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. 2001 Apr 20;292(5516):468-72.
doi: 10.1126/science.1059796. Epub 2001 Apr 5.

Targeting of HIF-alpha to the von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitylation complex by O2-regulated prolyl hydroxylation

P Jaakkola  1 , D R Mole, Y M Tian, M I Wilson, J Gielbert, S J Gaskell, A von Kriegsheim, H F Hebestreit, M Mukherji, C J Schofield, P H Maxwell, C W Pugh, P J Ratcliffe
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Targeting of HIF-alpha to the von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitylation complex by O2-regulated prolyl hydroxylation

P Jaakkola et al. Science. .

Abstract

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a transcriptional complex that plays a central role in the regulation of gene expression by oxygen. In oxygenated and iron replete cells, HIF-alpha subunits are rapidly destroyed by a mechanism that involves ubiquitylation by the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (pVHL) E3 ligase complex. This process is suppressed by hypoxia and iron chelation, allowing transcriptional activation. Here we show that the interaction between human pVHL and a specific domain of the HIF-1alpha subunit is regulated through hydroxylation of a proline residue (HIF-1alpha P564) by an enzyme we have termed HIF-alpha prolyl-hydroxylase (HIF-PH). An absolute requirement for dioxygen as a cosubstrate and iron as cofactor suggests that HIF-PH functions directly as a cellular oxygen sensor.

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