\r\n That same disregard for their future selves often leads people to cram their calendars with appointments. This allows them to take the neurochemical hit of pleasure that comes from scheduling something today--and to suffer the consequences of five back-to-back meetings next month.<\/p>\r\n Counterintuitively, even work can be a form of procrastination. Scientists in the Netherlands coined the phrase bedtime procrastination to describe the tendency to keep doing things, including work, long after you intended to go to sleep. Entrepreneurs may succumb to this sort of procrastination when it comes to reading to the kids or taking vacations--activities you know are good for you but that, on some subconscious level, seem self-indulgent when compared with work. Here too the present self cheats the future self, as insufficient sleep and leisure affects performance.<\/p>\r\n Despite its bad rep, procrastination has its apologists. Two years ago, Stanford's Perry published The Art of Procrastination: A Guide to Effective Dawdling, Lollygagging and Postponing, which posits that procrastination--like cholesterol--is not all bad. He coined the phrase structured procrastination to describe the act of doing things that--while not top priorities--still have value. \"I think that's a pattern of work a lot of very creative people have,\" says Perry. \"If you went through history and eliminated all the plays that have been written and inventions that have been created by people who were supposed to be doing something else, you might not have much left of your civilization.\"<\/p>\r\n To-do lists<\/a> are daily reminders that you're not cutting it. Just half of all to-do-list items are completed within a day, and 41 percent are never completed at all, according to data compiled by one productivity-tracking company. That's a problem, because energized, motivated people are more productive than depressed ones. And what is more demotivating than seeing uncompleted tasks hanging on and on and on like outdated inventory?<\/p>\r\n To-do lists are problematic for other reasons. For one, they can be mentally gamed. When it comes to the pleasure of getting things done, people are like rats repeatedly pressing a bar because it stimulates their reward centers. Many people who have finished tasks not already on their to-do lists will add those tasks retroactively for the satisfaction of crossing them off. They may even slot previously unscheduled events--after they've happened--into their calendars. There's also a temptation to mentally redefine everything you do as valuable and credit yourself accordingly. Stanford's Perry describes his own to-do list: \"It says: Wake up. That's worth a check. Get out of bed. That's worth a check. Make the coffee. That's a check. Drink the coffee. That's a check. By the time I've had my coffee I've done four things and I feel like a real effective human being.\"<\/p>\r\n More practically, the rigid, reductive format of to-do lists is not optimal for the kinds of work done by leaders, says Teresa Amabile, a professor and director of research at Harvard Business School. \"The really important things that don't generally have a specific deadline may be what you should be spending most of your time on,\" she says. \"I think many of us who have a strong work ethic feel like we are indulging ourselves when we do that more exploratory work, that deep-level learning that may not have an immediate application but, in the grand scheme of things, may be more important than anything else.\"<\/p>\r\n In her book The Progress Principle, Amabile emphasizes progress (moving forward with one's work) over productivity (getting things done well and efficiently, irrespective of their importance). A sense of making meaningful progress, she found, has much greater positive impact on engagement and motivation. Her latest research--not yet complete--suggests that the simple act of looking back on progress also positively affects your sense of accomplishment and how competent and effective you feel at work. For the new study, Amabile signed up people to work for two weeks. Some kept diaries in which they recorded at least three sentences a day about how much they had done. Those subjects who were able to review their entries were more satisfied with the progress they had made and in their own abilities.<\/p>\r\n The positive feelings derived from reflecting on accomplishments, in turn, improve productivity. Francesca Gino, also an HBS professor, asked some employees at an Indian company to spend 15 minutes at the end of each day writing about what had gone well. The group that took time to reflect had a performance level 23 percent higher than that of employees who spent those last 15 minutes simply working. If reviewing incomplete to-do lists brings us down, it appears compiling have-done lists bestows a sense of satisfaction and enhances performance.<\/p>\r\n The power of reflection is the premise behind iDoneThis, a startup that inspires people to accomplish more every day by providing a mechanism to report what they have done. (Zappos, Uber, Reddit, and other companies have used the product, chiefly to improve the performance of teams.) \"If you are working on one thing all day, it is very easy to remember what you did and give yourself credit for it,\" says CEO and co-founder Walter Chen. \"But if you did 20 things and one is have a conversation with your kid and one is put out a fire, it's often hard to remember those things.\" Pausing to reflect is an opportunity to remember those accomplishments and to recognize their value. \"Giving yourself credit helps you feel productive,\" says Chen, affirming, \"That actually makes you more productive.\"<\/p>\r\n Bottom line: To-do lists are useful for organizing and prioritizing work. But you should also maintain a \"have done\" list--or at least reflect on your accomplishments for a few minutes at the end of each day--to keep yourself motivated.<\/p>\r\n Ownership is a management buzzword that, sadly, is rarely applied to people's time. Workplace culture often requires that you sacrifice time for others, whether that means acting as a mentor or maintaining an open-door policy. The benefit to others' productivity often comes at a cost to your own.<\/p>\r\n Most people have just two really productive hours a day, says Dan Ariely, a professor of psychology and behavioral economics at Duke and co-founder of Timeful, a time management app. (See \"Four Great Productivity Apps,\" page 45.) Those two hours might be sufficient if they belonged entirely to you. But even the boss can't schedule every meeting so that it falls outside his or her optimal nose-to-grindstone stretch. And in flatter organizations, more people have roughly the same claims on the company's collective time resource. \"The biggest change in the calendar from paper days to computer days is that, because we now have shared calendars, people can kidnap our time,\" says Ariely. \"It's really kind of a shocking idea.\"<\/p>\r\n Still, most people would rather work alongside others than not, because humans are social creatures. When others ask for your time, saying yes feels good and is easy. Saying no feels bad and is hard. \"All of us want to be nice, and all of us want to be team players,\" says Kory Kogon, global productivity practice leader at Franklin Covey and co-author of The 5 Choices: The Path to Extraordinary Productivity. At one typical company that Kogon advised, \"the COO said to me, 'We are a nice organization, so nobody knows how to say no,' \" she recalls. \"Of course he does say no. But he doesn't feel like he is saying no enough.\"<\/p>\r\n Greg McKeown, author of Essentialism: The Disciplined Pursuit of Less, recommends extreme selectivity as a check on your desire to always be accommodating. McKeown likes to ask people to imagine they have no to-do list, no inbox, no schedule of appointments. \"If you didn't have any of that, and you could do one thing right now that would help get you to the next level of contribution, what would you do?\" he asks. \"Maybe all the stuff you're doing should be questioned. Start from zero every day. What would be essential?\" People require space and clarity to identify what matters, McKeown explains, and what matters should dictate what you say yes to. \"You can say, 'I would love to do that, but I am already doing this,' \" he says. \"And that is completely true and understandable, because you are.\"<\/p>\r\n On the face of it, McKeown's advice seems at odds with that of Adam Grant, the Wharton professor whose best-selling book Give and Take has made generosity a hot topic in corporate corridors. Grant argues that helping others with no expectation of return can increase energy<\/a> and well-being and, consequently, productivity. But, like McKeown, Grant advocates selectivity: saying yes only in instances when distraction is minimal and the benefit to others outweighs the cost to self. McKeown calls this practice disciplined generosity.<\/p>\r\n Bottom line: Although it feels good to say yes, be disciplined about the time you give to others. Employees and partners need your help, but mostly they need you to concentrate on what matters.<\/p>\r\n Every businessperson knows that you have to distinguish, in the words of Dwight Eisenhower, between the \"important\" and the \"urgent.\" But demands on your time don't come with labels indicating their level of priority. The important, the urgent, and the trivial rush past in a blur. When Franklin Covey recently surveyed 350,000 people worldwide, respondents confessed to spending 40 percent of their time on things that are unimportant or downright irrelevant. But many don't know exactly how they are wasting their time, says Franklin Covey's Kogon.<\/p>\r\n Perhaps it's not surprising people are so confused. McKeown observes that when the word priority entered the English language in the 1400s, there was no plural form. Today, you moan about being distracted by everything you could be doing. But there are also more things you arguably should be doing, such as developing your talent pipeline or studying the competition. Those things cry out to you, like voracious baby birds. Your mind is not quiet. The noise hurts.<\/p>\r\n Mindfulness--which sounds new age-y but doesn't have to be--is increasingly held up as a way to improve both performance and decision making. Scott Eblin, author of Overworked and Overwhelmed: The Mindfulness Alternative, defines mindfulness as awareness plus intention. \"If you are aware of what you are thinking and feeling and what is going on around you, then you can manage the gap between that and your actions,\" he says. Mindful people don't ignore noise and distractions--that's impossible. But they exert discipline to control what Buddhists call their restless and unsettled \"monkey minds.\" \"You have to be aware of all the mental chatter,\" says Eblin. \"That's the first step toward quieting it.\"<\/p>\r\n Mindfulness is particularly effective at thwarting that bane of productivity, the fallacy of sunk costs. The more time, thought, and energy you expend going down a road, the harder it is to change course when the destination looks dicey. New research from Insead and the Wharton School shows that subjects who meditated were much more likely to abandon a lost-cause project than those who did not. Cutting bait fast is critical, because lost causes waste time and, Eblin says, \"because regret kills productivity.\" He recommends avoiding regret by having individuals and teams subject their failures to after-action reviews, like those conducted by the military. \"That way it becomes, what did I learn from this?\" says Eblin. \"You reframe it as retraining. And retraining, of course, is productive.\"<\/p>\r\n Another advantage of mindfulness is that it concentrates attention on the qualitative, rather than quantitative, aspects of work--why am I doing this? instead of how much of this am I doing? \"To me, productivity is the wrong focus,\" says Wharton's Grant. What you want is to be maximizing quality or usefulness. \"I think a lot of people accept the goal of being productive,\" says Grant. \"And that's counterproductive.\"<\/p>","adinfo":{"c_type":"formattedarticle","showlogo":true,"cms":"inc70215","video":"yes","aut":["leigh-buchanan"],"channelArray":{"topid":"280","topfilelocation":"productivity","primary":["lead"],"primaryFilelocation":["lead"],"primaryname":["Lead"],"sub":["productivity"],"subFilelocation":["productivity"],"subname":["Productivity"]},"adzone":"\/4160\/mv.inc\/lead\/productivity\/productivity"},"commentcount":1},{"inc_headline":"A Former FBI Agent Reveals the Secrets of Persuasion","inc_homepage_headline":"An FBI Agent Reveals the Secrets to Getting People to Do What You Want","inc_homepage_headline_ab_test":null,"inc_sharing_headline":"A Former FBI Agent Reveals the Secrets of Persuasion","inc_twitter_headline":"5 Secrets to persuasion from a former FBI agent @JackSchafer","inc_title":"A Former FBI Agent Reveals the Secrets of Persuasion","inc_custom_byline":null,"inc_deck":"If you think it's all about force, then think again.","inc_homepage_deck":"If you think it's all about force, then think again.","inc_sharing_deck":null,"inc_clean_text":" I spent 20 years as an FBI Special Agent trying to get people to confess their crimes. I learned over the years that suspects more readily confess to people they like, and, as with most people, suspects do not want to be told what to do or think. Persuasion is a powerful interviewing tool because suspects decide themselves, and are not coerced, to take a course of action.