Abstract
Aging is a progressive decline of physiological function in tissue and organ accompanying both accumulation of DNA damage and reduction of non-coding DNA. Peripheral non-coding DNA/heterochromatin has been proposed to protect the genome and centrally-located protein-coding sequences in soma and male germ cells against radiation and the invasion of exogenous nucleic acids. Therefore, this review summarizes the reduction of non-coding DNA/heterochromatin (including telomeric DNA and rDNA) and DNA damage accumulation during normal physiological aging and in various aging-related diseases. Based on analysis of data, it is found that DNA damage accumulation is roughly negatively correlated with the reduction of non-coding DNA and therefore speculated that DNA damage accumulation is likely due to the reduction of non-coding DNA protection in genome defense during aging. Therefore, it is proposed here that means to increase the total amount of non-coding DNA and/or heterochromatin prior to the onset of these diseases could potentially better protect the genome and protein-coding DNA, reduce the incidence of aging-related diseases, and thus lead to better health during aging.
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Acknowledgements
We thank QIU Biqing for the critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (2018J01456 and 2016J01711) and Longyan Science and Technology Scheme (2017LY73 and 2017LY26). We declare no potential conflicts of interest.
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Qiu, GH., Zheng, X., Fu, M. et al. The protective function of non-coding DNA in DNA damage accumulation with age and its roles in age-related diseases. Biogerontology 20, 741–761 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10522-019-09832-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10522-019-09832-3