Abstract
This paper explores the affective qualities of cinema and builds on the growing body of research on the intersections of film studies, diasporic identities, and affect. It examines the narratives and experiences of second-generation immigrant Pakistani women: 18-year-old Zahira in Stephan Streker’s film A Wedding (2016) and 16-year-old Nisha in Iram Haq’s What Will People Say (2017). While the former is inspired by the honour killing of Sadia Sheikh in Belgium in 2007, the latter is inspired by Haq’s own life in Norway and Pakistan. Through an approach informed by intermedial processes, the purpose of the study is to understand if and how an inquiry into the lives of girls like Zahira and Nisha contributes to a broader social and cultural understanding of ethnic identities in multicultural European societies. The paper argues that diasporic subjectivities are built through processes that are intercultural and dynamic in nature. Moreover, it further explores how the films create sites of mutuality through the affective and traveling qualities of shame. The study finds that while the material aspect of intermediality contributes to perpetuation of stereotypes (often against an ethnic group), culture as media in its intermedial rendering confronts and challenges such reductive practices.


Data Availability
No datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.
References
A Wedding. 2016. Press Release. Jour2Fête.
Ahmad, Fauzia. 2020. Still “In Progress?” – Methodological Dilemmas, Tensions and Contradictions in Theorizing South Asian Muslim Women. In South Asian Women in the Diaspora, edited by Nirmal Puwar and Parvati Raghuram, 1st ed., 43–65. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003086758-4.
Ahmed, Sara. 2014. The Cultural Politics of Emotion. NED-New edition, 2. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Althusser, Louis. 2001. Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses: (Notes towards an Investigation). In Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays, 85–126. NYU Press.
Basit, Tehmina N. 1997. “I Want More Freedom, but Not Too Much”: British Muslim Girls and the Dynamism of Family Values. Gender and Education 9 (4): 425–440. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540259721178.
Berlant, Lauren. 2011. Cruel Optimism. Duke University Press. https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822394716.
Bhabha, Homi K. 1994. The Location of Culture. New. London New York: Routledge.
Bracke, Sarah. 2011. Subjects of Debate: Secular and Sexual Exceptionalism, and Muslim Women in the Netherlands. Feminist Review 98 (1): 28–46. https://doi.org/10.1057/fr.2011.5.
Brown, Tom. 2012. Breaking the Fourth Wall: Direct Address in the Cinema. Edinburgh University Press.
Dancus, Adriana Margareta. 2023. From Polarizing to Shared Shame: Multicultural Daughters, Pakistani Mothers, and Norwegian Child Welfare Services in What Will People Say. Nora – Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research 31 (2): 128–138. https://doi.org/10.1080/08038740.2022.2126520.
Ercan, Selen A. 2015. Creating and Sustaining Evidence for “Failed Multiculturalism”: The Case of “Honor Killing” in Germany. American Behavioral Scientist 59 (6): 658–678. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764215568988.
Fludernik, Monika. 2003. Diaspora and Multiculturalism: Common Traditions and New Developments. Cross-Cultures: Readings in the Post-Colonial Literatures in English, 66. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
Foucault, Michel. 1986. Of Other Spaces. Diacritics 16 (1): 22–27. https://doi.org/10.2307/464648.
Gigi Durham, Meenakshi. 2004. Constructing the “New Ethnicities”: Media, Sexuality, and Diaspora Identity in the Lives of South Asian Immigrant Girls. Critical Studies in Media Communication 21 (2): 140–161. https://doi.org/10.1080/07393180410001688047.
Hall, Stuart. 1973. Encoding and Decoding in the Television Discourse. Discussion Paper. CCCS Selected Working Papers. Vol. 2. Birmingham: University of Birmingham.
Herzogenrath, Bernd, ed. 2012. Travels in Intermedia[Lity]: Reblurring the Boundaries. 1st ed. Interfaces: Studies in Visual Culture. Hanover: Dartmouth College Press.
Jensen, Klaus Bruhn. 2016. Intermediality. In The International Encyclopedia of Communication Theory and Philosophy, edited by Klaus Bruhn Jensen, Eric W. Rothenbuhler, Jefferson D. Pooley, and Robert T. Craig, 1st ed., 1–12. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118766804.wbiect170.
Kristeva, Julia. 1986. The Kristeva Reader. Edited by Toril Moi. New York: Columbia University Press.
Luther, J. Daniel. 2023. Queering Normativity and South Asian Public Culture: Wrong Readings Only. Thinking Gender in Transnational Times. Springer International Publishing.
Mishra, Vijay. 1996. The diasporic imaginary: Theorizing the Indian Diaspora. Textual Practice 10 (3): 421–447. https://doi.org/10.1080/09502369608582254.
Pethő, Ágnes. 2011. Cinema and Intermediality: The Passion for the In-Between. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars.
Pethő, Ágnes. 2018. Approaches to Studying Intermediality in Contemporary Cinema. Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Film and Media Studies 15 (1): 165–187. https://doi.org/10.1515/ausfm-2018-0009.
Rajewsky, Irina O. 2005. Intermediality, Intertextuality, and Remediation: A Literary Perspective on Intermediality. Intermédialités, no. 6: 43–64. https://doi.org/10.7202/1005505ar.
Rushdie, Salman. 1992. Imaginary Homelands: Essays and Criticism 1981–1991.
Scott, Jo. 2016. “Affective Encounters”: Live Intermedial Spaces in Sites of Trauma. Research in Drama Education: THe Journal of Applied Theatre and Performance 21 (3): 332–336. https://doi.org/10.1080/13569783.2016.1191337.
Shaw, Alison. 1994. The Pakistani Community in Oxford. In Desh Pardesh: The South Asian Presence in Britain, edited by Roger Ballard. London: Hurst and Co.
Spivak, Gayatri. 1988. Can the Subaltern Speak? In Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture, edited by Cary Nelson and Lawrence Grossberg. Explorations in Chemical Ecology, 271–313. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
Tomkins, Silvan. 1995. Shame-Humiliation and Contempt-Disgust. In Shame and Its Sisters: A Silvan Tomkins Reader, edited by Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick and Adam Frank, 133–178. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Van Zoonen, Liesbet. 2017. Intertextuality. In The International Encyclopedia of Media Effects, edited by Patrick Rössler, Cynthia A. Hoffner, and Liesbet Zoonen, 1st ed., 1–12. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118783764.wbieme0219.
Vogt-William, Christine. 2019. “You Have Done Our Shame”: Interrogating Shame and Honour in Diaspora in Jasvinder Sanghera’s Shame Trilogy. European Journal of English Studies 23 (3): 340–355. https://doi.org/10.1080/13825577.2019.1655239.
What Will People Say. 2017. Press Release. Kino Lorber.
Funding
The authors did not receive support from any organization for the submitted work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
As the primary author, A.P. came up with the main inquiry, wrote the larger part of the manuscript, and chose the primary films for analysis. A.P. and N.S. worked together to finalise the theoretical and conceptual frameworks. Furthermore, N.S. helped with choosing specific instances to support the claims made, while being a constant guide in fine-tuning the language.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing Interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Pareek, A., Saraswat, N. Subjectivity, Space, Shame: Analysing the ‘in-between’ in Stephan Streker’s A Wedding and Iram Haq’s What Will People Say. Acta Univ. Sapientiae Film Media Stud. 27, 10 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44428-025-00011-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Version of record:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s44428-025-00011-x