<\/p>\r\n Later I found that persuasion plays a critical role in personal relationships and business relationships. Whenever two or more people get together to complete a task, whether it be a social actively like picking a restaurant or being part of team, there is always the possibility of an argument<\/a> instead of agreement, which is where the power of persuasion comes in. With persuasion, there are no winners or losers. Persuasion is the art of getting others to do what you want them to do because they want to, not because they are forced to. And it can be tapped using these simple techniques.<\/p>\r\n Time is a powerful persuasion technique. The more time we spend with others, the more able we are to influence them. Time promotes trust. If parents want to influence their children, they should spend time with them. If workers want to influence their colleagues, they should spend time with them. If you want people who dislike you to like you, spend time with them. Eventually, they will like you--or at worst, they will dislike you less.<\/p>\r\n People tend to help people they like. Getting people to like you<\/a> instantly is as easy as displaying an eyebrow flash, a head tilt, and a smile. Restaurant wait staff tend to provide better service to customers they like. People who handle complaints tend to be more responsive to people they like. People are more likely to overlook mistakes, make exceptions to the rule, and go out of their way to accommodate people they like.<\/p>\r\n No one can read minds, but you can come close by observing a person's mouth. The lip purse is a slight puckering or rounding of the lips. Pursed lips mean the person you are talking to has formed a thought that is in opposition to what is being said or done. Knowing what a person thinks gives you an advantage. The trick is to change someone's mind before he has an opportunity to articulate any opposition. Once a person expresses an opinion or decision aloud, changing his mind becomes more difficult due to the psychological principle of consistency. People tend to remain consistent with what they say, but not with what they think. If you see pursed lips, you will know what someone is thinking and can use persuasion to change that person's minds before he says no.<\/p>\r\n When thanked, most people respond, \"You're welcome.\" But to make your response more powerful, add, \"I know you would do the same for me.\" This invokes the psychological principle of <\/em>reciprocity. When people are given something tangible, or even something intangible such as a compliment, they are psychologically predisposed to give something in return. Reciprocity increases the probability of compliance to future requests.<\/p>\r\n Introducing a sense of wonder in conversation or in the form of self-talk also increases the probability of compliance. People typically want<\/em> <\/em>to tell others about their expertise. Introducing a sense of wonder takes advantage of this tendency. If you need help with a task, seek out a person with that skill and, during the course of your conversation, simply muse, \"I'm working on this project and I'm having some difficulty. I was wondering if you may have run into the same problem.\" An expert in the field will have difficulty <\/em>not <\/em>volunteering his expertise, just to show his mastery. He may even offer his services to help you solve the problem. This creates the illusion that the expert is offering expertise and not being requested to provide advice or free services.<\/p>","inc_pubdate":"2015-02-19 15:15:54","inc_promo_date":"2015-02-19 15:15:57","inc_custom_pubdate":null,"inc_show_feature_imageflag":true,"inc_image_caption_override":null,"inc_autid":3963,"inc_typid":1,"inc_staid":7,"inc_serid":null,"inc_prtid":null,"inc_activeflag":true,"inc_copyeditedflag":true,"inc_filelocation":"jack-schafer\/5-ways-to-get-to-yes-using-persuasion.html","inc_hide_commentsflag":false,"inc_hide_article_sidebarflag":false,"id":70078,"channels":[{"id":136,"cnl_name":"Negotiating","cnl_filelocation":"negotiating","cnl_custom_color":null,"cnl_calculated_color":"F6861F","sortorder":0},{"id":40,"cnl_name":"Strategy","cnl_filelocation":"strategy","cnl_custom_color":null,"cnl_calculated_color":"F6861F","sortorder":1},{"id":4,"cnl_name":"Lead","cnl_filelocation":"lead","cnl_custom_color":"009CD8","cnl_calculated_color":"F7CE00","sortorder":2}],"authors":[{"aut_name":"Jack Schafer","aut_last_name_for_sort":null,"aut_title":null,"aut_column_name":null,"aut_imgid":"51057","aut_blurb":"Dr. Jack Schafer is a former Special Agent specializing in behavior analysis. In his new book The Like Switch<\/em><\/a>, he cracks the code on making great first impressions, building lasting relationships, and understanding others\u2019 behavior to learn what they really think about you. He has many more tips on persuasion and taking control of your communications, interactions, and relationships in The Like Switch<\/em>.","aut_footer_blurb":"Dr. Jack Schafer is a former Special Agent specializing in behavior analysis. He is the author ofThe Like Switch<\/em><\/a>, in which he cracks the code on making great first impressions, building lasting relationships, and understanding others\u2019 behavior.","aut_twitter_id":"jackschafer","aut_googleplus_id":null,"aut_entid":null,"aut_usrid":null,"aut_admin_username":null,"aut_base_filelocation":"jack-schafer","aut_atyid":null,"aut_monthly_commitment":null,"aut_compensated_authorflag":null,"time_created":null,"time_updated":null,"id":"4381","sortorder":1,"tbl":"author","fields":null,"application_path":"\/public_web_sites\/www.inc.com\/reflex\/","core_application_url":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/","featureimage":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/170x170\/JackSchafer_51057.png","f2image":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/100x100\/JackSchafer_51057.png","f3image":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/50x50\/JackSchafer_51057.png","f0image":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/336x336\/JackSchafer_51057.png","display_footer_blurb":"Dr. JACK SCHAFER<\/a><\/span> is a former Special Agent specializing in behavior analysis. He is the author ofThe Like Switch<\/em><\/a>, in which he cracks the code on making great first impressions, building lasting relationships, and understanding others\u2019 behavior. I spent 20 years as an FBI Special Agent trying to get people to confess their crimes. I learned over the years that suspects more readily confess to people they like, and, as with most people, suspects do not want to be told what to do or think. Persuasion is a powerful interviewing tool because suspects decide themselves, and are not coerced, to take a course of action.<\/p>\r\n Later I found that persuasion plays a critical role in personal relationships and business relationships. Whenever two or more people get together to complete a task, whether it be a social actively like picking a restaurant or being part of team, there is always the possibility of an argument<\/a> instead of agreement, which is where the power of persuasion comes in. With persuasion, there are no winners or losers. Persuasion is the art of getting others to do what you want them to do because they want to, not because they are forced to. And it can be tapped using these simple techniques.<\/p>\r\n Time is a powerful persuasion technique. The more time we spend with others, the more able we are to influence them. Time promotes trust. If parents want to influence their children, they should spend time with them. If workers want to influence their colleagues, they should spend time with them. If you want people who dislike you to like you, spend time with them. Eventually, they will like you--or at worst, they will dislike you less.<\/p>\r\n People tend to help people they like. Getting people to like you<\/a> instantly is as easy as displaying an eyebrow flash, a head tilt, and a smile. Restaurant wait staff tend to provide better service to customers they like. People who handle complaints tend to be more responsive to people they like. People are more likely to overlook mistakes, make exceptions to the rule, and go out of their way to accommodate people they like.<\/p>\r\n No one can read minds, but you can come close by observing a person's mouth. The lip purse is a slight puckering or rounding of the lips. Pursed lips mean the person you are talking to has formed a thought that is in opposition to what is being said or done. Knowing what a person thinks gives you an advantage. The trick is to change someone's mind before he has an opportunity to articulate any opposition. Once a person expresses an opinion or decision aloud, changing his mind becomes more difficult due to the psychological principle of consistency. People tend to remain consistent with what they say, but not with what they think. If you see pursed lips, you will know what someone is thinking and can use persuasion to change that person's minds before he says no.<\/p>\r\n When thanked, most people respond, \"You're welcome.\" But to make your response more powerful, add, \"I know you would do the same for me.\" This invokes the psychological principle of <\/em>reciprocity. When people are given something tangible, or even something intangible such as a compliment, they are psychologically predisposed to give something in return. Reciprocity increases the probability of compliance to future requests.<\/p>\r\n Introducing a sense of wonder in conversation or in the form of self-talk also increases the probability of compliance. People typically want<\/em> <\/em>to tell others about their expertise. Introducing a sense of wonder takes advantage of this tendency. If you need help with a task, seek out a person with that skill and, during the course of your conversation, simply muse, \"I'm working on this project and I'm having some difficulty. I was wondering if you may have run into the same problem.\" An expert in the field will have difficulty <\/em>not <\/em>volunteering his expertise, just to show his mastery. He may even offer his services to help you solve the problem. This creates the illusion that the expert is offering expertise and not being requested to provide advice or free services.<\/p>","adinfo":{"c_type":"formattedarticle","showlogo":true,"cms":"inc70078","video":"yes","aut":["jack-schafer"],"channelArray":{"topid":"136","topfilelocation":"negotiating","primary":["grow"],"primaryFilelocation":["grow"],"primaryname":["Grow"],"sub":["grow"],"subFilelocation":["grow"],"subname":["Grow"],"subsub":["grow","sales"],"subsubFilelocation":["grow","sales"],"subsubname":["Grow","How to Sell Anything"]},"adzone":"\/4160\/mv.inc\/grow\/grow\/sales"},"commentcount":1},{"inc_headline":"Meet the King of Kombucha","inc_homepage_headline":"Meet the King of Kombucha","inc_homepage_headline_ab_test":null,"inc_sharing_headline":null,"inc_twitter_headline":"Meet GT Dave, the king of kombucha @tomfoster2","inc_title":"Meet GT Dave, the King of Kombucha","inc_custom_byline":null,"inc_deck":"Yes, kombucha. The fermented probiotic beverage that GT Dave turned into a $600 million category--one that he still dominates. If only things would stay so simple.","inc_homepage_deck":"Yes, kombucha. The fermented probiotic beverage that GT Dave turned into a $600 million category--one that he still dominates. If only things would stay so simple.","inc_sharing_deck":null,"inc_clean_text":" Within five minutes of meeting me, GT Dave, creator of the wildly popular fermented probiotic beverage GT's Kombucha<\/a>, tells me the story of his conception:<\/p>\r\n Late one night, his father rolled over and made love to his mother \"in the lotus position, of all positions,\" he says. GT's meticulously coifed 69-year-old mom, Laraine Dave, is sitting across from us in the living room of her hilltop home, a white modernist affair perched above a steep canyon in L.A.'s exclusive Bel-Air enclave. She grins and leans into the conversation, no sign of embarrassment. \"So I was conceived,\" GT says. \"And it was just something that was meant to be.\"<\/p>\r\n If he can tell that I fail to fully grasp the miracle, GT is unfazed. He's explaining how destiny has driven his success, even before he was born, and he's dead serious about it. His parents already had two sons that special night, he tells me, and didn't necessarily want a third. But one son, Justin, had a life-threatening heart condition. Laraine had meditated on her family's future and ended up vowing to go off contraceptives and let fate take over. After GT arrived, the family had a streak of good fortune. Justin's health stabilized, and his parents' marital stresses subsided. \"Everything kind of leveled out,\" GT says. \"I'm not saying I was the Messiah, but there was something that happened that was pretty unique and special.\"<\/p>\r\n In GT's view, the story of his company is rooted in the Eastern philosophies his parents followed (they frequently took their kids to a famous ashram in India), the family's various health struggles, and his own altruistic intentions. His parents' taste for homebrewed kombucha played into all those things, and GT eventually saw himself as a sort of conduit for spreading the love, the missionary of an almost magical elixir.