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Interview-Notes
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toBeTopJavaer
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integer-scope.md
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integer-scope.md
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Java中的整型主要包含byte
、short、
int和long这四种
,
表示的数字范围也是从小到大的
,
之所以表示范围不同主要和他们存储数据时所占的字节数有关
。
先来个简答的科普
,
1
字节
=
8
位
(
bit
)。
java中的整型属于有符号数
。
先来看计算中8bit可以表示的数字
:
最小值
:
10000000
(-
128
)(-
2
^
7
)
最大值
:
01111111
(
127
)(
2
^
7
-
1
)
具体计算方式参考
:
Java中
,
为什么byte类型的取值范围为
-
128
~
127
? -
CSDN博客
整型的这几个类型中
,
byte:
byte用1个字节来存储
,
范围为
-
128
(-
2
^
7
)
到127
(
2
^
7
-
1
),
在变量初始化的时候
,
byte类型的默认值为0
。
short
:
short用2个字节存储
,
范围为
-
32
,
768
(-
2
^
15
)
到32
,
767
(
2
^
15
-
1
),
在变量初始化的时候
,
short类型的默认值为0
,
一般情况下
,
因为Java本身转型的原因
,
可以直接写为0
。
int:
int用4个字节存储
,
范围为
-
2
,
147
,
483
,
648
(-
2
^
31
)
到2
,
147
,
483
,
647
(
2
^
31
-
1
),
在变量初始化的时候
,
int类型的默认值为0
。
long:
long用8个字节存储
,
范围为
-
9
,
223
,
372
,
036
,
854
,
775
,
808
(-
2
^
63
)
到9
,
223
,
372
,
036
,
854
,
775
,
807
(
2
^
63
-
1
),
在变量初始化的时候
,
long类型的默认值为0L或0l
,
也可直接写为0
。
上面说过了
,
整型中
,
每个类型都有一定的表示范围
,
但是
,
在程序中有些计算会导致超出表示范围
,
即溢出
。
如以下代码
:
int
i
=
Integer
.
MAX_VALUE
;
int
j
=
Integer
.
MAX_VALUE
;
int
k
=
i
+
j
;
System
.
out
.
println
(
"i ("
+
i
+
") + j ("
+
j
+
") = k ("
+
k
+
")"
);
输出结果
:`
i
(
2147483647
) +
j
(
2147483647
) =
k
(-
2
)`
这就是发生了溢出
,
溢出的时候并不会抛异常
,
也没有任何提示
。
所以
,
在程序中
,
使用同类型的数据进行运算的时候
,
一定要注意数据溢出的问题
。
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