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schema.md

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Schema Registry

KoP has implemented with the Schema Registry to support Kafka clients with Confluent's Schema serializers and deserializers.

To enable the Schema Registry, you should add the following configuration:

kopSchemaRegistryEnable=true

By default, the Schema Registry listens on port 8001, which means you should add the following property to create your Kafka producer or consumer.

schema.registry.url=http://<broker-ip>:8001

Note

For other configurations, such as how to change the port where the Schema Registry listens on, see the configuration guide.

To manage the schemas, see the Confluent's Schema REST API.

Example: Use KoP Schema Registry with Confluent's Avro serializer

This section provides an example about how to use Confluent's Avro serializer on KoP.

Enable the Schema Registry on KoP

Start KoP with the following properties in standalone mode. For details, see Set configuration for KoP.

messagingProtocols=kafka
kafkaListeners=PLAINTEXT://0.0.0.0:9092
brokerEntryMetadataInterceptors=org.apache.pulsar.common.intercept.AppendIndexMetadataInterceptor
brokerDeleteInactiveTopicsEnabled=false
allowAutoTopicCreationType=partitioned

# Enable the transaction to be compatible with Kafka clients 3.2.0 or later
# See https://kafka.apache.org/documentation/#upgrade_320_notable
kafkaTransactionCoordinatorEnabled=true
brokerDeduplicationEnabled=true

kopSchemaRegistryEnable=true

Define the Avro schema

Create an Avro schema file named User.asvc under the src/main/avro directory:

{
  "namespace": "example.avro",
  "type": "record",
  "name": "User1",
  "fields": [
    {"name": "name", "type": "string"},
    {"name": "age", "type": "int"}
  ]
}

Add the avro-maven-plugin plugin to generate the Java class from the Avro schema file above.

      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId>
        <artifactId>avro-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>1.10.2</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <phase>generate-sources</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>schema</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
              <sourceDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/avro</sourceDirectory>
              <includes>
                <include>User.avsc</include>
              </includes>
              <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/generated-sources</outputDirectory>
            </configuration>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>

With the Maven plugin above, a User class that has a String field named name and an int field named age will be generated under the example.avro package.

Produce and consume messages with Confluent's Avro serializer

  1. Add the following dependencies to use Kafka client 3.3.1 with Confluent's Avro serializer 7.3.1:
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
      <artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId>
      <version>3.3.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>io.confluent</groupId>
      <artifactId>kafka-avro-serializer</artifactId>
      <version>7.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
  1. Run the following producer application code:
final Properties props = new Properties();
props.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, "localhost:9092");
props.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
props.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, KafkaAvroSerializer.class);
props.put(KafkaAvroSerializerConfig.SCHEMA_REGISTRY_URL_CONFIG, "http://localhost:8001");

final String topic = "my-avro-kafka-topic";
final KafkaProducer<String, User> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);
RecordMetadata metadata = producer.send(new ProducerRecord<>(topic, new User("alice", 10))).get();
System.out.println("Sent to " + metadata);
producer.close();

You will see the following output:

Sent to my-avro-kafka-topic-0@0
  1. Run the following consumer application:
final Properties props = new Properties();
props.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, "localhost:9092");
props.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
props.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, KafkaAvroDeserializer.class);
props.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, "my-group");
props.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_OFFSET_RESET_CONFIG, "earliest");
props.put(KafkaAvroSerializerConfig.SCHEMA_REGISTRY_URL_CONFIG, "http://localhost:8001");

final KafkaConsumer<String, User> consumer = new KafkaConsumer<>(props);
consumer.subscribe(Collections.singleton("my-avro-kafka-topic"));
while (true) {
    ConsumerRecords<String, User> records = consumer.poll(Duration.ofSeconds(1));
    records.forEach(record -> System.out.println("Received " + record.value() + " from "
            + record.topic() + "-" + record.partition() + "@" + record.offset()));
    if (!records.isEmpty()) break;
}
consumer.close();

You will see the following output:

Received {"name": "alice", "age": 10} from my-avro-kafka-topic-0@0

Query the created schema

Query the schema whose ID is 1 (i.e. the 1st schema):

$ curl -L http://localhost:8001/schemas/ids/1; echo
{
  "schema" : "{\"type\":\"record\",\"name\":\"User\",\"namespace\":\"example.avro\",\"fields\":[{\"name\":\"name\",\"type\":\"string\"},{\"name\":\"age\",\"type\":\"int\"}]}"
}

Query the subjects:

$ curl -L http://localhost:8001/subjects; echo
[ "my-avro-kafka-topic-value" ]
$ curl -L http://localhost:8001/subjects/my-avro-kafka-topic-value/versions; echo
[ 1 ]
$ curl -L http://localhost:8001/subjects/my-avro-kafka-topic-value/versions/1; echo
{
  "id" : 1,
  "schema" : "{\"type\":\"record\",\"name\":\"User\",\"namespace\":\"example.avro\",\"fields\":[{\"name\":\"name\",\"type\":\"string\"},{\"name\":\"age\",\"type\":\"int\"}]}",
  "subject" : "my-avro-kafka-topic-value",
  "version" : 1,
  "type" : "AVRO"
}

For a quick start of Confluent's Schema concepts, See Confluent documentation .