<\/p>\r\n The story may also be seen as one of extraordinary bootstrapped<\/a> growth. Before GT's, there was no such thing as commercial kombucha. According to an Inc. analysis, this year consumers will buy $600 million worth of the fizzy stuff--that roughly equals the U.S. market for coconut water--and more than half will be GT's. The category, which started in local health-food markets and went national thanks to Whole Foods, has now spread to Safeway and even Walmart. GT owns 100 percent of the company, and has taken out only one loan, $10,000 from Laraine. And he's never bought an ad, preferring to let the product speak for itself--which it does rather effectively when it shows up in the hands of Madonna, Gwyneth Paltrow, Reese Witherspoon, and other paparazzi targets.<\/p>\r\n Perhaps most remarkably, GT did it all without any training or experience, without even graduating from high school, and certainly without anything resembling a business plan. He was all of 17 when he started the company in his parents' kitchen 20 years ago. Today he's the envy of the beverage world, an upstart who single-handedly created a blockbuster new category.<\/p>\r\n He's also, lately, a prime target. When you create a new category, you create a platform for competitors. And when you maintain an almost religious devotion to handcrafting your wares, it can be both your biggest strength and biggest vulnerability. Thanks to mega specialty markets like Whole Foods, a niche product once relegated to crunchy co-ops can reach consumers almost everywhere. But such scale brings pressures that can erode the artisanal principles that made the item so special to begin with.<\/p>\r\n In this way, the saga of GT's Kombucha is both road map and cautionary tale for quirky, handmade upstarts. For now, GT is still comfortably in command, but the next chapter of his story promises to test the limits of his destiny--and his purity.<\/p>\r\n If you've never<\/b> tried kombucha, imagine drinking a sweet-tart cider vinegar that's carbonated like beer and has a few little chunks swimming around in it. It's made of slightly sweetened tea--green, black, or both--that ferments for up to a month while a mushroom-looking blob floats on top of it. The blob is the key ingredient. Known as a scoby (for symbiotic colony of bacteria and yeast), it essentially eats the sugar, tannic acids, and caffeine in the tea, and creates a cocktail of live microorganisms that many believe to be beneficial. Scobys constantly grow and reproduce, and their offspring are something of a currency among kombucha devotees, who use them in homebrewing.<\/p>\r\n\r\n Kombucha is, shall we say, an acquired taste. But historically, taste wasn't the point. Most accounts of kombucha's history go back to 221 BCE in China, where it was known as the \"tea of immortality.\" Over the centuries, it spread to Japan and Russia, and eventually made its way to hard-core health-food types, like GT's family, in the U.S.<\/p>\r\n Kombucha's actual effects are a matter of debate. Plenty of studies have shown that probiotic foods--fermented dishes like kimchi, sauerkraut, unpasteurized yogurt, and kombucha--aid digestion and help maintain intestinal health. There's also evidence that consuming live bacteria can boost the immune system and stave off allergies. Modern commercial kombuchas like GT's often include supplemental ingredients such as ginger or juices that have their own documented health benefits (and also make the stuff taste better). True believers, though, tout kombucha as a treatment for just about everything, including baldness, acne, hangovers, AIDS, and cancer.<\/p>\r\n GT's dad, Michael Dave, a lawyer, first scored a scoby in 1993 from a friend and former talent agent who'd left the entertainment business to start a café, Beverly Hills Juice. The ex-agent's wife had gotten it from a friend who'd picked it up from a Buddhist nun. But preferring his juices, he gave it to Michael, who took up homebrewing. Laraine started bringing his kombucha to the luxury department store I. Magnin, where she sold jewelry. She'd serve it in champagne glasses to cosmetics girls and customers, spreading the word about its benefits for skin and hair--\"all those visual reasons, the Ponce de León fountain-of-youth type of deal,\" she says.<\/p>\r\n In July 1994, Laraine found a lump in her breast. Doctors diagnosed a fast-growing cancer. \"It was three inches in diameter, and they couldn't give me a year to live,\" she says. \"But after the lumpectomy, they found that a lot of the tissue around it was precancerous.\"<\/p>\r\n The doctors were shocked. \"What have you been doing?\" they asked.<\/p>\r\n \"I've been drinking this kombucha every day, and it's supposed to turbo-boost your immune system,\" she said.<\/p>\r\n \"Mrs. Dave, whatever you're doing, keep doing it,\" they said.<\/p>\r\n Around the time that Laraine underwent chemotherapy and radiation treatment, Los Angeles Magazine cited her as the force behind \"the mushroom that's sweeping L.A.\" People started calling I. Magnin wanting to buy kombucha, and one night at the family dinner table, she mentioned all the interest she was getting. GT looked up from his plate and said, \"Mom, you should do this. You should make it available for everyone. Think of all the people it could help. Look what it's done for you.\"<\/p>\r\n It was nearly a month before GT's 17th birthday. He had recently dropped out of Beverly Hills High after falling in with the wrong crowd and slacking off. Self-aware enough to know that he needed to make a change, he had gotten his GED and signed up for some classes at the local community college.<\/p>\r\n Laraine gazed across the table at her smart, charismatic, somewhat lost son. \"You do it,\" she said. \"And I will help you.\"<\/p>\r\n Along the refrigerator<\/b> wall at Erewhon, a bustling natural-foods grocery on Beverly Boulevard, several dozen rows of GT's Kombucha dominate all other drinks. Flavors include Mystic Mango, Cosmic Cranberry, Guava Goddess, and so on, in a rainbow of colors peeking out from behind retro labels that evoke a 19th-century tonic.<\/p>\r\n Now 36 and buffed to a high shine, GT--it's short for George Thomas--carries himself with a bouncy, contagious energy. Sculpted biceps emerge from the short and cuffed sleeves of his Alexander McQueen button-down. Impossibly snug khaki pants reveal smooth and sockless ankles. On Saturdays, he drives his Lamborghini. Overall, he has a sort of ageless and Photoshopped look that suggests someone who takes very expensive care of himself--or maybe just drinks a ton of kombucha.<\/p>\r\n Which he does. \"I'll go through eight to 12 bottles a day,\" he says. That includes sampling batches while they're fermenting to monitor effervescence and other factors, testing finished product to check flavor, and buying bottles from stores to understand the customer experience. He considers himself something of a kombucha artist, and doesn't trust anyone else to have a palate as finely tuned as his.<\/p>\r\n \"He challenges us to step up our game,\" says Chris Reed, founder and CEO of the publicly traded Reed's, which is known for its ginger ale and recently launched a kombucha drink. \"GT's kept the quality up there as he's grown, and maybe even improved it over the past year or two.\" Reed's Culture Club Kombucha is now the next-largest brand, but Reed calls it \"a flyspeck\" next to GT's, claiming only 2 percent of the market.<\/p>\r\n Beverages are a high-margin business, but experts say kombucha is extraordinary. The most important ingredient, the scoby, is free and self-replicating. Everything else--tea and sugar and whatever dash of flavoring gets added at the end--doesn't cost much more, even if you use only the finest raw materials, as both GT and Reed claim to. \"When you dial it in like GT has, the margins are very high, maybe 50 percent,\" says Reed.<\/p>\r\n GT won't say so, but bringing me to Erewhon illustrates his hold on the market--he controls something north of 60 percent, he says, and likely much more at this hometown store. Beyond that, he won't discuss financial details. \"It's not extraordinary,\" he says. \"I'm not going to tell you it's a lucrative business.\" Doing so, of course, would distract from the \"heart and soul\" of the company: the mission to spread a good thing.<\/p>\r\n Erewhon is also where his business began, just a few months after GT's fateful dinner conversation with Laraine. After tinkering with the recipe to make something more palatable than his dad's vinegary brew, he put on a suit, stuffed a legal pad and a calculator into a briefcase, and set off to pitch<\/a> Erewhon, his dad at his side to lend gravitas. He had created a black and white logo inspired by his mom's Chanel cosmetics, and he measured meticulously before affixing a homemade label three inches from the bottom of each of his bottles, so they'd look like they'd come off an assembly line. Thanks to the magazine article about Laraine, customers were already asking for kombucha, so a deal was easy. \"At no point did anyone at the store suspect I was a homebrewer,\" GT says.<\/p>\r\n The first order--two cases, or 24 bottles--nearly sold out on the first day. The next year and a half became a blur of brewing and bottling and pitching. GT's kombucha factory, initially a few punch bowls on the counter, outgrew the family kitchen and took over the dining room. GT started sleeping from 4 p.m. to midnight, and working while his family slept. He created alter egos--Jorge the delivery guy, George the cook, and GT the president--to sound like he had employees when he talked to his growing list of retailers.<\/p>\r\n Laraine pitched in by becoming chief product-demo officer. GT sent her to stores, where she'd set up tasting tables. \"Please try GT's Kombucha. It stimulates your metabolism,\" she'd say. She'd promise people better skin after a month of drinking kombucha--if they drank it daily. She learned that the local Hasidic Jews were open to serving the drink to their kids. \"A little every morning and a little every night!\" she would suggest. \"The kids will do better in sports and school!\" Sometimes she shared her cancer story with shoppers.<\/p>\r\n\r\n \"GT had the great advantage of being the first guy in,\" says Reed. \"He took the time and energy to educate the consumer in the early days, just talking about kombucha, creating a culture around it.\" The mystical aura Laraine helped create--never mind if it stretched the truth--didn't hurt.<\/p>\r\n The beverage aisle of the '90s was not like today's, where every upscale market has a dozen different pressed juices and superfruit power drinks. GT's was pricey--$4.99--but not unprecedented, since Odwalla and Red Bull had already persuaded people to spend several times the cost of soda for extra nutrition or energy. And there was a sense of discovery. \"It was like, 'My god, why haven't I had this before?' \" says GT.<\/p>\r\n But as business began to thrive, Justin got sick again. As a baby, his recurring heart problems were treated by blessings from Sathya Sai Baba--the family's holy man in India--and surgeons in L.A. Now the diagnosis was a rare and terminal cancer. As GT worked nights furiously filling orders, Justin hunched over on his knees in the living room, unable to walk or even lie in bed. GT would turn away from his tasks to help his big brother go to the bathroom, or lift him into a more comfortable position.<\/p>\r\n \"Starting my company was one of the most beautiful things I've ever gone through, like giving birth,\" says GT, his voice as composed as ever, if softer with emotion. \"I'm there at the house creating, innovating, seeing my future, finally feeling like I've found something that resonates all the way to my core. And juxtaposed to that is my brother dying, being stripped of everything he felt was important--the physique, the popularity, all the pride and ego.\"<\/p>\r\n When Justin died, the stress tore GT's parents apart. It was December 1996, and GT realized it was time to go pro. He was more than two years into his adventure, selling 30 to 50 cases a day, and had strained his homebrew operation beyond capacity. He rented a 2,000-square-foot industrial space in Gardena, just outside of L.A., and started hiring.<\/p>\r\n Then Whole Foods came calling.<\/p>\r\n If the early days<\/b> of GT's Kombucha are a triumph of precocious instincts and timing, the company's jump to adulthood owes much to Whole Foods. In 1999, the grocer wasn't the leviathan it is today, but it already held extraordinary power to pluck an obscure brand out of the wild and give it previously unimagined exposure. Suddenly GT's was in stores across the Southwest. He rented another 2,000 square feet in Gardena. And then again, and again, as his kombucha kept rolling out to more regions. By 2004, GT constantly struggled to meet demand. He'd increase capacity, and by the time he was up and running he'd need more.<\/p>\r\n Another constraint was his production process. GT was still brewing the traditional way, in tiny batches requiring tremendous personal attention. One potential solution, common among food and beverage companies, was to hire contract manufacturers. But GT was unwilling to give up his close oversight. He was also unwilling to increase yields by diluting the product, for fear that consumers would detect the difference. He gambled to hold fast to his standards and raced to find a much larger facility, one that he could grow into.