Abstract
Key message
We summarise recent advancements to achieve higher homologous recombination based gene targeting efficiency in different animals and plants.
Abstract
The genome editing has revolutionized the agriculture and human therapeutic sectors by its ability to create precise, stable and predictable mutations in the genome. It depends upon targeted double-strand breaks induction by the engineered endonucleases, which then gets repaired by highly conserved endogenous DNA repair mechanisms. The repairing could be done either through non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homology-directed repair (HDR) pathways. The HDR-based editing can be applied for precise gene targeting such as insertion of a new gene, gene replacement and altering of the regulatory sequence of a gene to control the existing protein expression. However, HDR-mediated editing is considered challenging because of lower efficiency in higher eukaryotes, thus, preventing its widespread application. This article reviews the recent progress of HDR-mediated editing and discusses novel strategies such as cell cycle synchronization, modulation of DNA damage repair factors, engineering of Cas protein favoring HDR and CRISPR-Cas reagents delivery methods to improve efficiency for generating knock-in events in both plants and animals. Further, multiplexing of described methods may be promising towards achieving higher donor template-assisted homologous recombination efficiency at the target locus.
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Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.
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Acknowledgements
The authors express their gratitude to the National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology (DBT) for research facilities and support. We are also thankful to DBT for junior research fellowship to S.S. and Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) for junior research fellowship to R.C. The present research was also supported by the Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC) for a banana biofortification project grant. S.S. and R.C. are thankful to Regional Centre for Biotechnology for PhD registration. Authors would like to acknowledge DBT-eLibrary Consortium (DelCON) for providing access to online journals.
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This work was supported by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry of Science & Technology, Government of India.
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S.T. conceived and designed the idea. S.S. and R.C. performed the literature survey. S.S. and R.C. and S.T. wrote the manuscript. S.T. and R.D. contributed to the editing and revision of the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
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Singh, S., Chaudhary, R., Deshmukh, R. et al. Opportunities and challenges with CRISPR-Cas mediated homologous recombination based precise editing in plants and animals. Plant Mol Biol 111, 1–20 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-022-01321-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-022-01321-5