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. 2005 Mar 1;102(9):3465-70.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0409918102. Epub 2005 Feb 22.

Genomic characterization of non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae reveals genes for a type III secretion system

Michelle Dziejman  1 , Davide Serruto, Vincent C Tam, Derek Sturtevant, Pornphan Diraphat, Shah M Faruque, M Hasibur Rahman, John F Heidelberg, Jeremy Decker, Li Li, Kate T Montgomery, George Grills, Raju Kucherlapati, John J Mekalanos
Affiliations

Genomic characterization of non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae reveals genes for a type III secretion system

Michelle Dziejman et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. .

Abstract

Non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae can cause gastroenteritis and extraintestinal infections, but, unlike O1 and O139 strains of V. cholerae, little is known about the virulence gene content of non-O1, non-O139 strains and their phylogenetic relationship to other pathogenic V. cholerae. Comparative genomic microarray analysis of four pathogenic non-O1, non-O139 strains indicates that these strains are quite divergent from O1 and O139 strains. Genomic sequence analysis of a non-O1, non-O139 strain (AM-19226) that appeared particularly pathogenic in experimental animals suggests that this strain carries a type III secretion system (TTSS) that is related to the TTSS2 gene cluster found in a pandemic clone of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The genes for this V. cholerae TTSS system appear to be present in many clinical and environmental non-O1, non-O139 strains, including at least one clone that is globally distributed. We hypothesize that the TTSS present in some pathogenic strains of non-O1, non-O139 V. cholerae may be involved in the virulence and environmental fitness of these strains.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Results of microarray-based comparative genomic analyses of four non-O1, non-O139 strains with the O1 El Tor sequenced strain used for array constriction, N16961. Representation of absent (white) and present (black) genes was based on fluorescence intensity ratios compiled from multiple slides from each strain, and was included alongside previously published data for O1 classical, environmental, and O139 strains for comparison.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Shedding of V. cholerae strains in stools of adult rabbits challenged with the nontoxigenic TCP negative V. cholerae non-O1, non-O139 strains in the RITARD model. N-16961 is a TCP-positive toxigenic V. cholerae O1 strain used as a positive control. TCP-2 is a TCP- and CT-deleted V. cholerae O1 strain used as a negative control. The prolonged shedding of the challenge organisms suggested that the strains colonized the intestines of the rabbits. Values represent the mean of at least five assays in different rabbits.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Genetic organization of TTSSs from V. cholerae AM19226 and V. parahaemolyticus RIMD2210633. Red arrows designate type III-related genes, blue arrows designate genes encoding putative regulatory and putative effector proteins, and green striped arrows indicate putative ORFs that are not annotated by glimmer. Green arrows designate genes unrelated to TTSS structural components. Gray arrows indicate genes encoding hypothetical proteins.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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