<\/p>\r\n He did, and by early 2010, kombucha was everywhere. Stars were showing up in the tabloids toting bottles of GT's. A major national rival had entered the market: Honest Tea, then partly owned by Coca-Cola. (Today Coke owns it outright.) Amazingly, GT still held more than 90 percent of the market.<\/p>\r\n Then he started hearing from panicked retailers. An inspector from the Maine Department of Agriculture had noticed some bottles of kombucha leaking and bubbling in a Portland Whole Foods; worried the drinks were still fermenting, the department tested several brands, including GT's. The alcohol levels ran as high as 2.5 percent by volume--five times the legal limit for nonalcoholic drinks. The retailers feared getting arrested for selling booze illegally.<\/p>\r\n Whole Foods pulled all kombucha products from its shelves. Others followed suit, and suddenly it was all but impossible to buy the drink anywhere. What was a $150 million product category disappeared in an instant--poof.<\/p>\r\n It got worse. Lindsay Lohan failed a court-mandated alcohol test, and press accounts blamed it on her heavy kombucha habit, spreading the recall news everywhere. Three class-action lawsuits came next, two charging GT's and Honest Tea with misleading customers about the alcohol content of kombucha, and another accusing GT's of making unsubstantiated health claims. At that time, Laraine's cancer story was printed on every label, and GT was fond of crediting the brew for her survival. \"Kombucha is the reason she's still here today,\" he told Forbes in 2009. Laraine told the Los Angeles Times that Justin \"would have survived\" his cancer if only he'd let her feed him kombucha.<\/p>\r\n On his labels, GT has always included a warning of \"trace amounts\" of alcohol, and he suggests that the bottles tested had simply gone bad, as would any juice left on the shelf too long. More plainly, he felt persecuted. \"Imagine,\" he says, \"spending 15 years of your life doing something that you started because it helped people, because it touched your mom's health, and then somebody says it's all a lie, it's booze, it's unhealthy.\" He pauses to let his sense of unfairness sink in. \"That's really, really hard.\"<\/p>\r\n He settled the lawsuits and removed Laraine's story from his labels. (That stung too. \"We never used the word cure,\" he says.) But the real task was to save the company: to reformulate so Whole Foods would allow GT's back into its stores. Some brands were returned to the shelves two weeks after the recall. GT's stayed gone three and a half months, because he was unwilling to radically change his process. Some brewers use pasteurization to help control the alcohol content in their products, or ferment for shorter periods and add forced carbonation. GT says that he \"changed the potential for alcohol by controlling the chemistry of the fermentation.\"<\/p>\r\n The result, which he named Enlightened kombucha, has a slightly softer taste. GT won't admit to the bright side of the new product's more mass-market flavor profile--that would suggest a financial motive rather than a pure, spiritual one--but the scandal clearly opened the door for novel approaches. The new formula has a shorter shelf life, creating opportunities to include things, like chia seeds, that previously wouldn't work.<\/p>\r\n According to Spins, a natural-products market research firm, in 2010 the kombucha category grew 28 percent--despite the disaster. (Spins's data excludes Whole Foods.) In 2011, the category grew more than 40 percent. \"If there's a silver lining [to the alcohol problem], it's more people hearing about kombucha,\" GT says. And also this: The scare led GT's most formidable competitor at the time, Honest Tea, to pull out of the market.<\/p>\r\n A Damien Hirst<\/b> painting of a butterfly hangs in the second-floor conference room of GT's current headquarters, just south of downtown L.A.--the only room GT will let me see in the 100,000-square-foot complex. For all his candor about the most intimate details of his family's struggles and spirituality, he's intensely secretive about how he makes his kombucha.<\/p>\r\n The reason, he says, is that people's energies can influence their surroundings; he doesn't want any bad juju around the kombucha, so it's accessible to only his roughly 150 employees. He tells of an employee who died from a heart attack some years ago. \"He was going through some personal issues, fighting with his wife, and after he died, every batch he had touched went bad,\" GT says. \"As silly as it sounds, because of its living-life-force qualities, the kombucha is sensitive to the energy that surrounds it.\"<\/p>\r\n\r\n As with the magical properties of the finished product, there's some debate about whether the production is as holy as GT makes it out to be. He's currently fighting two lawsuits from former employees over work conditions in the factory, one of which calls them \"abhorrent.\" GT calls the claims baseless and the plaintiffs mere opportunists.<\/p>\r\n The reality, he says, is that \"the environment we make kombucha in is peaceful, loving, quiet. Like a nursery.\" Each of the scobys he uses is an offspring of the original mother culture that his dad got so long ago. Each colony is small enough that, GT says, a single person could carry its container; there are thousands upon thousands of them in the factory.<\/p>\r\n What makes it all work, he says, is his relentless perfectionism, his dedication to personally tending to his babies, never pasteurizing, never filtering. If the kombucha that results from all that tender nurturing is a better product, that's a great way for GT to stay the undisputed king of the booch in an expanding market. But GT's is now, at least in health-food circles, a ubiquitous and instantly recognizable national brand, and that can undermine the idea that it's artisanally made. The values guiding healthy eating go well beyond natural and organic these days, and whether something is local is equally important--for proof, just check the aisles of your nearest Whole Foods.<\/p>\r\n \"We're seeing a surge of local production,\" says Errol Schweizer, the global grocery coordinator at Whole Foods. \"GT still has the best-selling brand in the category, but his growth [here] has tailed off. He has helped spawn a lot of competitors.\" In its quest to feature regional brands in its stores, Whole Foods is literally funding GT's competition. For instance, Kosmic Kombucha, a four-year-old startup in Austin, recently got a financial boost from Whole Foods' Local Producer Loan program, and is using those funds to expand. Complicating matters is that GT's new competitors don't necessarily hew to the same rules he does, and the easier ways to make kombucha are fast becoming the norm. When I visit Kosmic's headquarters, their product is fermenting in 50-gallon blue plastic barrels, not the small vessels that GT insists on. The founders, a young couple, seem no less passionate about their product and its benefits than GT is about his, but they have no qualms showing me how they force carbonate their drink after it ferments--a practice GT shuns. Chris Reed, of Reed's, similarly shrugs at carbonating his booch: \"What's the difference, whether a bug ate the sugar and farted out the CO2 or you added it yourself?\" And the nationally distributed Kombucha Wonder Drink touts being pasteurized--though the industry consensus is that pasteurization kills all the beneficial probiotics.<\/p>\r\n For GT, the only real response is to keep growing. Over the past two years, GT's has become increasingly available in mainstream grocers--first Safeway and Kroger, and now Target and Walmart. In the late 2000s, Whole Foods outstocked other retailers in GT's by a factor of three; today it is still the product's largest outlet, but just marginally.<\/p>\r\n Mainstream growth has been great for the business--conventional grocers are now the largest retail channel for kombucha, with sales rising more than 60 percent in 2014--but GT knows how it's perceived by his core consumers. \"I think about how I felt when my favorite product that I could only find at a natural-foods store became available at the drugstore,\" he says. \"There's a disconnect of intimacy that almost cheapens the experience.\"<\/p>\r\n \"What GT is struggling with is not different from any other startup--his is just more mature,\" says Herman Uscategui. Formerly a Starbucks executive heading up international business development, Uscategui now consults for GT on what he calls \"professionalizing operations\"--helping set up better finance systems, IT, and market research, and finding first-class executives so GT doesn't stay at work until 11 every night.<\/p>\r\n Uscategui is urging GT to steel himself for more competition. With more brewers blurring the definition of kombucha, especially as the less-discerning mass market beckons, you can imagine Pepsi or another giant acquiring a less persnickety brand--like, say, Kombucha Wonder Drink, whose founder, Stephen Lee, co-founded Tazo Tea, which eventually sold to Starbucks.<\/p>\r\n \"We need to be fully aware of the players with extremely large infrastructure and resources. They will be attacking,\" Uscategui says. \"So I ask him, 'How much flexibility are you going to have and not compromise?' He's said to me he will not pasteurize his product, no matter what.\" But, Uscategui continues, \"GT has come to realize that the purity of his concept and the purity of his ideas related to business strategy and product development need to be reassessed in order to deal with market pressures or consumer trends.\"<\/p>\r\n Even GT's tight control of the brewing process may need to loosen. Shipping refrigerated product in glass bottles across the country isn't exactly efficient, so he's thought about opening a second brewery on the East Coast, where he won't be able to drop in on the scobys every day and feel their energy. Uscategui even suggests that stepping up the brand's marketing isn't out of the question. Meanwhile, GT mulls expansions that would make his company a wider wellness brand. \"I don't want to be confined to just kombucha,\" he says. \"Whether that means another kind of healthy food or drink, a wellness center, a café, whether it's a mind-expanding film production, I'm all for it.<\/p>\r\n \"Ultimately, what am I looking to achieve? If the only answer is financial growth, that's not enough. We are not just chasing dollar signs. It's authenticity, personal expression. It's a journey.\"<\/p>\r\n Sure. But the first 20 years of his journey were about transforming a handmade project into a scalable business and spreading the magic. The next phase is about transforming a successful startup into a billion-dollar, diversified brand. This special tonic--GT's destiny, his art, which might or might not have saved his mom and certainly gave his own life a purpose--is now on sale at Walmart. There's no going back. Within five minutes of meeting me, GT Dave, creator of the wildly popular fermented probiotic beverage GT's Kombucha<\/a>, tells me the story of his conception:<\/p>\r\n Late one night, his father rolled over and made love to his mother \"in the lotus position, of all positions,\" he says. GT's meticulously coifed 69-year-old mom, Laraine Dave, is sitting across from us in the living room of her hilltop home, a white modernist affair perched above a steep canyon in L.A.'s exclusive Bel-Air enclave. She grins and leans into the conversation, no sign of embarrassment. \"So I was conceived,\" GT says. \"And it was just something that was meant to be.\"<\/p>\r\n If he can tell that I fail to fully grasp the miracle, GT is unfazed. He's explaining how destiny has driven his success, even before he was born, and he's dead serious about it. His parents already had two sons that special night, he tells me, and didn't necessarily want a third. But one son, Justin, had a life-threatening heart condition. Laraine had meditated on her family's future and ended up vowing to go off contraceptives and let fate take over. After GT arrived, the family had a streak of good fortune. Justin's health stabilized, and his parents' marital stresses subsided. \"Everything kind of leveled out,\" GT says. \"I'm not saying I was the Messiah, but there was something that happened that was pretty unique and special.\"<\/p>\r\n In GT's view, the story of his company is rooted in the Eastern philosophies his parents followed (they frequently took their kids to a famous ashram in India), the family's various health struggles, and his own altruistic intentions. His parents' taste for homebrewed kombucha played into all those things, and GT eventually saw himself as a sort of conduit for spreading the love, the missionary of an almost magical elixir.<\/p>\r\n The story may also be seen as one of extraordinary bootstrapped<\/a> growth. Before GT's, there was no such thing as commercial kombucha. According to an Inc. analysis, this year consumers will buy $600 million worth of the fizzy stuff--that roughly equals the U.S. market for coconut water--and more than half will be GT's. The category, which started in local health-food markets and went national thanks to Whole Foods, has now spread to Safeway and even Walmart. GT owns 100 percent of the company, and has taken out only one loan, $10,000 from Laraine. And he's never bought an ad, preferring to let the product speak for itself--which it does rather effectively when it shows up in the hands of Madonna, Gwyneth Paltrow, Reese Witherspoon, and other paparazzi targets.