Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2014 Feb 3:6:7.
doi: 10.12703/P6-7. eCollection 2014.

Proteostasis and longevity: when does aging really begin?

Affiliations
Review

Proteostasis and longevity: when does aging really begin?

John Labbadia et al. F1000Prime Rep. .

Abstract

Aging is a complex process regulated by multiple cellular pathways, including the proteostasis network. The proteostasis network consists of molecular chaperones, stress-response transcription factors, and protein degradation machines that sense and respond to proteotoxic stress and protein misfolding to ensure cell viability. A loss of proteostasis is associated with aging and age-related disorders in diverse model systems, moreover, genetic or pharmacological enhancement of the proteostasis network has been shown to extend lifespan and suppress age-related disease. However, our understanding of the relationship between aging, proteostasis, and the proteostasis network remains unclear. Here, we propose, from studies in Caenorhabditis elegans, that proteostasis collapse is not gradual but rather a sudden and early life event that triggers proteome mismanagement, thereby affecting a multitude of downstream processes. Furthermore, we propose that this phenomenon is not stochastic but is instead a programmed re-modeling of the proteostasis network that may be conserved in other species. As such, we postulate that changes in the proteostasis network may be one of the earliest events dictating healthy aging in metazoans.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Temporal relationship between Caenorhabditis elegans reproduction, aging, and changes in proteostasis
The C. elegans lifespan can be broken into three distinct stages: development (pale green region) through four larval stages (L1-L4) to become young adults (YAs), maturation into reproductively active adults that generate progeny (pale blue region), and post-reproductive adults that show progressive changes in physiology and behavior (pale red region). These life stages correlate with pronounced changes in the heat shock response (HSR) (red line), unfolded protein response (UPR) (blue line), ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) (purple line), protein synthesis (black line), and onset of protein aggregation (green line) early in life (colored lines). Relative activity/quantity is an arbitrary scale intended to reflect published data [3,9-11,13,21,43,48]. Days of life are representative for animals grown at 20°C; however, C. elegans life stages are shifted by growth at lower (15°C) or higher (25°C) temperatures. For example, C. elegans reach YA approximately 3, 2, or 1.5 days after hatching when grown at 15, 20, or 25°C, respectively.

References

    1. López-Otín C, Blasco MA, Partridge L, Serrano M, Kroemer G. The Hallmarks of Aging. Cell. 2013;153:1194–217. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.05.039. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Morimoto RI. Proteotoxic stress and inducible chaperone networks in neurodegenerative disease and aging. Genes Dev. 2008;22:1427–38. doi: 10.1101/gad.1657108. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Della David C, Ollikainen N, Trinidad JC, Cary MP, Burlingame AL, Kenyon C. Widespread protein aggregation as an inherent part of aging in C. elegans. PLoS Biol. 2010;8:e1000450. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000450. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    2. http://f1000.com/prime/4877956

    1. Knoefler D, Thamsen M, Koniczek M, Niemuth NJ, Diederich A, Jakob U. Quantitative in vivo redox sensors uncover oxidative stress as an early event in life. Mol Cell. 2012;47:767–76. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2012.06.016. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    2. http://f1000.com/prime/718242999

    1. Rana A, Rera M, Walker DW. Parkin overexpression during aging reduces proteotoxicity, alters mitochondrial dynamics, and extends lifespan. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2013;110:8638–43. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1216197110. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    2. http://f1000.com/prime/718132852