<\/p>\r\n Perhaps most remarkably, GT did it all without any training or experience, without even graduating from high school, and certainly without anything resembling a business plan. He was all of 17 when he started the company in his parents' kitchen 20 years ago. Today he's the envy of the beverage world, an upstart who single-handedly created a blockbuster new category.<\/p>\r\n He's also, lately, a prime target. When you create a new category, you create a platform for competitors. And when you maintain an almost religious devotion to handcrafting your wares, it can be both your biggest strength and biggest vulnerability. Thanks to mega specialty markets like Whole Foods, a niche product once relegated to crunchy co-ops can reach consumers almost everywhere. But such scale brings pressures that can erode the artisanal principles that made the item so special to begin with.<\/p>\r\n In this way, the saga of GT's Kombucha is both road map and cautionary tale for quirky, handmade upstarts. For now, GT is still comfortably in command, but the next chapter of his story promises to test the limits of his destiny--and his purity.<\/p>\r\n If you've never<\/b> tried kombucha, imagine drinking a sweet-tart cider vinegar that's carbonated like beer and has a few little chunks swimming around in it. It's made of slightly sweetened tea--green, black, or both--that ferments for up to a month while a mushroom-looking blob floats on top of it. The blob is the key ingredient. Known as a scoby (for symbiotic colony of bacteria and yeast), it essentially eats the sugar, tannic acids, and caffeine in the tea, and creates a cocktail of live microorganisms that many believe to be beneficial. Scobys constantly grow and reproduce, and their offspring are something of a currency among kombucha devotees, who use them in homebrewing.<\/p>\r\n Kombucha is, shall we say, an acquired taste. But historically, taste wasn't the point. Most accounts of kombucha's history go back to 221 BCE in China, where it was known as the \"tea of immortality.\" Over the centuries, it spread to Japan and Russia, and eventually made its way to hard-core health-food types, like GT's family, in the U.S.<\/p>\r\n Kombucha's actual effects are a matter of debate. Plenty of studies have shown that probiotic foods--fermented dishes like kimchi, sauerkraut, unpasteurized yogurt, and kombucha--aid digestion and help maintain intestinal health. There's also evidence that consuming live bacteria can boost the immune system and stave off allergies. Modern commercial kombuchas like GT's often include supplemental ingredients such as ginger or juices that have their own documented health benefits (and also make the stuff taste better). True believers, though, tout kombucha as a treatment for just about everything, including baldness, acne, hangovers, AIDS, and cancer.<\/p>\r\n GT's dad, Michael Dave, a lawyer, first scored a scoby in 1993 from a friend and former talent agent who'd left the entertainment business to start a café, Beverly Hills Juice. The ex-agent's wife had gotten it from a friend who'd picked it up from a Buddhist nun. But preferring his juices, he gave it to Michael, who took up homebrewing. Laraine started bringing his kombucha to the luxury department store I. Magnin, where she sold jewelry. She'd serve it in champagne glasses to cosmetics girls and customers, spreading the word about its benefits for skin and hair--\"all those visual reasons, the Ponce de León fountain-of-youth type of deal,\" she says.<\/p>\r\n In July 1994, Laraine found a lump in her breast. Doctors diagnosed a fast-growing cancer. \"It was three inches in diameter, and they couldn't give me a year to live,\" she says. \"But after the lumpectomy, they found that a lot of the tissue around it was precancerous.\"<\/p>\r\n The doctors were shocked. \"What have you been doing?\" they asked.<\/p>\r\n \"I've been drinking this kombucha every day, and it's supposed to turbo-boost your immune system,\" she said.<\/p>\r\n \"Mrs. Dave, whatever you're doing, keep doing it,\" they said.<\/p>\r\n Around the time that Laraine underwent chemotherapy and radiation treatment, Los Angeles Magazine cited her as the force behind \"the mushroom that's sweeping L.A.\" People started calling I. Magnin wanting to buy kombucha, and one night at the family dinner table, she mentioned all the interest she was getting. GT looked up from his plate and said, \"Mom, you should do this. You should make it available for everyone. Think of all the people it could help. Look what it's done for you.\"<\/p>\r\n It was nearly a month before GT's 17th birthday. He had recently dropped out of Beverly Hills High after falling in with the wrong crowd and slacking off. Self-aware enough to know that he needed to make a change, he had gotten his GED and signed up for some classes at the local community college.<\/p>\r\n Laraine gazed across the table at her smart, charismatic, somewhat lost son. \"You do it,\" she said. \"And I will help you.\"<\/p>\r\n Along the refrigerator<\/b> wall at Erewhon, a bustling natural-foods grocery on Beverly Boulevard, several dozen rows of GT's Kombucha dominate all other drinks. Flavors include Mystic Mango, Cosmic Cranberry, Guava Goddess, and so on, in a rainbow of colors peeking out from behind retro labels that evoke a 19th-century tonic.<\/p>\r\n Now 36 and buffed to a high shine, GT--it's short for George Thomas--carries himself with a bouncy, contagious energy. Sculpted biceps emerge from the short and cuffed sleeves of his Alexander McQueen button-down. Impossibly snug khaki pants reveal smooth and sockless ankles. On Saturdays, he drives his Lamborghini. Overall, he has a sort of ageless and Photoshopped look that suggests someone who takes very expensive care of himself--or maybe just drinks a ton of kombucha.<\/p>\r\n Which he does. \"I'll go through eight to 12 bottles a day,\" he says. That includes sampling batches while they're fermenting to monitor effervescence and other factors, testing finished product to check flavor, and buying bottles from stores to understand the customer experience. He considers himself something of a kombucha artist, and doesn't trust anyone else to have a palate as finely tuned as his.<\/p>\r\n \"He challenges us to step up our game,\" says Chris Reed, founder and CEO of the publicly traded Reed's, which is known for its ginger ale and recently launched a kombucha drink. \"GT's kept the quality up there as he's grown, and maybe even improved it over the past year or two.\" Reed's Culture Club Kombucha is now the next-largest brand, but Reed calls it \"a flyspeck\" next to GT's, claiming only 2 percent of the market.<\/p>\r\n Beverages are a high-margin business, but experts say kombucha is extraordinary. The most important ingredient, the scoby, is free and self-replicating. Everything else--tea and sugar and whatever dash of flavoring gets added at the end--doesn't cost much more, even if you use only the finest raw materials, as both GT and Reed claim to. \"When you dial it in like GT has, the margins are very high, maybe 50 percent,\" says Reed.<\/p>\r\n GT won't say so, but bringing me to Erewhon illustrates his hold on the market--he controls something north of 60 percent, he says, and likely much more at this hometown store. Beyond that, he won't discuss financial details. \"It's not extraordinary,\" he says. \"I'm not going to tell you it's a lucrative business.\" Doing so, of course, would distract from the \"heart and soul\" of the company: the mission to spread a good thing.<\/p>\r\n Erewhon is also where his business began, just a few months after GT's fateful dinner conversation with Laraine. After tinkering with the recipe to make something more palatable than his dad's vinegary brew, he put on a suit, stuffed a legal pad and a calculator into a briefcase, and set off to pitch<\/a> Erewhon, his dad at his side to lend gravitas. He had created a black and white logo inspired by his mom's Chanel cosmetics, and he measured meticulously before affixing a homemade label three inches from the bottom of each of his bottles, so they'd look like they'd come off an assembly line. Thanks to the magazine article about Laraine, customers were already asking for kombucha, so a deal was easy. \"At no point did anyone at the store suspect I was a homebrewer,\" GT says.<\/p>\r\n The first order--two cases, or 24 bottles--nearly sold out on the first day. The next year and a half became a blur of brewing and bottling and pitching. GT's kombucha factory, initially a few punch bowls on the counter, outgrew the family kitchen and took over the dining room. GT started sleeping from 4 p.m. to midnight, and working while his family slept. He created alter egos--Jorge the delivery guy, George the cook, and GT the president--to sound like he had employees when he talked to his growing list of retailers.<\/p>\r\n Laraine pitched in by becoming chief product-demo officer. GT sent her to stores, where she'd set up tasting tables. \"Please try GT's Kombucha. It stimulates your metabolism,\" she'd say. She'd promise people better skin after a month of drinking kombucha--if they drank it daily. She learned that the local Hasidic Jews were open to serving the drink to their kids. \"A little every morning and a little every night!\" she would suggest. \"The kids will do better in sports and school!\" Sometimes she shared her cancer story with shoppers.<\/p>\r\n \"GT had the great advantage of being the first guy in,\" says Reed. \"He took the time and energy to educate the consumer in the early days, just talking about kombucha, creating a culture around it.\" The mystical aura Laraine helped create--never mind if it stretched the truth--didn't hurt.<\/p>\r\n The beverage aisle of the '90s was not like today's, where every upscale market has a dozen different pressed juices and superfruit power drinks. GT's was pricey--$4.99--but not unprecedented, since Odwalla and Red Bull had already persuaded people to spend several times the cost of soda for extra nutrition or energy. And there was a sense of discovery. \"It was like, 'My god, why haven't I had this before?' \" says GT.<\/p>\r\n But as business began to thrive, Justin got sick again. As a baby, his recurring heart problems were treated by blessings from Sathya Sai Baba--the family's holy man in India--and surgeons in L.A. Now the diagnosis was a rare and terminal cancer. As GT worked nights furiously filling orders, Justin hunched over on his knees in the living room, unable to walk or even lie in bed. GT would turn away from his tasks to help his big brother go to the bathroom, or lift him into a more comfortable position.<\/p>\r\n \"Starting my company was one of the most beautiful things I've ever gone through, like giving birth,\" says GT, his voice as composed as ever, if softer with emotion. \"I'm there at the house creating, innovating, seeing my future, finally feeling like I've found something that resonates all the way to my core. And juxtaposed to that is my brother dying, being stripped of everything he felt was important--the physique, the popularity, all the pride and ego.\"<\/p>\r\n When Justin died, the stress tore GT's parents apart. It was December 1996, and GT realized it was time to go pro. He was more than two years into his adventure, selling 30 to 50 cases a day, and had strained his homebrew operation beyond capacity. He rented a 2,000-square-foot industrial space in Gardena, just outside of L.A., and started hiring.<\/p>\r\n Then Whole Foods came calling.<\/p>\r\n If the early days<\/b> of GT's Kombucha are a triumph of precocious instincts and timing, the company's jump to adulthood owes much to Whole Foods. In 1999, the grocer wasn't the leviathan it is today, but it already held extraordinary power to pluck an obscure brand out of the wild and give it previously unimagined exposure. Suddenly GT's was in stores across the Southwest. He rented another 2,000 square feet in Gardena. And then again, and again, as his kombucha kept rolling out to more regions. By 2004, GT constantly struggled to meet demand. He'd increase capacity, and by the time he was up and running he'd need more.<\/p>\r\n Another constraint was his production process. GT was still brewing the traditional way, in tiny batches requiring tremendous personal attention. One potential solution, common among food and beverage companies, was to hire contract manufacturers. But GT was unwilling to give up his close oversight. He was also unwilling to increase yields by diluting the product, for fear that consumers would detect the difference. He gambled to hold fast to his standards and raced to find a much larger facility, one that he could grow into.<\/p>\r\n He did, and by early 2010, kombucha was everywhere. Stars were showing up in the tabloids toting bottles of GT's. A major national rival had entered the market: Honest Tea, then partly owned by Coca-Cola. (Today Coke owns it outright.) Amazingly, GT still held more than 90 percent of the market.<\/p>\r\n Then he started hearing from panicked retailers. An inspector from the Maine Department of Agriculture had noticed some bottles of kombucha leaking and bubbling in a Portland Whole Foods; worried the drinks were still fermenting, the department tested several brands, including GT's. The alcohol levels ran as high as 2.5 percent by volume--five times the legal limit for nonalcoholic drinks. The retailers feared getting arrested for selling booze illegally.<\/p>\r\n Whole Foods pulled all kombucha products from its shelves. Others followed suit, and suddenly it was all but impossible to buy the drink anywhere. What was a $150 million product category disappeared in an instant--poof.<\/p>\r\n It got worse. Lindsay Lohan failed a court-mandated alcohol test, and press accounts blamed it on her heavy kombucha habit, spreading the recall news everywhere. Three class-action lawsuits came next, two charging GT's and Honest Tea with misleading customers about the alcohol content of kombucha, and another accusing GT's of making unsubstantiated health claims. At that time, Laraine's cancer story was printed on every label, and GT was fond of crediting the brew for her survival. \"Kombucha is the reason she's still here today,\" he told Forbes in 2009. Laraine told the Los Angeles Times that Justin \"would have survived\" his cancer if only he'd let her feed him kombucha.<\/p>\r\n On his labels, GT has always included a warning of \"trace amounts\" of alcohol, and he suggests that the bottles tested had simply gone bad, as would any juice left on the shelf too long. More plainly, he felt persecuted. \"Imagine,\" he says, \"spending 15 years of your life doing something that you started because it helped people, because it touched your mom's health, and then somebody says it's all a lie, it's booze, it's unhealthy.\" He pauses to let his sense of unfairness sink in. \"That's really, really hard.\"<\/p>\r\n He settled the lawsuits and removed Laraine's story from his labels. (That stung too. \"We never used the word cure,\" he says.) But the real task was to save the company: to reformulate so Whole Foods would allow GT's back into its stores. Some brands were returned to the shelves two weeks after the recall. GT's stayed gone three and a half months, because he was unwilling to radically change his process. Some brewers use pasteurization to help control the alcohol content in their products, or ferment for shorter periods and add forced carbonation. GT says that he \"changed the potential for alcohol by controlling the chemistry of the fermentation.\"<\/p>\r\n The result, which he named Enlightened kombucha, has a slightly softer taste. GT won't admit to the bright side of the new product's more mass-market flavor profile--that would suggest a financial motive rather than a pure, spiritual one--but the scandal clearly opened the door for novel approaches. The new formula has a shorter shelf life, creating opportunities to include things, like chia seeds, that previously wouldn't work.<\/p>\r\n According to Spins, a natural-products market research firm, in 2010 the kombucha category grew 28 percent--despite the disaster. (Spins's data excludes Whole Foods.) In 2011, the category grew more than 40 percent. \"If there's a silver lining [to the alcohol problem], it's more people hearing about kombucha,\" GT says. And also this: The scare led GT's most formidable competitor at the time, Honest Tea, to pull out of the market.<\/p>\r\n A Damien Hirst<\/b> painting of a butterfly hangs in the second-floor conference room of GT's current headquarters, just south of downtown L.A.--the only room GT will let me see in the 100,000-square-foot complex. For all his candor about the most intimate details of his family's struggles and spirituality, he's intensely secretive about how he makes his kombucha.<\/p>\r\n The reason, he says, is that people's energies can influence their surroundings; he doesn't want any bad juju around the kombucha, so it's accessible to only his roughly 150 employees. He tells of an employee who died from a heart attack some years ago. \"He was going through some personal issues, fighting with his wife, and after he died, every batch he had touched went bad,\" GT says. \"As silly as it sounds, because of its living-life-force qualities, the kombucha is sensitive to the energy that surrounds it.\"<\/p>\r\n As with the magical properties of the finished product, there's some debate about whether the production is as holy as GT makes it out to be. He's currently fighting two lawsuits from former employees over work conditions in the factory, one of which calls them \"abhorrent.\" GT calls the claims baseless and the plaintiffs mere opportunists.<\/p>\r\n The reality, he says, is that \"the environment we make kombucha in is peaceful, loving, quiet. Like a nursery.\" Each of the scobys he uses is an offspring of the original mother culture that his dad got so long ago. Each colony is small enough that, GT says, a single person could carry its container; there are thousands upon thousands of them in the factory.<\/p>\r\n What makes it all work, he says, is his relentless perfectionism, his dedication to personally tending to his babies, never pasteurizing, never filtering. If the kombucha that results from all that tender nurturing is a better product, that's a great way for GT to stay the undisputed king of the booch in an expanding market. But GT's is now, at least in health-food circles, a ubiquitous and instantly recognizable national brand, and that can undermine the idea that it's artisanally made. The values guiding healthy eating go well beyond natural and organic these days, and whether something is local is equally important--for proof, just check the aisles of your nearest Whole Foods.<\/p>\r\n \"We're seeing a surge of local production,\" says Errol Schweizer, the global grocery coordinator at Whole Foods. \"GT still has the best-selling brand in the category, but his growth [here] has tailed off. He has helped spawn a lot of competitors.\" In its quest to feature regional brands in its stores, Whole Foods is literally funding GT's competition. For instance, Kosmic Kombucha, a four-year-old startup in Austin, recently got a financial boost from Whole Foods' Local Producer Loan program, and is using those funds to expand. Complicating matters is that GT's new competitors don't necessarily hew to the same rules he does, and the easier ways to make kombucha are fast becoming the norm. When I visit Kosmic's headquarters, their product is fermenting in 50-gallon blue plastic barrels, not the small vessels that GT insists on. The founders, a young couple, seem no less passionate about their product and its benefits than GT is about his, but they have no qualms showing me how they force carbonate their drink after it ferments--a practice GT shuns. Chris Reed, of Reed's, similarly shrugs at carbonating his booch: \"What's the difference, whether a bug ate the sugar and farted out the CO2 or you added it yourself?\" And the nationally distributed Kombucha Wonder Drink touts being pasteurized--though the industry consensus is that pasteurization kills all the beneficial probiotics.<\/p>\r\n For GT, the only real response is to keep growing. Over the past two years, GT's has become increasingly available in mainstream grocers--first Safeway and Kroger, and now Target and Walmart. In the late 2000s, Whole Foods outstocked other retailers in GT's by a factor of three; today it is still the product's largest outlet, but just marginally.<\/p>\r\n Mainstream growth has been great for the business--conventional grocers are now the largest retail channel for kombucha, with sales rising more than 60 percent in 2014--but GT knows how it's perceived by his core consumers. \"I think about how I felt when my favorite product that I could only find at a natural-foods store became available at the drugstore,\" he says. \"There's a disconnect of intimacy that almost cheapens the experience.\"<\/p>\r\n \"What GT is struggling with is not different from any other startup--his is just more mature,\" says Herman Uscategui. Formerly a Starbucks executive heading up international business development, Uscategui now consults for GT on what he calls \"professionalizing operations\"--helping set up better finance systems, IT, and market research, and finding first-class executives so GT doesn't stay at work until 11 every night.<\/p>\r\n Uscategui is urging GT to steel himself for more competition. With more brewers blurring the definition of kombucha, especially as the less-discerning mass market beckons, you can imagine Pepsi or another giant acquiring a less persnickety brand--like, say, Kombucha Wonder Drink, whose founder, Stephen Lee, co-founded Tazo Tea, which eventually sold to Starbucks.<\/p>\r\n \"We need to be fully aware of the players with extremely large infrastructure and resources. They will be attacking,\" Uscategui says. \"So I ask him, 'How much flexibility are you going to have and not compromise?' He's said to me he will not pasteurize his product, no matter what.\" But, Uscategui continues, \"GT has come to realize that the purity of his concept and the purity of his ideas related to business strategy and product development need to be reassessed in order to deal with market pressures or consumer trends.\"<\/p>\r\n Even GT's tight control of the brewing process may need to loosen. Shipping refrigerated product in glass bottles across the country isn't exactly efficient, so he's thought about opening a second brewery on the East Coast, where he won't be able to drop in on the scobys every day and feel their energy. Uscategui even suggests that stepping up the brand's marketing isn't out of the question. Meanwhile, GT mulls expansions that would make his company a wider wellness brand. \"I don't want to be confined to just kombucha,\" he says. \"Whether that means another kind of healthy food or drink, a wellness center, a café, whether it's a mind-expanding film production, I'm all for it.<\/p>\r\n \"Ultimately, what am I looking to achieve? If the only answer is financial growth, that's not enough. We are not just chasing dollar signs. It's authenticity, personal expression. It's a journey.\"<\/p>\r\n Sure. But the first 20 years of his journey were about transforming a handmade project into a scalable business and spreading the magic. The next phase is about transforming a successful startup into a billion-dollar, diversified brand. This special tonic--GT's destiny, his art, which might or might not have saved his mom and certainly gave his own life a purpose--is now on sale at Walmart. There's no going back. Cold calling<\/a> is a labor-intensive way to get sales leads into your pipeline. In addition, people don't like to be cold called, so you're at a disadvantage from square one. If you can, build your business with referrals. Even sales emails are preferable.<\/p>\r\n However, if you're determined to \"dial for dollars<\/a>,\" here are the secrets from two true gurus of the art: Andrea Sitting-Rolf<\/a> and Wendy Weiss<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n If selling your product requires a face-to-face meeting, the goal of the cold call will be to set up that meeting. Similarly, if your company's sales process launches with a trial usage of a product, then your goal is to get the prospect to accept the free trial.<\/p>\r\n Your cold call is more likely to be successful if you know something about the prospect, your prospect's company and industry, and the \"hot buttons\" that will cause that prospect to consider taking the action.<\/p>\r\n As I explained in a previous post about cold calling<\/a>, plan out ahead of time what you're going to say if you get through or get into voice mail. If the former, ask permission before you speak. If the latter, simply say \"I'll be brief.\" Then be brief.<\/p>\r\n Rehearsal transforms the scripted conversation into a more natural dialog. Work with a colleague until you internalize the rhythm of the call. Then your statements and questions flow more naturally.<\/p>\r\n Approach the call as if you have information and perspective that the prospect truly needs. Emphasize in your own mind that you can contribute to both the success of the prospect and the success of the prospect's business.<\/p>\r\n If your offering truly has value, you're doing the prospect a favor by giving him or her the opportunity to talk with you. Be so confident<\/a> in your ability to provide value that the people you call respond with confidence that you're right.<\/p>\r\n You have ten seconds (more or less) to communicate to the prospect that you're worth talking to. The best way to do this is to hit one of the \"hot buttons\" that that you discovered during your research.<\/p>\r\n To create instant rapport, mirror (but don't mimic) the tempo and rhythm of the prospect's voice. If the prospect talks quickly, talk quickly back. If the prospect has a long drawl, slow your talking speed down to match.<\/p>\r\n If the prospect is chatty, you may find yourself in a conversation that's irrelevant to what you're trying to accomplish. Without being pushy or abrupt, move the conversation toward that goal.<\/p>\r\n Part of cold calling is to anticipate the objections so that each time one of them materializes, you can handle it and move the conversation forward.<\/p>\r\n Let's assume your goal is to set up a face-to-face meeting. Here's you'd handle the four most common objections:<\/p>\r\n If the call went well (and you achieved your goal), take a few moments to congratulate yourself<\/a>. If not, you've just gotten that much closer to a call that will go well. So celebrate anyway. You deserve it. It's a tough job.<\/p>","inc_pubdate":"2015-02-18 17:15:00","inc_promo_date":"2015-02-18 17:15:00","inc_custom_pubdate":null,"inc_show_feature_imageflag":true,"inc_image_caption_override":null,"inc_autid":null,"inc_typid":1,"inc_staid":7,"inc_serid":null,"inc_prtid":null,"inc_activeflag":true,"inc_copyeditedflag":true,"inc_filelocation":"geoffrey-james\/11-secrets-to-win-when-cold-calling.html","inc_hide_commentsflag":false,"inc_hide_article_sidebarflag":false,"id":70484,"channels":[{"id":6,"cnl_name":"Grow","cnl_filelocation":"grow","cnl_custom_color":"F6861F","cnl_calculated_color":null,"sortorder":0},{"id":25,"cnl_name":"Marketing","cnl_filelocation":"marketing","cnl_custom_color":null,"cnl_calculated_color":"F6861F","sortorder":0}],"authors":[{"aut_name":"Geoffrey James","aut_last_name_for_sort":null,"aut_title":null,"aut_column_name":null,"aut_imgid":"34970","aut_blurb":"Geoffrey James<\/a> is a contributing editor at Inc.com, where he writes the award-winning Sales Source blog. A former systems architect, brand manager, and industry analyst inside Fortune 500 companies, he's authored numerous books and articles and has spoken at events hosted by Dell, Gartner, and Wired<\/em>. His most recent book is Business Without the Bullsh*t: 49 Secrets and Shortcuts You Need to Know<\/em><\/a>. To get your sales message critiqued for free, subscribe to his free weekly Sales Source newsletter<\/a>.","aut_footer_blurb":"Geoffrey James<\/a>, a contributing editor for Inc.com, is an author and professional speaker whose award-winning blog, Sales Source, appears daily on Inc.com. His most recent book is Business Without the Bullsh*t: 49 Secrets and Shortcuts You Need to Know<\/em><\/a>. To get your sales message critiqued for free, subscribe to his free weekly Sales Source newsletter<\/a>.","aut_twitter_id":"Sales_Source","aut_googleplus_id":null,"aut_entid":null,"aut_usrid":"661942","aut_admin_username":null,"aut_base_filelocation":"geoffrey-james","aut_atyid":null,"aut_monthly_commitment":null,"aut_compensated_authorflag":null,"time_created":null,"time_updated":null,"id":"3160","sortorder":1,"tbl":"author","fields":null,"application_path":"\/public_web_sites\/www.inc.com\/reflex\/","core_application_url":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/","featureimage":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/170x170\/james-updated_34970.jpeg","f2image":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/100x100\/james-updated_34970.jpeg","f3image":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/50x50\/james-updated_34970.jpeg","f0image":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/336x336\/james-updated_34970.jpeg","display_footer_blurb":"GEOFFREY JAMES<\/a><\/span><\/a>, a contributing editor for Inc.com, is an author and professional speaker whose award-winning blog, Sales Source, appears daily on Inc.com. His most recent book is Business Without the Bullsh*t: 49 Secrets and Shortcuts You Need to Know<\/em><\/a>. To get your sales message critiqued for free, subscribe to his free weekly Sales Source newsletter<\/a>. Cold calling<\/a> is a labor-intensive way to get sales leads into your pipeline. In addition, people don't like to be cold called, so you're at a disadvantage from square one. If you can, build your business with referrals. Even sales emails are preferable.<\/p>\r\n However, if you're determined to \"dial for dollars<\/a>,\" here are the secrets from two true gurus of the art: Andrea Sitting-Rolf<\/a> and Wendy Weiss<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n If selling your product requires a face-to-face meeting, the goal of the cold call will be to set up that meeting. Similarly, if your company's sales process launches with a trial usage of a product, then your goal is to get the prospect to accept the free trial.<\/p>\r\n Your cold call is more likely to be successful if you know something about the prospect, your prospect's company and industry, and the \"hot buttons\" that will cause that prospect to consider taking the action.<\/p>\r\n As I explained in a previous post about cold calling<\/a>, plan out ahead of time what you're going to say if you get through or get into voice mail. If the former, ask permission before you speak. If the latter, simply say \"I'll be brief.\" Then be brief.<\/p>\r\n Rehearsal transforms the scripted conversation into a more natural dialog. Work with a colleague until you internalize the rhythm of the call. Then your statements and questions flow more naturally.<\/p>\r\n Approach the call as if you have information and perspective that the prospect truly needs. Emphasize in your own mind that you can contribute to both the success of the prospect and the success of the prospect's business.<\/p>\r\n If your offering truly has value, you're doing the prospect a favor by giving him or her the opportunity to talk with you. Be so confident<\/a> in your ability to provide value that the people you call respond with confidence that you're right.<\/p>\r\n You have ten seconds (more or less) to communicate to the prospect that you're worth talking to. The best way to do this is to hit one of the \"hot buttons\" that that you discovered during your research.<\/p>\r\n To create instant rapport, mirror (but don't mimic) the tempo and rhythm of the prospect's voice. If the prospect talks quickly, talk quickly back. If the prospect has a long drawl, slow your talking speed down to match.<\/p>\r\n If the prospect is chatty, you may find yourself in a conversation that's irrelevant to what you're trying to accomplish. Without being pushy or abrupt, move the conversation toward that goal.<\/p>\r\n Part of cold calling is to anticipate the objections so that each time one of them materializes, you can handle it and move the conversation forward.<\/p>\r\n Let's assume your goal is to set up a face-to-face meeting. Here's you'd handle the four most common objections:<\/p>\r\n If the call went well (and you achieved your goal), take a few moments to congratulate yourself<\/a>. If not, you've just gotten that much closer to a call that will go well. So celebrate anyway. You deserve it. It's a tough job.<\/p>","adinfo":{"c_type":"formattedarticle","showlogo":true,"cms":"inc70484","video":"yes","aut":["geoffrey-james"],"channelArray":{"topid":"25","topfilelocation":"marketing","primary":["grow"],"primaryFilelocation":["grow"],"primaryname":["Grow"],"sub":["grow","mktg"],"subFilelocation":["grow","marketing"],"subname":["Grow","Marketing"]},"adzone":"\/4160\/mv.inc\/grow\/mktg\/mktg"},"commentcount":0},{"inc_headline":"Experts' Top 5-Often Unexpected-Must-Read Books for Personal Growth","inc_homepage_headline":"Experts' Top 5 Must-Read Books for Personal Growth","inc_homepage_headline_ab_test":null,"inc_sharing_headline":null,"inc_twitter_headline":"Need a book to propel you into success? Inc. writers share 5 books that have helped them succeed @KevinJDaum","inc_title":"Experts' Top 5-Often Unexpected-Must-Read Books for Personal Growth","inc_custom_byline":null,"inc_deck":"Looking for a powerful book to propel you into success? Inc.<\/em> writers share with you the 5 books that have helped them succeed.","inc_homepage_deck":null,"inc_sharing_deck":null,"inc_clean_text":" There is no shortage of books hitting the shelves trying to help you run your business better, improve your work\/life balance<\/a>, and amass wealth. But sometimes it's the unusually appropriate or little-known books that can have the greatest impact.<\/p>\n Here is the book that had an unexpected influence on my career, and more from my Inc.<\/em> colleagues.<\/p>\n 1. Devil in the White City<\/em><\/a> by Erik Larson.<\/strong><\/p>\n How-to books may help you solve issues, but in my experience it's the inspiration of great people that drives you forward. Aside from telling an amazing story of history, this book showed me how the determination of one visionary<\/a> person like Daniel Burnham can positively impact society for decades to come, even in eventual anonymity. The most ironic thing about this story is the introduction of many items in use today that we take for granted. This book made me want to be worthy of the opportunities that come my way.<\/p>\n 2. The Talent Code<\/em><\/a> by Daniel Coyle.<\/strong><\/p>\n We're all trying to learn new skills and improve old skills, and Coyle uses the science of performance to provide a great blueprint for getting really good at, well, anything. Every time I try to learn something new I follow his REPS approach: Reaching and repeating; Engagement; Purposefulness; Strong and speedy feedback. It works. Every time. And more quickly than any other approach I've tried. Jeff Haden<\/em><\/a>--Owner's Manual<\/em> <\/em><\/p>\n Want to read more from Jeff? <\/em>Click here<\/em><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n 3. The War of Art<\/em><\/a> by Steven Pressfield and Shawn Coyne.<\/strong><\/p>\n Adam Kreek, a friend of mine who won a Gold medal for Canada at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, just turned me on to this book: The War of Art: Break Through the Blocks and Win Your Creative Battles<\/em>. Although I haven't yet had a chance to read it yet, I suspect it will soon be my favorite book for personal growth. If Adam recommends it, I know it will kick ass. Peter Economy<\/em><\/a>--The Leadership Guy<\/em><\/p>\n Want to read more from Peter? <\/em>Click here<\/em><\/a>.<\/em> <\/em><\/p>\n 4. <\/strong>Ask and It Is Given <\/em><\/strong><\/a>by Esther and Jerry Hicks.<\/strong><\/p>\n Here's one for the open-minded. Many books have had an immeasurable impact on my life, but there is one that stands out. I will tell you that when I first picked it up, many years ago, I felt angry. The authors claimed that the information in the book came to them through \"a non-physical entity\" named Abraham. I couldn't wrap my brain around this unlikely claim and dismissed it as a hoax. One year later I was pulled back to Ask and It Is Given: Learning to Manifest Your Desires<\/em>, and made a choice for which I am most grateful. I decided it didn't matter where the information came from if it was meaningful, and it was. This book guided me toward spiritual growth that changed my life forever. Marla Tabaka<\/em><\/a>--The Successful Soloist<\/em><\/p>\n Want to read more from Marla? <\/em>Click here<\/em><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n 5. The Alchemist<\/em><\/a> by Paolo Coelho. <\/strong><\/p>\n One of my favorite, but admittedly nontraditional business books is The Alchemist<\/em> by Paulo Coelho. In my opinion, it is a must-read book for every entrepreneur. Paulo Coelho's masterpiece imparts the story of Santiago, a shepherd boy who yearns to travel in search of an extravagant worldly treasure. Just as he thinks he has achieved a certain level of success or progress toward his goal, circumstances require him to rethink and to start over--a common part of every entrepreneur's journey. One of my favorite quotes from the book is: \"It's the possibility of having a dream come true that makes life interesting.\" All entrepreneurs are dreamers at heart. Once an entrepreneur loses their passion for the dream, the adventure is over. The Alchemist encourages you to stay on the path to your dream no matter the setbacks. Eric Holtzclaw<\/em><\/a>--Lean Forward<\/em><\/p>\n Want to read more from Eric? <\/em>Click here<\/em><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>","inc_pubdate":"2015-02-18 06:55:00","inc_promo_date":"2015-02-18 06:55:00","inc_custom_pubdate":null,"inc_show_feature_imageflag":true,"inc_image_caption_override":null,"inc_autid":null,"inc_typid":1,"inc_staid":7,"inc_serid":null,"inc_prtid":null,"inc_activeflag":true,"inc_copyeditedflag":true,"inc_filelocation":"kevin-daum\/experts-top-5-often-unexpected-must-read-books-for-personal-growth.html","inc_hide_commentsflag":false,"inc_hide_article_sidebarflag":false,"id":70528,"channels":[{"id":4,"cnl_name":"Lead","cnl_filelocation":"lead","cnl_custom_color":"009CD8","cnl_calculated_color":"F7CE00","sortorder":0},{"id":6,"cnl_name":"Grow","cnl_filelocation":"grow","cnl_custom_color":"F6861F","cnl_calculated_color":null,"sortorder":0},{"id":40,"cnl_name":"Strategy","cnl_filelocation":"strategy","cnl_custom_color":null,"cnl_calculated_color":"F6861F","sortorder":0},{"id":286,"cnl_name":"Business Books","cnl_filelocation":"business-books","cnl_custom_color":null,"cnl_calculated_color":"009CD8","sortorder":0}],"authors":[{"aut_name":"Kevin Daum","aut_last_name_for_sort":null,"aut_title":null,"aut_column_name":null,"aut_imgid":"14813","aut_blurb":"If you haven't already read his Amazon No. 1 bestsellers,\u00a0Video Marketing for Dummies<\/a>\u00a0(Wiley) and\u00a0Roar! Get Heard in the Sales and Marketing Jungle<\/a> (Wiley), you'll likely catch Kevin Daum sharing his thoughts (and limericks) onstage or on the Web. Humor, he says, is the key ingredient for great communication. An Inc. 500 entrepreneur with a more than $1 billion sales and marketing track record, Daum helps companies communicate in strategic and compelling ways. Subscribe to his column here<\/a>, or email\u00a0[email protected]<\/a>.","aut_footer_blurb":"An Inc. 500 entrepreneur with a more than $1 billion sales and marketing track record, Kevin Daum is the best-selling author of Video Marketing for Dummies<\/em> and Roar! Get Heard in the Sales and Marketing Jungle<\/a>.","aut_twitter_id":"KevinJDaum","aut_googleplus_id":null,"aut_entid":null,"aut_usrid":"75577","aut_admin_username":null,"aut_base_filelocation":"kevin-daum","aut_atyid":null,"aut_monthly_commitment":null,"aut_compensated_authorflag":null,"time_created":null,"time_updated":null,"id":"3312","sortorder":1,"tbl":"author","fields":null,"application_path":"\/public_web_sites\/www.inc.com\/reflex\/","core_application_url":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/","featureimage":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/170x170\/kevin_daum_800x800_14813.jpg","f2image":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/100x100\/kevin_daum_800x800_14813.jpg","f3image":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/50x50\/kevin_daum_800x800_14813.jpg","f0image":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/kevin_daum_800x800_14813.jpg","display_footer_blurb":"An Inc. 500 entrepreneur with a more than $1 billion sales and marketing track record, KEVIN DAUM<\/a><\/span> is the best-selling author of Video Marketing for Dummies<\/em> and \"One of my goals is to start businesses that make things that can't be downloaded. And basically, you can't download a bottle of tea.\" <\/blockquote>\n
\"Most people's best day would be on the beach at St. Bart's or driving a motorcycle above St. Tropez. Me, it was being at the bottling plant.\" <\/blockquote>\n
\"One of my goals is to start businesses that make things that can't be downloaded. And basically, you can't download a bottle of tea.\" <\/blockquote>\n
\"Most people's best day would be on the beach at St. Bart's or driving a motorcycle above St. Tropez. Me, it was being at the bottling plant.\" <\/blockquote>\n
\"One of my goals is to start businesses that make things that can't be downloaded. And basically, you can't download a bottle of tea.\" <\/blockquote>\n
\"Most people's best day would be on the beach at St. Bart's or driving a motorcycle above St. Tropez. Me, it was being at the bottling plant.\" <\/blockquote>\n
\"One of my goals is to start businesses that make things that can't be downloaded. And basically, you can't download a bottle of tea.\" <\/blockquote>\n
\"Most people's best day would be on the beach at St. Bart's or driving a motorcycle above St. Tropez. Me, it was being at the bottling plant.\" <\/blockquote>\n
Get to the Root of Your Procrastination<\/h2>\r\n
Focus on Progress, Not on To-Dos<\/h2>\r\n
Beware of Time Thieves<\/h2>\r\n
Be In-the-Moment With Everything You Do<\/h2>\r\n
@LeighEBuchanan<\/a>","authorimage":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/100x100\/leigh-buchanan_22421.jpg"}],"images":[{"id":50543,"sortorder":0}],"image-models":[{"id":50543,"img_reference_name":"psychology of productivity illo","img_tags":"psychology of productivity","img_caption":null,"img_custom_credit":"Joon Mo Kang","img_bucketref":null,"img_panoramicref":"psychology-productivity.jpg","img_tile_override_imageref":"psychology-productivity-300.jpg","img_skyscraperref":null,"img_gallery_imageref":null,"img_phoid":null,"sizes":{"panoramic":{"970x450":"uploaded_files\/image\/970x450\/psychology-productivity_50543.jpg","640x290":"uploaded_files\/image\/640x290\/psychology-productivity_50543.jpg","635x367":"uploaded_files\/image\/635x367\/psychology-productivity_50543.jpg","575x270":"uploaded_files\/image\/575x270\/psychology-productivity_50543.jpg","300x200":"uploaded_files\/image\/300x200\/psychology-productivity_50543.jpg","100x100":"uploaded_files\/image\/100x100\/psychology-productivity_50543.jpg","50x50":"uploaded_files\/image\/50x50\/psychology-productivity_50543.jpg"},"tileoverride":{"300x200":"uploaded_files\/image\/300x200\/psychology-productivity-300_50543.jpg"}}}],"slideshows":[],"formatted_text":"
<\/div>\r\nGet to the Root of Your Procrastination<\/h2>\r\n
Focus on Progress, Not on To-Dos<\/h2>\r\n
<\/div>\r\nBeware of Time Thieves<\/h2>\r\n
Be In-the-Moment With Everything You Do<\/h2>\r\n
1. Spend time with the person. <\/h2>\r\n
2. Be likable. <\/h2>\r\n
3. Change their minds before they say no. <\/h2>\r\n
4. Don't stop at \"You're welcome.\" <\/b><\/h2>\r\n
5. Add a sense of wonder. <\/h2>\r\n
@jackschafer<\/a>","authorimage":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/100x100\/JackSchafer_51057.png"}],"images":[{"id":51108,"sortorder":0}],"image-models":[{"id":51108,"img_reference_name":"getty_75960147.jpg","img_tags":null,"img_caption":null,"img_custom_credit":null,"img_bucketref":null,"img_panoramicref":"getty_75960147.jpg","img_tile_override_imageref":null,"img_skyscraperref":null,"img_gallery_imageref":null,"img_phoid":"872","photographers":["Getty Images"],"sizes":{"panoramic":{"1940x900":"uploaded_files\/image\/1940x900\/getty_75960147_51108.jpg","970x450":"uploaded_files\/image\/970x450\/getty_75960147_51108.jpg","640x290":"uploaded_files\/image\/640x290\/getty_75960147_51108.jpg","635x367":"uploaded_files\/image\/635x367\/getty_75960147_51108.jpg","575x270":"uploaded_files\/image\/575x270\/getty_75960147_51108.jpg","385x240":"uploaded_files\/image\/385x240\/getty_75960147_51108.jpg","300x200":"uploaded_files\/image\/300x200\/getty_75960147_51108.jpg","100x100":"uploaded_files\/image\/100x100\/getty_75960147_51108.jpg"}}}],"slideshows":[],"formatted_text":"1. Spend time with the person. <\/h2>\r\n
2. Be likable. <\/h2>\r\n
3. Change their minds before they say no. <\/h2>\r\n
4. Don't stop at \"You're welcome.\" <\/b><\/h2>\r\n
5. Add a sense of wonder. <\/h2>\r\n
<\/p>","inc_pubdate":"2015-02-18 05:45:17","inc_promo_date":"2015-02-19 07:00:09","inc_custom_pubdate":"From the March 2015 issue of Inc.<\/em> magazine","inc_show_feature_imageflag":true,"inc_image_caption_override":null,"inc_autid":3963,"inc_typid":1,"inc_staid":7,"inc_serid":null,"inc_prtid":null,"inc_activeflag":true,"inc_copyeditedflag":false,"inc_filelocation":"magazine\/201503\/tom-foster\/the-king-of-kombucha.html","inc_hide_commentsflag":false,"inc_hide_article_sidebarflag":false,"id":70276,"channels":[{"id":7,"cnl_name":"Innovate","cnl_filelocation":"innovate","cnl_custom_color":"9DC786","cnl_calculated_color":null,"sortorder":0}],"authors":[{"aut_name":"Tom Foster","aut_last_name_for_sort":null,"aut_title":null,"aut_column_name":null,"aut_imgid":"35107","aut_blurb":"Tom Foster is an Inc. editor-at-large. His work has also appeared in Popular Science, Fast Company, Details, and Men's Journal, among others. A longtime New Yorker, he is a recent transplant to Austin, Texas.","aut_footer_blurb":"Tom Foster is an Inc.<\/em> editor-at-large. His work has also appeared in Popular Science, Fast Company, Details,<\/em> and Men's Journal,<\/em> among others. A longtime New Yorker, he is a recent transplant to Austin.","aut_twitter_id":"tomfoster2","aut_googleplus_id":null,"aut_entid":null,"aut_usrid":null,"aut_admin_username":null,"aut_base_filelocation":"tom-foster","aut_atyid":null,"aut_monthly_commitment":null,"aut_compensated_authorflag":null,"time_created":null,"time_updated":null,"id":"3270","sortorder":1,"tbl":"author","fields":null,"application_path":"\/public_web_sites\/www.inc.com\/reflex\/","core_application_url":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/","featureimage":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/170x170\/tom-foster_35107.jpg","f2image":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/100x100\/tom-foster_35107.jpg","f3image":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/50x50\/tom-foster_35107.jpg","f0image":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/336x336\/tom-foster_35107.jpg","display_footer_blurb":"TOM FOSTER<\/a><\/span> is an Inc.<\/em> editor-at-large. His work has also appeared in Popular Science, Fast Company, Details,<\/em> and Men's Journal,<\/em> among others. A longtime New Yorker, he is a recent transplant to Austin.
@tomfoster2<\/a>","authorimage":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/100x100\/tom-foster_35107.jpg"}],"images":[{"id":50745,"sortorder":0}],"image-models":[{"id":50745,"img_reference_name":"gt dave, king of kombucha","img_tags":"gt dave, king of kombucha","img_caption":"Five varieties from GT's Kombucha's rainbow of 29 flavors. At right: founder GT Dave.","img_custom_credit":"Art Streiber","img_bucketref":null,"img_panoramicref":"king-of-kombucha.jpg","img_tile_override_imageref":null,"img_skyscraperref":null,"img_gallery_imageref":null,"img_phoid":null,"sizes":{"panoramic":{"970x450":"uploaded_files\/image\/970x450\/king-of-kombucha_50745.jpg","635x367":"uploaded_files\/image\/635x367\/king-of-kombucha_50745.jpg","575x270":"uploaded_files\/image\/575x270\/king-of-kombucha_50745.jpg","300x200":"uploaded_files\/image\/300x200\/king-of-kombucha_50745.jpg","100x100":"uploaded_files\/image\/100x100\/king-of-kombucha_50745.jpg"}}}],"slideshows":[],"formatted_text":"
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<\/p>","adinfo":{"c_type":"formattedarticle","showlogo":true,"cms":"inc70276","video":"yes","aut":["tom-foster"],"channelArray":{"topid":"7","topfilelocation":"innovate","primary":["innovate"],"primaryFilelocation":["innovate"],"primaryname":["Innovate"]},"adzone":"\/4160\/mv.inc\/innovate\/innovate\/innovate"},"commentcount":1},{"inc_headline":"11 Secrets for a Winning Cold Call","inc_homepage_headline":null,"inc_homepage_headline_ab_test":null,"inc_sharing_headline":null,"inc_twitter_headline":"The easy way to \"dial for dollars\" (i.e. cold call) @Sales_Source","inc_title":"11 Secrets for a Winning Cold Call","inc_custom_byline":null,"inc_deck":"If you must cold call to build your business, here's how to do it right.","inc_homepage_deck":null,"inc_sharing_deck":null,"inc_clean_text":"1. Understand your goal.<\/h2>\r\n
2. Research, research, research.<\/h2>\r\n
3. Write a solid cold call script<\/a>.<\/h2>\r\n
4. Rehearse, rehearse, rehearse.<\/h2>\r\n
5. Assume the prospect needs you.<\/h2>\r\n
6. Get and stay confident.<\/h2>\r\n
7. Differentiate yourself within 10 seconds.<\/h2>\r\n
8. Mirror the prospect's tonality.<\/h2>\r\n
9. Stick to your goal.<\/h2>\r\n
10. Anticipate objections.<\/h2>\r\n
\r\n
Your response:<\/em> \"You know, that's exactly what [current customer] said too when I first called them. They've since become a customer and as a result have [result statement.] Why don't we just get together so I can learn more about you company and what results we might create for you? How does [day] at [time] work for you?\"<\/li>\r\n
Your response:<\/em> \"I'd be happy to, but until I learn more about your company and its needs, I won't know what to send. Why don't I come by [day] at [time] and I'll bring an assortment of literature with me?\"<\/li>\r\n
Your response:<\/em> \"Okay, I won't keep you. What I'd like to do is come by when you have more time to talk. How does [day] at [time] work for you?\"<\/li>\r\n
Your response:<\/em> \"In that case, now is the perfect time to meet! We've found it very beneficial to discuss future needs and our solution early so that we can be of help during your decision making process. Why don't we just get together [day] at [time]?\"<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n11. Celebrate every call.<\/h2>\r\n
@Sales_Source<\/a>","authorimage":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221062243\/http:\/\/www.inc.com\/uploaded_files\/image\/100x100\/james-updated_34970.jpeg"}],"images":[{"id":50817,"sortorder":0}],"image-models":[{"id":50817,"img_reference_name":"getty_161824768_9706479704500116.jpg","img_tags":null,"img_caption":null,"img_custom_credit":null,"img_bucketref":null,"img_panoramicref":"getty_161824768_9706479704500116.jpg","img_tile_override_imageref":null,"img_skyscraperref":null,"img_gallery_imageref":null,"img_phoid":"872","photographers":["Getty Images"],"sizes":{"panoramic":{"970x450":"uploaded_files\/image\/970x450\/getty_161824768_9706479704500116_50817.jpg","635x367":"uploaded_files\/image\/635x367\/getty_161824768_9706479704500116_50817.jpg","575x270":"uploaded_files\/image\/575x270\/getty_161824768_9706479704500116_50817.jpg","300x200":"uploaded_files\/image\/300x200\/getty_161824768_9706479704500116_50817.jpg","100x100":"uploaded_files\/image\/100x100\/getty_161824768_9706479704500116_50817.jpg"}}}],"slideshows":[],"formatted_text":"1. Understand your goal.<\/h2>\r\n
2. Research, research, research.<\/h2>\r\n
3. Write a solid cold call script<\/a>.<\/h2>\r\n
4. Rehearse, rehearse, rehearse.<\/h2>\r\n
5. Assume the prospect needs you.<\/h2>\r\n
6. Get and stay confident.<\/h2>\r\n
7. Differentiate yourself within 10 seconds.<\/h2>\r\n
8. Mirror the prospect's tonality.<\/h2>\r\n
9. Stick to your goal.<\/h2>\r\n
10. Anticipate objections.<\/h2>\r\n
\r\n
Your response:<\/em> \"You know, that's exactly what [current customer] said too when I first called them. They've since become a customer and as a result have [result statement.] Why don't we just get together so I can learn more about you company and what results we might create for you? How does [day] at [time] work for you?\"<\/li>\r\n
Your response:<\/em> \"I'd be happy to, but until I learn more about your company and its needs, I won't know what to send. Why don't I come by [day] at [time] and I'll bring an assortment of literature with me?\"<\/li>\r\n
Your response:<\/em> \"Okay, I won't keep you. What I'd like to do is come by when you have more time to talk. How does [day] at [time] work for you?\"<\/li>\r\n
Your response:<\/em> \"In that case, now is the perfect time to meet! We've found it very beneficial to discuss future needs and our solution early so that we can be of help during your decision making process. Why don't we just get together [day] at [time]?\"<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n11. Celebrate every call.<\/h2>\r\n
<\/p>\n
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